The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability.
Abstract
Reliability coefficients often take the form of intraclass correlation coefficients. In this article, guidelines are given for choosing among six different forms of the intraclass correlation for reliability studies in which n target are rated by k judges. Relevant to the choice of the coefficient are the appropriate statistical model for the reliability and the application to be made of the reliability results. Confidence intervals for each of the forms are reviewed.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“As a result, the inter-rater agreement was quite high for categorical variables (mean Cohen's kappa = 0.73, SD = 0.13) and for continuous variables (mean intraclass correlation [26] = 0.80, SD = .14).”
From Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-analytic Review (2010) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“we used the methodology Shrout and Fleiss (1979) describe and computed the Shrout-Fleiss single ICC score agreement of .998, which is considered quite high (Koo and Li 2016).”
From Driving Brand Engagement Through Online Social Influencers: An Empirical Investigation of Sponsored Blogging Campaigns (2019) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss (1979)
In the citing paper
“In contrast, Cohen's quadratically weighted kappa converges to two-factor intraclass correlation coefficients with random and fixed raters (i.e., the so-called ICC (2,1) and ICC(3,1) coefficients), where the items and raters are the two factors (Carrasco, 2010;Fleiss & Cohen, 1973;Janson & Olsson, 2001;Schuster, 2004;Schuster & Smith, 2005;Shrout & Fleiss, 1979;Warrens, 2014).”
From Quadratically Weighted Agreement Coefficients: Interpretations and Connections (2026) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“A sample of 11% of video data was double coded by the researcher and an experienced coder (the developer of CHIPPA). Inter‐rater reliability was based on intra‐class correlation (ICC) statistics from the mean rating for the two coders (k = 2) using a two‐way mixed effects consistency model (see Table 2 below) and resulted in good to excellent reliability across the CHIPPA subscales (Koo & Li, 2016”
From A plausible role of imagination in pretend play, counterfactual reasoning, and executive functions (2023) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“The results suggest that coders showed high agreement (intraclass correlation [2, 1] = 0.85; Shrout & Fleiss, 1979).”
From Respiratory and cognitive mediators of treatment change in panic disorder: Evidence for intervention specificity. (2010) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“Interrater reliability of the pre- and posttreatment assessments was excellent (intraclass correlations [2, 1] = 0.97 and 0.96, respectively; Shrout & Fleiss, 1979).”
From Respiratory and cognitive mediators of treatment change in panic disorder: Evidence for intervention specificity. (2010) · cites this paper as Shrout & Fleiss, 1979
In the citing paper
“ICC decomposes observed variance into between-query variance (task difficulty) and within-query variance (agent inconsistency), highlighting whether reported results reflect true capability or measurement noise.”
From Stochasticity in Agentic Evaluations: Quantifying Inconsistency with Intraclass Correlation (2025) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss 1979
In the citing paper
“The ICC quantifies the proportion of total variance attributable to differences between tasks and can be understood as a function of both the difficulty of the dataset (variance between tasks) and the consistency of the agent (variance within tasks).”
From Stochasticity in Agentic Evaluations: Quantifying Inconsistency with Intraclass Correlation (2025) · cites this paper as Shrout and Fleiss 1979
In the citing paper
“Reproducibility of the final placenta, fetus and amniotic fluid volume in millilitres was assessed using the ICC (2,1) [37], [38] for inter-observer repeatability between the semi-automated Random Walker results, regarded as the ground-truth used for performance evaluation, and the newly generated FCNN outputs.”
From Fully Automated 3-D Ultrasound Segmentation of the Placenta, Amniotic Fluid, and Fetus for Early Pregnancy Assessment (2021) · cites this paper as [37]
Citations
Cites
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
Statistical principles in experimental design.
Winer, B. J. (1962) · McGraw-Hill Book Company · doi:10.1037/11774-000 · Cited by 27,137
Rozeboom, W. W., Lord, F. M., Novick, M. R., & Birnbaum, A. (1969) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312006001112 · Cited by 8,013
Rozeboom, W. W., Lord, F. M., Novick, M. R., & Birnbaum, A. (1969) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162101 · Cited by 8,012
Snedecor, G. W., & Cochran, W. G. (1967) · Cited by 6,573
Scheffé, H. (1960) · Soil Science · doi:10.1097/00010694-196006000-00016 · Cited by 5,625
An Approximate Distribution of Estimates of Variance Components
Satterthwaite, F. E. (1946) · Biometrics Bulletin · doi:10.2307/3002019 · Cited by 4,373
The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient as a Measure of Reliability
Bartko, J. (1966) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1966.19.1.3 · Cited by 2,206
Statistics for the social sciences
Hays, W. L. (1973) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,081
The theory of the estimation of test reliability
Kuder, G. F., & Richardson, M. W. (1937) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02288391 · Cited by 1,953
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 20,301–20,400 of 23,883
Customer Trust and Purchase Intention in Online Shopping: An Integrated Model
Habib, N. (2022) · Journal of Development and Social Sciences · doi:10.47205/jdss.2022(3-iii)62 · Cited by 1
Popli, A., Goyal, K., Chatterjee, S., & Goyal, M. (2023) · Foot and Ankle Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.fas.2023.08.002 · Cited by 1
Succi, P. J., Benitez, B., Kwak, M., & Bergstrom, H. C. (2023) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk8030124 · Cited by 1
Genç Basketbol Oyuncularında İzometrik Orta Uyluk Çekme Testinin Güvenirliği
Çelik, H., Mavili, C., YILMAZ, E., et al. (2023) · Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.17644/sbd.1180205 · Cited by 1
Blanco‐Orive, P., del Corral, T., Martín‐Casas, P., Iranzo, M. À. C. I., Godoy‐Nieto, C., & López‐de‐Uralde‐Villanueva, I. (2023) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.26671 · Cited by 1
Translation into Spanish and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI)
Soriano-Reixach, M. M., Sampedro, J. J. N., Minguez, M. S. G., Rey-Martínez, J. A., & Altuna, X. (2023) · Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española · doi:10.1016/j.otorri.2022.11.002 · Cited by 1
Branigan, A. R., Nunez, J. G., Khan, M. A., & Gordon, R. A. (2023) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1177/01902725231196851 · Cited by 1
Zhao, M., Shen, D., Fan, L., et al. (2023) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.5059 · Cited by 1
Taniguchi, J., Masuda, T., Iwatani, Y., Yamamoto, K., Sakai, N., Okada, Y., & Watanabe, M. (2023) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/cge.14443 · Cited by 1
Validity, reliability and responsiveness of a goniometer watch to measure pure forearm rotation
Harte, D., Nevill, A. M., Ramsey, L., & Martin, S. (2023) · Hand Therapy · doi:10.1177/17589983231211813 · Cited by 1
Exploring the emotional and thematic matrix of dreams during war: the role of anxiety and depression
Kaźmierczak, I., Zajenkowska, A. M., Bodecka-Zych, M., Jasielska, D., Olechowska, A., Molińska, W., & Moniuszko, K. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-023-05339-w · Cited by 1
Street, M., Morrison, M., & Miles, A. (2023) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000009791 · Cited by 1
Pagliai, I. (2023) · Journal of Open Humanities Data · doi:10.5334/johd.123 · Cited by 1
Lim, S., Kim, T. H., Park, D. Y., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0288616 · Cited by 1
Gbaoui, L., Hoeschen, C., Kaniušas, E., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1280899 · Cited by 1
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0027 · Cited by 1
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0008 · Cited by 2
Public Health and Human Flourishing
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0032 · Cited by 1
Understanding the Religion–Physical Health Relationship
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0031 · Cited by 1
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0017 · Cited by 1
Koenig, H. G., VanderWeele, T. J., & Peteet, J. R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190088859.003.0006 · Cited by 1
Yadav, K. N., Hemmons, J. E., Snider, C. K., et al. (2023) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2023.11.044 · Cited by 1
Favaretto, S., Bertini, P., Plebani, G., et al. (2023) · Muscles Ligaments and Tendons Journal · doi:10.32098/mltj.04.2023.12 · Cited by 1
Keikhaee, R., Sanaat, Z., Mousavi, S., & Shaghaghi, A. (2023) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2023.2288712 · Cited by 1
Lasunin, N. V., Cherekaev, V. A., Abdullaev, A. N., et al. (2023) · Burdenko s Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.17116/neiro20238706133 · Cited by 1
Nguyen, K., Razzouk, J. A., Brandt, Z., et al. (2023) · Global Spine Journal · doi:10.1177/21925682231220043 · Cited by 1
Estimating individual health-related quality of life changes in low back pain patients
Hays, R. D., Reise, S. P., & Herman, P. M. (2023) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-023-07093-3 · Cited by 1
Gohmann, R. F., Schug, A., Pawelka, K., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1301619 · Cited by 1
FiO2 prediction formula during low flow oxygen therapy in an adult model: a bench study
Duprez, F., Mol, B., Lesire, B., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing · doi:10.1007/s10877-023-01109-y · Cited by 1
Sinkler, M. A., Morris, W. Z., Yuh, R. T., et al. (2024) · Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/23259671231223185 · Cited by 1
Su, H., Hong, L., Huang, M., et al. (2023) · Dentomaxillofacial Radiology · doi:10.1093/dmfr/twad005 · Cited by 1
Validity and reliability of linear encoder muscle power testing in persons with Parkinson's disease
Bonde-Jensen, F., Dalgas, U., Hvid, L. G., et al. (2024) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/02692155231224987 · Cited by 1
Wood, J. J., Danial, J. T., & Wolpe, S. (2024) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12449 · Cited by 1
Coherence of Parental Representations Following Therapy for Autistic Children
Vashi, N., Ibrahim, A., Pouyandeh, A., & Weiss, J. A. (2024) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-024-06252-2 · Cited by 3
van der Waarden, N. W. P. L., de Wolf, G. S., van Meerten, K. F., et al. (2024) · Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal · doi:10.1097/tme.0000000000000497 · Cited by 1
Chow, L. S., Paley, M. N. J., & Hickman, S. J. (2024) · International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology · doi:10.1002/ima.23030 · Cited by 1
Too close for comfort? Social distance and emotion perception in remitted bipolar I disorder
Gruber, J., Fischer, J., Page‐Gould, E., & Johnson, S. L. (2024) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.2024.43.1.1 · Cited by 1
Oker, A., Laraki, Y., Anders, R., Fongaro, E., Capdevielle, D., & Raffard, S. (2024) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.010 · Cited by 1
Manoel, I. D. S., Resende, M., Sousa, P. H. A., da Rosa, S. D. V. F., & Cirillo, M. Â. (2023) · Acta Scientiarum. Technology/Acta scientiarum. Technology · doi:10.4025/actascitechnol.v46i1.59135 · Cited by 1
Silbiger, J. J., Tunovic, S., Chen, H., et al. (2024) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.02.020 · Cited by 1
Nayak, R., Razzouk, J. A., Ramos, O., et al. (2024) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-023-08017-4 · Cited by 1
Fan, M., Liu, A., Lu, T., Zhou, X., Tian, C., Liu, B., Xie, Q., Cai, J., Yin, L., Ge, L., et al. (2024) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-024-02503-6 · Cited by 2
Uysal, S. A., Kabak, V. Y., Keser, İ., et al. (2024) · Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.15437/jetr.1092309 · Cited by 1
“Stuck in the middle”: the missing lumbosacral link in total hip arthroplasty
Scanlon, C. M., Christensen, T. H., Bieganowski, T., et al. (2024) · Hip International · doi:10.1177/11207000231223706 · Cited by 1
Razaob, N., Yee, L., Sfi, S., Nazrulazmi, N., Mohamadsaufe, S., & Ying, T. (2024) · Medicine & Health · doi:10.17576/mh.2024.1901.19 · Cited by 1
Assessing radiomic feature robustness using agreement over image perturbation
Shaikh, A., Deutsch, I., Shenouda, M., et al. (2024) · SPIE Medical Imaging: Computer-Aided Diagnosis · doi:10.1117/12.3006291 · Cited by 1
Hamada, I., Yukutake, Y., Morita, Y., et al. (2024) · The Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1346-8138.17220 · Cited by 1
Molyneux, P., Carroll, M., Bowen, P. C., et al. (2024) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.127 · Cited by 1
Britton, P. C., Karras, E., Stecker, T. A., Klein, J. M., Crasta, D. J., Brenner, L. A., & Pigeon, W. R. (2024) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.13086 · Cited by 1
Özata, C., & Kalyoncu, N. (2024) · Sinop Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi · doi:10.30561/sinopusd.1402401 · Cited by 1
Usefulness of multiple bioabsorbable Mg screws/K‑wires for comminuted radial head fractures
Min, S., Lee, S. H., Ga, I. H., et al. (2024) · International Orthopaedics · doi:10.1007/s00264-024-06208-2 · Cited by 1
Karimian, R., Burton, K. A., Naghizadeh, M. M., et al. (2024) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2024.102979 · Cited by 1
Competing Models of Personality Disorder: Relations With Psychosocial Functioning
Ro, E., Nuzum, H., & Clark, L. A. (2024) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911241253409 · Cited by 1
Orji, F. A., Gutiérrez, F. J., & Vassileva, J. (2024) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-60609-0_4 · Cited by 1
Borba, D. B. D. M., Fialho, T., de Oliveira, R. C. G., et al. (2024) · Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2024.06.006 · Cited by 1
Santos, F. R. A., Macêdo, A. S., de Oliveira, L. R., et al. (2024) · Research on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s42600-024-00357-4 · Cited by 1
Fitian, A. I., Shieh, M., Gimnich, O. A., Belousova, T., Taylor, A. A., Ballantyne, C. M., Bismuth, J. X., Shah, D. J., & Brunner, G. (2024) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd11060181 · Cited by 1
Validation of Yeo’s index in assessing severity of rheumatic mitral stenosis in mixed valve lesions
Leow, R., Li, T. Y., Kong, W. K. F., et al. (2024) · IJC Heart & Vasculature · doi:10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101447 · Cited by 1
Takemoto, Y., Ito, D., Komori, S., Kishimoto, Y., Yamada, S., Hashizume, A., Katsuno, M., & Nakatochi, M. (2024) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/s12859-024-05840-4 · Cited by 1
Shenoy, R., Nickels, L., & Krishnan, G. (2024) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-024-02439-8 · Cited by 1
Yi, T. H., & Lee, J. H. (2024) · Laboratory Medicine Online · doi:10.47429/lmo.2024.14.3.218 · Cited by 1
Resting-state fMRI and population neuroscience: Progresses and guidelines for reliability research
Luo, W., Luo, C., Yan, Z., Wang, Y., & Zuo, X. (2024) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2024-0204 · Cited by 1
Min, J. J., Kwon, S.-S., Youn, K., et al. (2024) · BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12891-024-07566-z · Cited by 1
Inter-rater reliability of auditory brainstem response waveforms elicited by complex stimuli
Johnson, C., & White, J. D. (2024) · Hearing Balance and Communication · doi:10.4103/hbc.hbc_4_23 · Cited by 1
Chaniaud, N., & Loup‐Escande, É. (2024) · Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science · doi:10.1080/1463922x.2024.2381452 · Cited by 1
Gunaldo, T. P., Lockeman, K. S., Matulewicz, A. T., et al. (2024) · Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice · doi:10.1016/j.xjep.2024.100722 · Cited by 1
An Innovative Virtual Reality System for Measuring Refractive Error
Huang, C., Lin, C.-N., Chen, S.-T., Kuo, H., & Sun, H. (2024) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics14151633 · Cited by 1
Smaragdi, A., Schwarz, L., Austevik, T. J., Walsh, M., Webster, C., & Augimeri, L. K. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107824 · Cited by 1
Kinkaid, M., Fuhrer, R., McGowan, S., & Malla, A. (2024) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-024-02703-4 · Cited by 1
Shin, D., Brandt, Z., Oliinik, M., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons · doi:10.5435/jaaos-d-24-00425 · Cited by 1
Jia, F., Zhang, Y., & van Knippenberg, D. (2024) · Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.1007/s40647-024-00424-1 · Cited by 1
Interrater and Intrarater Reliability Studies
Fabricant, P. D. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-58380-3_14 · Cited by 1
Boureau, A., Anger, S., Cornu, C., Mathieu, M., Berrut, G., & Nordez, A. (2024) · Ultrasound Quarterly · doi:10.1097/ruq.0000000000000688 · Cited by 1
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the German Version of the Upper Limb Functional Index
Ortega-Castillo, M., Vargas, A. I. C., Melloh, M., & Trinidad‐Fernández, M. (2024) · Journal of Sport Rehabilitation · doi:10.1123/jsr.2023-0342 · Cited by 2
Scurich, N., Angel, M., Stern, H. S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Forensic Sciences · doi:10.1111/1556-4029.15605 · Cited by 1
Assessment of EV Adoption Perspectives A High Level Analysis of STEEP Perspectives
Yıldız, B. (2024) · Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET) · doi:10.23919/picmet64035.2024.10653425 · Cited by 1
Central and Peripheral Physiological Responses to Decision Making in Hoarding Disorder
Levy, H. C., Naples, A. J., Collett, S., McPartland, J. C., & Tolin, D. F. (2023) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112437 · Cited by 1
Yu, Y., & Xu, C. (2024) · Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine · doi:10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_95_24 · Cited by 1
Initial Development of the Child Responsiveness Scale for Early Childhood Settings
McLeod, B. D., Sutherland, K. S., Broda, M. D., Granger, K. L., Hollins, N. A., Frey, A. J., Markowicz, K. A., & Dear, E. R. (2024) · Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/10634266241271392 · Cited by 1
The FeetMe® Insoles System: Repeatability, Standard Error of Measure, and Responsiveness
Martin, N., Leboeuf, F., & Pradon, D. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24186043 · Cited by 1
Developing and assessing brief questionnaire measurements of political media and discussion
Long, J. A. (2024) · Communication Research Reports · doi:10.1080/08824096.2024.2407598 · Cited by 1
The repeatability of a cycling exercise-heat stress test in a male population
Shaw, J., Cole, E., Simpson, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Thermal Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103983 · Cited by 1
Nogueira, C. Q., Cotrin, P., Freitas, D. S., et al. (2024) · Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research · doi:10.1111/ocr.12861 · Cited by 1
Vocal Characteristics of Children With Cerebral Palsy and Anarthria
Long, H. L., & Hustad, K. C. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-24-00317 · Cited by 1
Yılmaz, İ., & BARAN, Z. (2024) · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103862 · Cited by 1
Reliability of a novel neck external loading dynamometer
Julià, M., Damm, L., Pla, S., Micallef, J., Dupeyron, A., & Perrey, S. (2024) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112400 · Cited by 1
Canalini, L., Becker, E. G., Risch, F., Bette, S. J., Hellbrueck, S., Becker, J., Rippel, K., Scheurig‐Muenkler, C., Kröncke, T. J., & Decker, J. A. (2024) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics14222483 · Cited by 1
A Practical Study of Generative AI Tools for Higher Education Innovative Transformation
Borer, D., Hackenberg, E., McIntosh, N., Lane, A., & Thanh, B. N. (2024) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83549-486-820241003 · Cited by 4
Vales, C., Branson, Z., & Fisher, A. V. (2024) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.2560 · Cited by 1
Tolzman, J., Collins, K. A., Grozier, C. D., Keen, M., Fajardo, R. S., Kuenze, C. M., & Harkey, M. S. (2024) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.12.017 · Cited by 1
A Novel Technique With Buttress Plating for Comminuted Base Fractures of the Proximal Phalanx
Min, S., Nho, J. H., Ga, I. H., et al. (2024) · Annals of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1097/sap.0000000000004181 · Cited by 1
Hoffeld, K., Wahlers, C., Hockmann, J. P., et al. (2025) · Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics · doi:10.1002/jeo2.70094 · Cited by 1
de Azevedo, J. R. L., Rosenfeld, D. L., & Costa, T. M. B. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-07243-3 · Cited by 1
Refinement of personality measures in European minks: Effect of sex, age and maternal factors
Ortiz‐Jiménez, L., Fernández‐Lázaro, G., Latorre, R., & Barja, I. (2025) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2025.106520 · Cited by 1
Ventura, L., Martinez, G., Morrone, M., Boi, A., Meloni, M., Perroni, F., Donadu, M. G., Deriu, F., & Manca, A. (2025) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.24.16556-5 · Cited by 1
Ponds, N. H. M., Raats, J., Brameier, D. T., Schuijt, H. J., van der Velde, D., & Weaver, M. J. (2025) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2025.112163 · Cited by 1
Emotional Movement Kinematics Guide Twelve‐Month‐Olds’ Visual, but Not Manual, Exploration
Rutkowska, J. M., Mermier, J., Meyer, M., Bulf, H., Turati, C., & Hunnius, S. (2025) · Infancy · doi:10.1111/infa.70000 · Cited by 1
Serrano, D., Uzumcu, A., Gerstein, M., Ayasse, N. D., Engstrom, E., Barnes, F. B., Iaconangelo, C., Thorat, T., McGarry, L. J., & Sermet‐Gaudelus, I. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0317775 · Cited by 1
Fractal complexity of spontaneous brain activity and the effect of scanning parameters
Guan, S., Meng, C., & Biswal, B. B. (2025) · Advances in Continuous and Discrete Models · doi:10.1186/s13662-025-03910-2 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Shrout, P. E., & Fleiss, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Shrout, Patrick E.
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 1979
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 420-428
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2141403362
- Cited by
- 24,532
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1452 · 2025: 1085 · 2024: 998 · 2023: 1023 · 2022: 1083 · 2021: 1379 · 2020: 1189 · 2019: 1116 · 2018: 1178 · 2017: 1113 · 2016: 1106 · 2015: 1057 · 2014: 1172 · 2013: 1044 · 2012: 914
- FWCI
- 13.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Multidisciplinary Science and Engineering Research
- Keywords
- intraclass correlation coefficient, rater reliability, inter-rater reliability, reliability coefficients, confidence intervals, multiple raters
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Models, Statistical
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
