The trouble with levels: A reexamination of Craik and Lockhart's framework for memory research.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
Analysis of rehearsal processes in free recall.
Rundus, D. (1971) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0031185 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Repetition and depth of processing
Nelson, T. O. (1977) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(77)80044-3 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
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Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences.
Zajonc, R. B. (1980) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.35.2.151 · Cited by 8,094 · see citing works
Knowledge of results and motor learning: A review and critical reappraisal.
Salmoni, A. W., Schmidt, R. A., & Walter, C. B. (1984) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.355 · Cited by 1,438 · see citing works
Mental imagery in emotion and emotional disorders
Holmes, E. A., & Mathews, A. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.01.001 · Cited by 976 · see citing works
Some empirical evidence for the involvement load hypothesis in vocabulary acquisition
Hulstijn, J. H., & Laufer, B. (2001) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/0023-8333.00164 · Cited by 819 · see citing works
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING: AN INFORMATION‐PROCESSING PERSPECTIVE<sup>1</sup>
McLaughlin, B., Rossman, T., & McLeod, B. (1983) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1983.tb00532.x · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Elaborative retrieval: Do semantic mediators improve memory?
Lehman, M., & Karpicke, J. D. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/xlm0000267 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baddeley, A. D.
- Corresponding author
- Baddeley, Alan D.
- ORCID
- Baddeley, Alan D.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1978-05
- Volume
- 85
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 139-152
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W2018920219
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 16.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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