Cited by 490Motor Control and AdaptationSport Psychology and PerformanceNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The problems of flexibility, fluency, and speed-accuracy trade-off in skilled behavior

MacKay, Donald G.·1982·Psychological Review

DOI 10.1037/0033-295x.89.5.483

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/0033-295x.89.5.483

Cites

25 of 25 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

A schema theory of discrete motor skill learning.
Schmidt, R. A. (1975) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0076770 · Cited by 3,227
Mechanisms of skill acquisition and the law of practice
Newell, A., & Rosenbloom, P. S. (2018) · Figshare · doi:10.1184/r1/6607196 · Cited by 1,501
Mechanisms of skill acquisition and the law of practice
Newell, A., & Rosenbloom, P. S. (2018) · Figshare · doi:10.1184/r1/6607199.v1 · Cited by 1,365
Theories of learning.
Hilgard, E. R. (1948) · Appleton-Century-Crofts eBooks · doi:10.1037/10757-000 · Cited by 1,335
On the time relations of mental processes: An examination of systems of processes in cascade.
McClelland, J. L. (1979) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.86.4.287 · Cited by 1,298
Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals
Kline, L. W., & Thorndike, E. L. (1898) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1412682 · Cited by 1,105
The Organization of Action: A New Synthesis
Zeigler, H. P., & Gallistel, C. R. (1981) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422362 · Cited by 807
How adaptive behavior is produced: a perceptual-motivational alternative to response reinforcements
Bindra, D. (1978) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00059380 · Cited by 732
A THEORY OF THE ACQUISITION OF SPEED-SKILL∗
CROSSMAN, E. R. F. W. (1959) · Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/00140135908930419 · Cited by 517
Errors in linguistic performance : Slips of the tongue, ear, pen, and hand. Edited by Victoria A. Fromkin. New York: Academic Press, 1981. Pp. x, 334. $26.50.
Peters, A. M. (1983) · Language · doi:10.2307/413970 · Cited by 473

Show all 24 references

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 486

Influence of Sex, Presentation Order, and Trial Blocks on Young Adults' Simple and Type-C Reaction Times
Lock, L. K., & Berger, R. A. (1993) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1993.76.3c.1199 · Cited by 13
Analysis of Repair Distribution, Error Correction Rates And Repair Successfulness In L2*
Kovač, M. M., & Milatović, B. (2012) · Studia Linguistica · doi:10.1111/stul.12000 · Cited by 12
Recitation as a structured intervention to enhance the long-term verbatim retention and gist recall of complex texts in kindergarteners
Eghbaria-Ghanamah, H., Ghanamah, R., Shalhoub‐Awwad, Y., & Karni, A. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2020.105054 · Cited by 12
Repeated attempts, phonetic errors, and syllabifications in a case study:Evidence of impaired transfer from phonology to articulatory planning
Ramoo, D., Olson, A., & Romani, C. (2021) · Aphasiology · doi:10.1080/02687038.2021.1881349 · Cited by 12
PSYCHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND PRACTICE EFFECTS OF THE BRUNSWICK TRAIL MAKING TEST
Kopp, B., Rösser, N., & Wessel, K. (2008) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.107.3.707-733 · Cited by 12
Classic motor chunking theory fails to account for behavioural diversity and speed in a complex naturalistic task
Thompson, J. J., McColeman, C. M., Blair, M. R., & Henrey, A. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218251 · Cited by 18
Semantic effects on word naming in children with developmental dyslexia
Hennessey, N. W., Deadman, A., & Williams, C. J. (2010) · Journal of Research in Reading · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9817.2010.01458.x · Cited by 12
The Effect of Context on Training: Is Learning Situated?
Reder, L. M., & Klatzky, R. L. (1994) · Cited by 12
Complexity Effects on Temporal Characteristics of Speech
Greene, J. O., & Ravizza, S. M. (1995) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1995.tb00352.x · Cited by 12
Error-Minimizing Mechanisms Boosting or Editing?
Mattson, M. E., & Baars, B. J. (1992) · Cited by 12
The Sound of One Mind Working: Memory Retrieval and Response Preparation as Components of Pausing in Spontaneous Speech
Greene, J. O., Smith, S. W., Smith, R. C., & Cashion, J. L. (1987) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.1987.11678647 · Cited by 12
Modularity of Sequence Learning Systems in Humans
Keele, S. W., & Curran, T. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-1919-5_9 · Cited by 12
Processing of proper names in Mandarin Chinese : a behavioral and neuroimaging study
Yen, H.-L. (2006) · Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) · Cited by 12
Working Memory Capacity and Self-Repair Behavior in First and Second Language Oral Production
Mojavezi, A., & Ahmadian, M. J. (2013) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-013-9253-7 · Cited by 11
Explicit versus Implicit Instruction: Which Is Preferable for Learning an Artificial Morphological Rule in Children?
Ferman, S., & Karni, A. (2014) · Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica · doi:10.1159/000363135 · Cited by 11
Decomposition as a Complex‐Skill Acquisition Strategy in Management Education: A Case Study in Business Forecasting
Adya, M. P., Lusk, E. J., & Balhadjali, M. (2009) · Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4609.2008.00199.x · Cited by 11
Understanding cognitive development: automaticity and the early years child
Gray, C. (2004) · Child Care in Practice · doi:10.1080/1357527042000188070 · Cited by 11
Prevalence and Profile of Phonological and Surface Subgroups in College Students With a History of Reading Disability
Birch, S. L. (2014) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/0022219414554007 · Cited by 11
AUTOMATIC ACCESS TO WORD SOUNDS AND MEANING IN DECODING WRITTEN TEXT
Näslund, J. C., & Samuels, S. J. (1992) · Reading & Writing Quarterly · doi:10.1080/0748763920080202 · Cited by 11
Practice Effects on Speech Production Planning: Evidence from Slips of the Tongue in Spontaneous vs. Preplanned Speech in Japanese
Kawachi, K. (2002) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1023/a:1019569724949 · Cited by 11
The effects of discourse support on the organization and production of children's utterances
Streim, N. W., & Chapman, R. S. (1987) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716400000060 · Cited by 11
Communication anxiety and signing effectiveness: Testing an interference model among deaf communicators
Booth‐Butterfield, M., & Booth‐Butterfield, S. (1994) · Journal of Applied Communication Research · doi:10.1080/00909889409365402 · Cited by 11
Imagery and Skill Acquisition
Annett, J. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1391-2_24 · Cited by 11
Chunking as a rational solution to the speed–accuracy trade-off in a serial reaction time task
Wu, S., Éltető, N., Dasgupta, I., & Schulz, E. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-31500-3 · Cited by 12
Evaluation of complex and dynamic safety tasks in human learning using the ACT-R and SOAR skill acquisition theories
Oyewole, S. A., Farde, A., Haight, J. M., & Okareh, O. T. (2011) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.05.005 · Cited by 11
Supra‐normal age‐linked retrograde amnesia: Lessons from an older amnesic (H.M.)
MacKay, D. G., & Hadley, C. B. (2008) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20531 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Is Speed a Desirable Difficulty for Learning Procedures? An Initial Exploration of the Effects of Chronometric Pressure
Gas, B. L., Buckarma, E. H., Cook, D. A., Farley, D. R., & Pusic, M. V. (2018) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000002167 · Cited by 10
Error-Minimizing Mechanisms
Mattson, M. E., & Baars, B. J. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1164-3_11 · Cited by 10
A structural account of phonological paraphasias
Berg, T. (2005) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.12.003 · Cited by 10
Formal Modeling in Research on Episodic Memory and Aging
Spaniol, J., & Bayen, U. J. (2004) · Cited by 10
Human Error: Trick or Treat?
Hollnagel, E. (2007) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713181.ch9 · Cited by 10
A Theory of the Representation and Enactment of Intentions
MacKay, D. G. (1983) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61993-7 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Attention Limitation and Learning in Physiotherapy
Roskell, C., & Cross, V. (1998) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/s0031-9406(05)66508-x · Cited by 9
Accès aux représentations sémantiques et phonologiques chez des adultes jeunes et âgés : une étude des mots sur le bout de la langue
Dorot, D., & Mathey, S. (2012) · Psychologie Française · doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2012.06.002 · Cited by 9
Adapting the task-taxon-task methodology to model the impact of chemical protective gear
Mueller, S. T., Simpkins, B. G., Anno, G. H., Fallon, C. K., Price, O. T., & McClellan, G. E. (2011) · Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory · doi:10.1007/s10588-011-9093-7 · Cited by 9
Chapter 5 Representational issues in motor learning: Phenomena and theory
(1996) · Handbook of perception and action · doi:10.1016/s1874-5822(06)80008-3 · Cited by 13
The Independence of Response Structure and Element Production in Timing Sequences
Shea, C. H., & Park, J.-H. (2003) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2003.10609111 · Cited by 9
Operant conditioning in motor and neural integration
Wetzel, M. C. (1986) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(86)90004-7 · Cited by 10
Relationships and modules within language perception and production: An introduction
MacKay, D. G., Allport, A., Prinz, W., & Scheerer, E. (1987) · Max Planck Digital Library · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Contrasting conceptions of perception and action
EPSTEIN, W. M. (1986) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/0001-6918(86)90058-2 · Cited by 9
Effects of biscriptuality on graphomotor coordination dynamics.
Alhaddad, G., Danna, J., Younes-Harb, C., Velay, J., & Longcamp, M. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/xhp0001075 · Cited by 8
Practice reshapes the geometry and dynamics of task-tailored representations
Kikumoto, A., Shibata, K., Nishio, T., & Badre, D. (2025) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaf125 · Cited by 8
Investigating Executive Working Memory and Phonological Short-Term Memory in Relation to Fluency and Self-Repair Behavior in L2 Speech
Georgiadou, E., & Roehr‐Brackin, K. (2016) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-016-9463-x · Cited by 8
Speech serial control in healthy speakers and speakers with hypokinetic or ataxic dysarthria: effects of sequence length and practice
Reilly, K. J., & Spencer, K. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00665 · Cited by 8
Timing-Dependent Priming Effects of Anodal tDCS on Two-Hand Coordination
Azarpaikan, A., Taheri, H. R., Sohrabi, M., Boostani, R., & Ghoshoni, M. (2019) · Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000250 · Cited by 8
Effector Transfer
Shea, C. H., Panzer, S., & Kennedy, D. M. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801426-4.00009-2 · Cited by 8
Cross-language facilitation, semantic blindness, and the relation between language and memory: A reply to Altarriba and Soltano
MacKay, D. G., Abrams, L., Pedroza, M. J., & Miller, M. D. (1996) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03201096 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
The Coordination of Bimanual Synchronous and Alternating Tapping Sequences
Glencross, D. J., Piek, J. P., & Barrett, N. C. (1995) · Journal of Motor Behavior · doi:10.1080/00222895.1995.9941695 · Cited by 8
Time Distribution and the Acquisition of English as a Foreign Language
Serrano, R. (2007) · Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · Cited by 8
Slips of the tongue and language production . Edited by Anne Cutler. (Linguistics 19:7–8.) Berlin: Mouton, 1982. Pp. 293. DM 40.00
MacKay, D. G., & Kempler, D. (1984) · Language · doi:10.2307/413654 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
Evolution of vocal control in echolocating bats
Chen, S., Yovel, Y., Moss, C. F., & Luo, J. (2025) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1002/brv.70122 · Cited by 7
Influence of conventional driving habits on takeover performance in joystick-controlled autonomous vehicles: A low-speed field experiment
Shi-jian, H., Liu, X., Jie, W., Ge, H., Long, K., & Huang, H. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31975 · Cited by 7
The Function of Automaticity in Counselor Information Processing
Patterson, L. E. (1988) · Counselor Education and Supervision · doi:10.1002/j.1556-6978.1988.tb00758.x · Cited by 7
Who is or was E. R. F. W. Crossman, the champion of the Power Law of Learning and the developer of an influential model of aiming?
Rosenbaum, D. Α., & Janczyk, M. (2019) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-019-01583-z · Cited by 7
Deficits in Explicit Language Problem Solving Rather Than in Implicit Learning in Specific Language Impairment: Evidence From Learning an Artificial Morphological Rule
Ferman, S., Kishon‐Rabin, L., Ganot-Budaga, H., & Karni, A. (2019) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-17-0140 · Cited by 7
Does Practice Make Perfect? The Contrasting Effects of Repeated Practice on Creativity
Brucks, M. S., & Huang, S. (2020) · Journal of the Association for Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/709174 · Cited by 8
A connectionist view of language production
Eikmeyer, H.-J., Schade, U., Kupietz, M., & Laubenstein, U. (1999) · Deutscher Universitätsverlag eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-322-99290-1_8 · Cited by 7
The Impact of Wiki-based Collaborative Writing on English L2 Learners' Individual Writing Development
Caruso, G. (2014) · doi:10.15760/etd.2003 · Cited by 11
Perceptual-Motor Processing in Speech
Gordon, P. C. (1990) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61230-3 · Cited by 7
Sensory-motor equivalence: manual aiming in C6 tetraplegics following musculotendinous transfer surgery at the elbow
Robinson, M. A., Hayes, S. J., Bennett, S. J., Barton, G., & Elliott, D. (2010) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2400-6 · Cited by 6
Combined low-frequency brain oscillatory activity and behavior predict future errors in human motor skill
Iwane, F., Dash, D., Salamanca-Giron, R., Hayward, W., Bönstrup, M., Buch, E. R., & Cohen, L. G. (2023) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.040 · Cited by 6
Transfer of training and its effect on learning curves
Speelman, G. P., & Kirsner, K. (2006) · Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology · doi:10.20982/tqmp.02.2.p052 · Cited by 6
Investigating the Declarative-Procedural Gap for the Indirect Speech Construction in L2 Learners
Chen, Z., & Caldwell‐Harris, C. L. (2019) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/s10936-019-09645-y · Cited by 6
Isoluminant stimuli in a familiar discrete keying sequence task can be ignored
Verwey, W. B. (2019) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-019-01277-0 · Cited by 6
The sensitivity of Cue utilization when learning to operate a visual line of sight multi-rotor remotely piloted aircraft
Renshaw, P. F., & Wiggins, M. W. (2020) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2020.102953 · Cited by 6
A multi-representation approach to the contextual interference effect: effects of sequence length and practice
Verwey, W. B., Wright, D. L., & Immink, M. A. (2021) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-021-01543-0 · Cited by 6
Novel stress phonotactics are learnable by English speakers: Novel tone phonotactics are not
Bian, Y., & Dell, G. S. (2019) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-019-01000-9 · Cited by 6
Adult acquisition of message‐production skill
Greene, J. O., Sassi, M. S., Malek‐Madani, T. L., & Edwards, C. N. (1997) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637759709376416 · Cited by 6
Potential and limits of executive control training : age differences in the near and far transfer of task-switching training
Karbach, J. (2008) · doi:10.22028/d291-23295 · Cited by 6
Ability-performance relations during skill acquisition
Langan‐Fox, J., Waycott, J., & Galna, C. (1997) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050069708257374 · Cited by 6
The presence, nature and role of formulaic sequences in English advanced learners of French: a longitudinal study
Cordier, C. (2013) · Cited by 6
Are all changes equal? Comparing early and late changes in sequence learning
Ganor-Stern, D., Plonsker, R., Perlman, A., & Tzelgov, J. (2013) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2013.06.001 · Cited by 5
The Simon effect in a discrete sequence production task: Key-specific stimuli cannot be ignored due to attentional capture
Verwey, W. B., Wright, D. L., & Lubbe, R. H. J. V. D. (2020) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103044 · Cited by 5
4 Cross-language facilitation, repetition blindness, and the relation between language and memory: Replications of Altarriba and Soltano (1996) and support for a new theory
MacKay, D., James, L. E., & Abrams, L. (2002) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(02)80007-3 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
On the analogical modelling of the English past-tense: A critical assessment
Matthews, C. A. (2013) · Lingua · doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2013.04.002 · Cited by 6
On Thinking and Doing: Cognitive Science and the Production of Social Behaviour
Greene, J. O., & Cody, M. J. (1985) · Journal of Language and Social Psychology · doi:10.1177/0261927x8543001 · Cited by 5
Syntactic, semantic, and rhythmic influences on children's and adults' motor programming of speech
Abbeduto, L. (1987) · Journal of Psycholinguistic Research · doi:10.1007/bf01067542 · Cited by 5
Modeling adaptation behavior to driving simulators and effect of experimental practice on research validity
Sahami, S. (2011) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0063027 · Cited by 5
Laboratory Induction of Nonspeech Action Errors
Mattson, M. E., & Baars, B. J. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1164-3_7 · Cited by 5
A systematic review of the relationships amongst older adults’ cognitive and motor speech abilities
Manderson, L., Krzeczkowska, A., Kuschmann, A., Lowit, A., & Brown, L. A. (2025) · Journal of Communication Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2025.106510 · Cited by 4
Structural Facilitation of Movement Sequence Planning
Semjén, A., & Gottsdanker, R. M. (1991) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3626-6_32 · Cited by 4
Monolingual and bilingual children’s performance on arithmetic fluency varies by language fluency
Atagi, N., & Sandhofer, C. M. (2023) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105695 · Cited by 4
Connecting Theory and Design Through Research: Cognitive Skills Training Games
Plass, J. L., Homer, B. D., Pawar, S. S., & Tam, F. (2018) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02762-9_15 · Cited by 7
Procedural and Declarative Memory in the Acquisition of Morphological Knowledge: A Model for Second Language Acquisition in Adults
Ferman, S., & Karni, A. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2327-6_10 · Cited by 4
Motor Learning Cannot Explain Stuttering Adaptation
Venkatagiri, H. S., Nataraja, N. P., & Deepthi, M. (2013) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/25.23.pms.117x16z4 · Cited by 4
The effect of handedness on spatial and motor representation of pitch patterns in pianists
Smit, E. A., & Sadakata, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0195831 · Cited by 4
Still searching for effective criticism inoculation procedures: An example of the value of replication and process analyses in applied sport psychology research
Kirschenbaum, D. S., & Wittrock, D. A. (1990) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413209008406428 · Cited by 4
Factors affecting performance proficiency : a case study involving intermediate piano students
Lammers, W. (2006) · Cited by 3
El papel de la sílaba y de la rima en producción del lenguaje: evidencia desde los errores del habla en español
Palma, N. G., Palma, A., & Santiago, J. (2003) · Cited by 3
Qualitative and Quantitative Measures of Second Language Writing: Potential Outcomes of Informal Target Language Learning Abroad
Brown, N. A., Solovieva, R. V., & Eggett, D. L. (2011) · Foreign Language Annals · doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.2010.01119.x · Cited by 3
Separating Speed from Automaticity in a Patient with Focal Brain Atrophy
Wingfield, A., Goodglass, H., & Lindfield, K. C. (1997) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00420.x · Cited by 3
Turtles all the way down? Psychometric approaches to the reduction problem
Kievit, R. (2014) · UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) · Cited by 3
Discussion: Programming and Coordination
Annett, J. (1988) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)60619-6 · Cited by 3
Quantitative Approaches to Skill Acquisition in Choice Tasks
Brown, S. D. (2003) · Cited by 3
Übung
Heuer, H. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-37637-2_12 · Cited by 3
The neural basis of cognitive processing: A review and a speculative architecture
Verwey, W. B. (2025) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106351 · Cited by 4
The self-prioritization effect in 9- to 11-year-old children: The different roles of explicit and implicit self-esteem
Tan, H., & Li, X. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105713 · Cited by 2
Differences in biological motion perception associated with hearing status and age of signed language exposure.
Willis, A. S., Leannah, C., Schwenk, M., Palagano, J., & Quandt, L. C. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0001635 · Cited by 2
Intelligent speed control technology for older drivers
Guo, A., Blythe, P. T., Pavkova, K., & Brennan, D. (2012) · International Conference on Road Transport Information and Control (RTIC) · doi:10.1049/cp.2012.1554 · Cited by 2
Interlanguage Theory and Emergentism: Reconciliation in Second Language Developmental Index Studies
Wang, W. (2009) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v2n1p31 · Cited by 2

Authors: MacKay, D. G.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author: MacKay, Donald G.
ORCID: MacKay, Donald G.
Venue: Psychological Review
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1982-09
Volume: 89
Issue: 5
Pages: 483-506
ISSN: 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
1939-1471
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.89.5.483
OpenAlex: W1998688911
Cited by: 490
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 5.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: flexibility, fluency, speed-accuracy trade-off, motor learning, motor control

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

The problems of flexibility, fluency, and speed-accuracy trade-off in skilled behavior

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks