The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Heroin addicts have higher discount rates for delayed rewards than non-drug-using controls.
Abstract
Fifty-six heroin addicts and 60 age-matched controls were offered choices between monetary rewards ($11-$80) available immediately and larger rewards ($25-$85) available after delays ranging from 1 week to 6 months. Participants had a 1-in-6 chance of winning a reward that they chose on one randomly selected trial. Delay-discounting rates were estimated from the pattern of participants' choices. The discounting model of impulsiveness (Ainslie, 1975) implies that delay-discounting rates are positively correlated with impulsiveness. On average, heroin addicts' discount rates were twice those of controls (p = .004), and discount rates were positively correlated with impulsivity as measured by self-report questionnaires (p < .05). The results lend external validity to the delay-discounting rate as a measure of impulsiveness, a characteristic associated with substance abuse.
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In the citing paper
“We used a widely adopted choice set designed to capture a broad range of discount rates31–37.”
From Temporal discounting predicts procrastination in the real world (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
In the citing paper
“individuals who suffer from reinforcement pathologies discount delayed rewards more than matched controls.”
From The behavioral economics and neuroeconomics of reinforcer pathologies: implications for etiology and treatment of addiction (2011) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“those affected by reinforcement pathologies discount their pathological reinforcer to a greater extent than they discount other commodities.”
From The behavioral economics and neuroeconomics of reinforcer pathologies: implications for etiology and treatment of addiction (2011) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Because elevated discounting rates are associated with drug abuse [15, 22, 25–30, 32]”
From The behavioral economics and neuroeconomics of reinforcer pathologies: implications for etiology and treatment of addiction (2011) · cites this paper as [22]
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Time Discounting and Time Preference: A Critical Review
Frederick, S., Loewenstein, G., & O’Donoghue, T. (2002) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/002205102320161311 · Cited by 6,106
Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity
Moeller, F. G., Barratt, E. S., Dougherty, D. M., Schmitz, J. M., & Swann, A. C. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1783 · Cited by 2,747
Self-discipline outdoes IQ in predicting academic performance of adolescents.
Duckworth, A. L., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01641.x · Cited by 2,253
Inhibition and impulsivity: behavioral and neural basis of response control
Bari, A., & Robbins, T. W. (2013) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.06.005 · Cited by 1,921
A Discounting Framework for Choice With Delayed and Probabilistic Rewards.
Green, L., & Myerson, J. (2004) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.5.769 · Cited by 1,676
Metadata
- Authors
- Kirby, K. N., Petry, N. M., & Bickel, W. K.
- Affiliations
- Williams College (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 78-87
- ISSN
- 0096-3445 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2222
- OpenAlex
- W4234210156
- Cited by
- 2,171
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 69 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 104 · 2021: 127 · 2020: 159 · 2019: 114 · 2018: 123 · 2017: 124 · 2016: 126 · 2015: 115 · 2014: 103 · 2013: 116 · 2012: 116
- FWCI
- 9.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology General (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da006969-10)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32-DA-07242, 2R01DA069-69, R01 DA06969, T32DA007242)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- heroin addiction, drug addiction, delay discounting, delayed rewards, impulsivity, substance use disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Choice Behavior, Heroin Dependence, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Models, Psychological, Reward
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