Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The authors discuss the relationship of impulsivity to psychiatric disorders and present selected hypotheses regarding the reasons for these relationships. METHOD: Previous research has shown significantly higher levels of impulsivity among patients with conduct disorder, personality disorders, substance use disorders, and bipolar disorder, compared to other psychiatric patients or healthy comparison subjects. A literature review of the theoretical bases of the relationship between these disorders and impulsivity is presented. Measurements of impulsivity and treatment options are discussed in relation to the physiology of impulsivity and the disorders in which it is a prominent feature. RESULTS: Impulsivity, as defined on the basis of a biopsychosocial approach, is a key feature of several psychiatric disorders. Behavioral and pharmacological interventions that are effective for treating impulsivity should be incorporated into treatment plans for these disorders. CONCLUSIONS: The high comorbidity of impulsivity and selected psychiatric disorders, including personality disorders, substance use disorders, and bipolar disorder, is in a large part related to the association between impulsivity and the biological substrates of these disorders. Before treatment studies on impulsivity can move forward, measures of impulsivity that capture the core aspects of this behavior need to be refined and tested on the basis of an ideologically neutral model of impulsivity.
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Impulsive behavior is a key characteristic of several psychiatric conditions, including ADHD.
“Impulsive behavior is a key characteristic of several psychiatric conditions, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Moeller et al, 2001).”
From DAT1 and COMT effects on delay discounting and trait impulsivity in male adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls (2010) · cites this paper as Moeller et al, 2001
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“As one may deduce from the multiple impulsive symptoms listed above, there is no commonly accepted unitary definition of impulsivity in the clinical domain even though impulsivity is considered to be a diagnostic criterion for several psychiatric disorders (Moeller et al., 2001).”
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“Impulsivity is described as a predisposition to act rapidly and respond without adequate thought of the negative consequences to both internal and/or external stimuli, which may hamper long-term goals (Moeller et al., 2001).”
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Durability and generalizability of time-based intervention effects on impulsive choice in rats
Bailey, C., Peterson, J. R., Schnegelsiepen, A., Stuebing, S. L., & Kirkpatrick, K. (2018) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2018.03.003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Problematic Social Media Use and Impulsivity
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A comparison of delay discounting among substance users with and without suicide attempt history
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Impulsivity and Suicidal Behavior
Swann, A. C., Lijffijt, M., O’Brien, B., & Mathew, S. J. (2020) · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2020_144 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationImpulsivity influences food intake in women with generalized anxiety disorder
Fonseca, N. K. D. O. D., Molle, R. D., Costa, M. D. A., Gonçalves, F. G., Silva, A. C., Rodrigues, Y., Price, M., Silveira, P. P., & Manfro, G. G. (2020) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0556 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Moeller, F. G., Barratt, E. S., Dougherty, D. M., Schmitz, J. M., & Swann, A. C.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2001-11-01
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1783-1793
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2166344210
- Cited by
- 2,747
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 100 · 2025: 141 · 2024: 142 · 2023: 159 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 163 · 2020: 200 · 2019: 148 · 2018: 145 · 2017: 138 · 2016: 127 · 2015: 137 · 2014: 122 · 2013: 139 · 2012: 140
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01da008425-08)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-00403, DA08425)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- impulsivity, mental illness, conduct disorder, personality disorders, substance use disorders, bipolar disorder, impulsivity measurement, behavioral interventions, biopsychosocial model
- MeSH terms
- Antisocial Personality Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Evoked Potentials, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Personality Inventory, Psychotherapy, Antipsychotic Agents, Comorbidity, Substance-Related Disorders
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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