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Cited by 294Memory Processes and InfluencesMemory and Neural MechanismsCognitive Functions and Memory

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Memory and metamemory: a study of the feeling-of-knowing phenomenon in amnesic patients

Shimamura, Arthur P., Squire, Larry R.·1986·Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
DOI 10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.452
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Abstract

Accuracy of the feeling of knowing was tested in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, patients prescribed electroconvulsive therapy, four other cases of amnesia, and control subjects. In Experiment 1, we tested feeling-of-knowing accuracy for the answers to general information questions that could not be recalled. Subjects were asked to rank nonrecalled questions in terms of how likely they thought they would be able to recognize the answers and were then given a recognition test for these items. Only patients with Korsakoff's syndrome were impaired in making feeling-of-knowing predictions. The other amnesic patients were as accurate as control subjects in their feeling-of-knowing predictions. In Experiment 2, we replicated these findings in a sentence memory paradigm that tested newly learned information. The results showed that impaired metamemory is not an obligatory feature of amnesia, because amnesia can occur without detectable metamemory deficits. The impaired metamemory exhibited by patients with Korsakoff's syndrome reflects a cognitive impairment that is not typically observed in other forms of amnesia.

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Metadata

Authors
Shimamura, A. P., & Squire, L. R.
Affiliations
VA San Diego Healthcare System (US)
ORCID
Squire, Larry R.
Venue
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
1986-07
Volume
12
Issue
3
Pages
452-460
ISSN
  • 0278-7393 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1285
DOI
10.1037/0278-7393.12.3.452
OpenAlex
W2047386732
Cited by
294
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
FWCI
5.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (MH08992, MH24600)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords
feeling of knowing, metamemory, amnesia, Korsakoff syndrome, electroconvulsive therapy, recognition memory, memory confidence, sentence memory, general knowledge questions
MeSH terms
Adult, Alcohol Amnestic Disorder, Alcoholism, Amnesia, Awareness, Cognition, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Memory, Middle Aged, Mental Recall

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