An attention-based associative account of adjacent and nonadjacent dependency learning.
Abstract
In 5 experiments, results showed that when participants are faced with materials embedding relations between both adjacent and nonadjacent elements, they learn exclusively the type of relations they had to actively process in order to meet the task demands, irrespective of the spatial contiguity of the paired elements. These results are consonant with current theories positing that attention is a necessary condition for learning. More important, the results provide support for a more radical conception, in which the joint attentional processing of 2 events is also a sufficient condition for learning the relation between them. The well-documented effect of contiguity could be a by-product of the fact that attention generally focuses on contiguous events. This reappraisal considerably extends the scope of approaches based on associative or statistical processes.
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Non-adjacent contingencies are harder to learn than adjacent ones because attention is easier to focus on contiguous events.
“According to Pacton and Perruchet (2008), the reason why non-adjacent contingencies are typically harder to learn than adjacent contingencies is because it is easier to focus attention on contiguous events than non-contiguous events.”
From A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing (2011) · cites this paper as Pacton and Perruchet, 2008
Attention is a critical factor in learning dependencies among elements.
“Recent research suggests that attention might be a critical factor in learning dependencies among elements (e.g., Pacton and Perruchet, 2008; see Le Pelley, 2010, for a review of the evidence).”
From A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing (2011) · cites this paper as Pacton and Perruchet, 2008
Cites
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Distributional Information: A Powerful Cue for Acquiring Syntactic Categories
Redington, M., Chater, N., & Finch, S. (1998) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog2204_2 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
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Turk-Browne, N. B., Scholl, B. J., Chun, M. M., & Johnson, M. K. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2009.21131 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
A Dual-Route Approach to Orthographic Processing
Grainger, J., & Ziegler, J. C. (2011) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00054 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Using prediction markets to estimate the reproducibility of scientific research
Dreber, A., Pfeiffer, T., Almenberg, J., Isaksson, S., Wilson, B., Chen, Y., Nosek, B. A., & Johannesson, M. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1516179112 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Rapid extraction of auditory feature contingencies
Bendixen, A., Prinz, W., Horváth, J., Trujillo-Barreto, N. J., & Schröger, E. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.03.040 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pacton, S., & Perruchet, P.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Pacton, Sébastien
- ORCID
- Perruchet, Pierre
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 80-96
- ISSN
- 0278-7393 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1285
- OpenAlex
- W3021194562
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique (2987; 5022)
- Université Paris Descartes
- Université de Bourgogne
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
- Keywords
- attention, associative learning, spatial contiguity, non-adjacent dependencies, joint attention, attentional processes, statistical learning, serial learning
- MeSH terms
- Association Learning, Attention, Field Dependence-Independence, Humans, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Problem Solving, Reproducibility of Results
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