Clonidine antagonizes the aversive effects of opiate withdrawal and the rewarding effects of morphine only in opiate withdrawn rats
Abstract
The researchers asked whether clonidine, an alpha 2-noradrenergic agonist, would block selectively the motivational effects of opiate withdrawal and whether clonidine's effects would respect the boundary between nondeprived and deprived motivational states. In a place conditioning paradigm, clonidine (0.05 mg/kg ip) blocked the rewarding effects of morphine in opiate-withdrawn rats (as well as the aversive properties of withdrawal itself), but did not affect morphine place preferences (2 and 20 mg/kg) in drug-naive rats. Furthermore, clonidine blocked the acquisition of morphine (15 mg/kg), but not LiCl (15 mg/kg), conditioned taste aversions in water-deprived rats. The results suggest that the motivational system activated in deprived animals includes dopaminergic and noradrenergic components that are in series with each other.
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Norepinephrine inhibition with an alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist blocked naloxone-precipitated conditioned place aversion in opioid-dependent rats.
“Norepinephrine inhibition with an a 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist blocked naloxone-precipitated conditioned place aversion in opioid-dependent rats (Kosten, 1994;Nader and Van der Kooy, 1996).”
From Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development (2021) · cites this paper as Nader and Van der Kooy, 1996
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MORPHINE-INDUCED PLACE PREFERENCE: INTERACTIONS WITH NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEMS
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- Authors
- Nader, K., & van der Kooy, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- ORCID
- Nader, Karim
- Venue
- Behavioral Neuroscience
- Published
- 1996-04
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 389-400
- ISSN
- 0735-7044 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0084
- OpenAlex
- W2014415375
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- clonidine, opioid withdrawal, morphine, conditioned place preference, conditioned taste aversion, motivational states, alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, noradrenergic system, dopaminergic system, drug acquisition, water deprivation, aversive conditioning
- MeSH terms
- Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Animals, Arousal, Association Learning, Avoidance Learning, Clonidine, Conditioning, Classical, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Male, Morphine, Morphine Dependence, Motivation, Norepinephrine, Mental Recall, Social Environment, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Taste, Rats, Wistar, Lithium Chloride, Rats
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