Dissociations between procedural and episodic memory: Effects of time and aging.
Abstract
The issue of multiple memory systems is explored. Young and older adults (mean ages = 20 and 71, respectively) named pictures and were tested immediately, 1, 7, or 21 days later. Episodic memory (recognition) for pictures was significantly lower in older relative to young adults and declined systematically across all retention intervals in both age groups. In contrast, procedural memory (repetition priming in picture naming) revealed no reliable age differences. In both age groups, priming declined within the first 24 hr, but unlike recognition, there was no further decrement from 1 to 21 days. There were also within-subject dissociations: The magnitude of priming was equivalent for remembered and forgotten items, and the relation between recognition and priming across intervals was nonmonotic, revealing a reversed association. The findings were interpreted within a multiple-memory-systems framework.
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This pattern is typical of human episodic memory, with performance deteriorating with increases in the retention interval.
“This pattern is typical of human episodic memory, both in real-life episodic remembering as well as that observed experimentally, with performance in tasks deteriorating with increases in the retention interval [149,150]”
From Is episodic-like memory <i>like</i> episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [150]
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Mise à jour en mémoire de travail et vieillissement normal de la mémoire épisodique
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- Authors
- Mitchell, D. B., Brown, A. S., & Murphy, D. R.
- Affiliations
- Southern Methodist University (US)
- ORCID
- Mitchell, David B.
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 1990
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 264-276
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W2085419098
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29ag007854-05)
- National Institute on Aging (5-R29-AG07854)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- procedural memory, episodic memory, multiple memory systems, aging, recognition memory, repetition priming, picture naming, retention interval, forgetting, older adults, memory dissociation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aging, Association, Humans, Memory, Mental Recall, Retention, Psychology, Time Factors
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