The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Diurnal mood variation in major depressive disorder
Abstract
Depression disturbs mood, but a clear picture of diurnal mood rhythms in depression has yet to emerge. This study examined variations in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA), two dimensions of mood that generate diurnal patterns among healthy individuals. Repeated measurements of NA and PA in daily life were obtained over 6 days from 47 depressed outpatients and 39 healthy individuals using the Experience Sampling Method. Relative to healthy individuals, depressed individuals exhibited increasing PA levels during the day with a later acrophase. In contrast, depressed persons' NA exhibited a more pronounced diurnal rhythm and was more variable from moment to moment than healthy individuals'. Ambulatory mood measurements in depression suggest distinct diurnal disturbances of positive and negative affect.
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In the citing paper
“Nevertheless, increasing evidence shows that these tools are not able to capture MDD dynamics, such as symptom fluctuations or mood shifts over time [6,7].”
In the citing paper
“While Bower et al. (2010) reported that poor sleep quality was predictive of low current levels of PA even when group status (MDD or control) was accounted for, Peeters et al. (2006) found no such association.”
From Mood Disorders in Everyday Life: A Systematic Review of Experience Sampling and Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies (2012) · cites this paper as Peeters et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“Data from studies that have looked at PA and NA in relation to sleep suggest that sleep might be mood-restorative in youth with MDD (Cousins et al., 2011), but not or no longer in adults with MDD (Bower et al., 2010; Peeters et al., 2006).”
From Mood Disorders in Everyday Life: A Systematic Review of Experience Sampling and Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies (2012) · cites this paper as Peeters et al., 2006
In the citing paper
“No such effect was apparent in the adult patients (Bower et al., 2010; Peeters et al., 2006).”
From Mood Disorders in Everyday Life: A Systematic Review of Experience Sampling and Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies (2012) · cites this paper as Peeters et al., 2006
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–306 of 306
Liu, T. C. Y., Kwok, N. T.-K., Chan, S. S.-M., Mo, F. Y. M., Ching, E. W.-K., Chau, S. W. H., Wong, O. W. H., Ma, S. L., Tsoi, K. K. F., Lai, K. Y. C., et al. (2026) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291726104346 · Cited by 1
Digital phenotyping of affect and stress in emerging adults
Phanord, C. S., Ruzic, L. L., Kalyanasundaram, S., Barnes-Horowitz, S., Friedman, N. P., Chaspari, T., & Kaiser, R. H. (2026) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2026.1799541
Kwak, J. S., Lee, H., Jo, S., Kwon, J. H., Kwon, S. J., Kim, Y., & Lee, H. (2026) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/88223
Mood rhythms and circadian medicine for mood disorders
Zürcher, A., Beba, F., & Oster, H. (2026) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/a-2949-6177
Eisele, G. V., Ulitzsch, E., Pihlajamäki, M., Myin‐Germeys, I., Bakker, J. M., Kirtley, O. J., Lachowicz, A. M., Noortgate, W. V. D., & Schneider, S. (2026) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/10731911261484340
Metadata
- Authors
- Peeters, F., Berkhof, J., Delespaul, P., Rottenberg, J., & Nicolson, N. A.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Venue
- Emotion
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 383-391
- ISSN
- 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1516
- OpenAlex
- W2151963767
- Cited by
- 306
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, positive affect, negative affect, circadian rhythm, acrophase
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adult, Affect, Circadian Rhythm, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Individuality, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Reference Values
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