The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Empirical study on the healing nature of mandalas.
Abstract
Mandalas were first used in therapy by Carl Jung, who found that the act of drawing mandalas had a calming effect on patients while at the same time facilitating psychic integration. There is a scarcity of controlled empirical studies of the healing impact of mandalas on mental health. Based on the efficacy of James Pennebaker’s written disclosure paradigm in promoting mental well-being (Pennebaker, 1997a, 1997b), the purpose of our study was to examine the benefits for those suffering from post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of processing traumatic events through the creation of mandalas. Benefits to participants were measured in terms of changes in the variables of PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, anxiety, spiritual meaning, and the frequency of physical symptoms and illness. Relative to those in the control condition, individuals assigned to the experimental mandala-creation group reported greater decreases in symptoms of trauma at the 1-month follow up. There were no other statistically significant outcome differences. Alternative modes of processing traumatic events (e.g., visually symbolically) may serve individuals who are either reluctant or unable to write about their experiences.
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“it 'seemed effective in ameliorating symptoms' of PTSD (Henderson and Rosen 2007, 153).”
From Modern Maṇḍala Meditation: Some Observations (2017) · cites this paper as Henderson and Rosen 2007
In the citing paper
“[t]he drawing of a mandala provides cognitive integration and organization to complex emotional experiences that will give a sense of personal meaning ….”
From Modern Maṇḍala Meditation: Some Observations (2017) · cites this paper as Henderson and Rosen 2007
Citations
Cites
(1970) · Cited by 24,983
Writing About Emotional Experiences as a Therapeutic Process
Pennebaker, J. W. (1997) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00403.x · Cited by 2,486
(1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,043
Disclosure of traumas and psychosomatic processes
Pennebaker, J. W., & Susman, J. R. (1988) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(88)90397-8 · Cited by 592
Existential Meaning's Role in the Enhancement of Hope and Prevention of Depressive Symptoms
Mascaro, N., & Rosen, D. H. (2005) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00336.x · Cited by 399
Self-citationEmpirical foundations for writing in prevention and psychotherapy
Esterling, B. A., L’Abate, L., Murray, E. J., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1999) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(98)00015-4 · Cited by 346
Taking Pen to Hand: Evaluating Theories Underlying the Written Disclosure Paradigm
Sloan, D. M., & Marx, B. P. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1093/clipsy.bph062 · Cited by 284
Effects of Writing About Traumatic Experiences: The Necessity for Narrative Structuring
Smyth, J. M., True, N., & Souto, J. (2001) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.20.2.161.22266 · Cited by 258
Can Coloring Mandalas Reduce Anxiety?
Curry, N. A., & Kasser, T. (2005) · Art Therapy · doi:10.1080/07421656.2005.10129441 · Cited by 253
A Closer Examination of the Structured Written Disclosure Procedure.
Sloan, D. M., & Marx, B. P. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.2.165 · Cited by 251
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Outcome Studies on the Efficacy of Art Therapy: A Review of Findings
Slayton, S. C., D’Archer, J., & Kaplan, F. F. (2010) · Art Therapy · doi:10.1080/07421656.2010.10129660 · Cited by 372
Schouten, K. A., de Niet, G. J., Knipscheer, J. W., Kleber, R. J., & Hutschemaekers, G. J. M. (2015) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838014555032 · Cited by 212
Creative art therapy for mental illness
Chiang, M., Reid-Varley, W.-B., & Fan, X. (2019) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2019.03.025 · Cited by 243
A Guide to Selecting Participatory Research Methods Based on Project and Partnership Goals
Duea, S. R., Zimmerman, E. B., Vaughn, L. M., Dias, S., & Harris, J. (2022) · Journal of Participatory Research Methods · doi:10.35844/001c.32605 · Cited by 215
The brain-body disconnect: A somatic sensory basis for trauma-related disorders
Kearney, B. E., & Lanius, R. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.1015749 · Cited by 154
“Moderately reduced traumarelated symptoms have been reported in individuals receiving art therapy (Chapman et al., 2001; Curry and Kasser, 2005; Henderson et al., 2007; for a review, see Schouten et al., 2015) and music therapy (Carr et al.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Henderson, P., Rosen, D., & Mascaro, N.
- Affiliations
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Venue
- Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 148-154
- ISSN
- 1931-3896 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-390X
- OpenAlex
- W1973798464
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 92.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology of Aesthetics Creativity and the Arts (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Art Therapy and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- mandala, mandala drawing, post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma processing, written disclosure, mental health, depressive symptoms, anxiety, spiritual meaning, somatic symptoms, illness, Jungian psychology, art therapy
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