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Predicting attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder from preschool diagnostic assessments.
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The present study examined the power of measures of early preschool behavior to predict later diagnoses of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)/conduct disorder (CD). Participants were 168 children with behavior problems at age 3 who underwent a multimethod assessment of ADHD and ODD symptoms and were followed annually for 3 years. Fifty-eight percent of 3-year-old children with behavior problems met criteria for ADHD and/or ODD/CD 3 years later. Using a diagnostic interview and rating scales at age 3, the authors could accurately predict later diagnostic status for 3/4 of children for ADHD and for 2/3 of children for ODD/CD. Predictive power of the best models did not increase significantly at age 4 and age 5 compared with age 3. Results provide support for the validity of early diagnoses of ADHD, although caution is needed in making diagnoses because a significant minority of children with early hyperactivity and inattention do outgrow their problems.
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“There is evidence that the diagnostic criteria for ADHD can be applied to preschool-aged children.33–39”
From Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents (2019) · cites this paper as [35]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Harvey, E. A., Youngwirth, S. D., Thakar, D. A., & Errazuriz, P. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Harvey, Elizabeth A.
- ORCID
- Harvey, Elizabeth A.
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 349-354
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC4655077
- OpenAlex
- W2170606589
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH60132)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, preschool children, early diagnosis, diagnostic prediction, hyperactivity, inattention, behavioral problems, longitudinal follow-up, diagnostic validity
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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