Cited by 720Psychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionOptimism, Hope, and Well-beingAging and Gerontology Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Becoming happier takes both a will and a proper way: An experimental longitudinal intervention to boost well-being.

Open access

Lyubomirsky, Sonja, Dickerhoof, Rene, Boehm, Julia K., Sheldon, Kennon M.·2011·Emotion

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

An 8-month-long experimental study examined the immediate and longer term effects of regularly practicing two assigned positive activities (expressing optimism and gratitude) on well-being. More important, this intervention allowed us to explore the impact of two metafactors that are likely to influence the success of any positive activity: whether one self-selects into the study knowing that it is about increasing happiness and whether one invests effort into the activity over time. Our results indicate that initial self-selection makes a difference, but only in the two positive activity conditions, not the control, and that continued effort also makes a difference, but, again, only in the treatment conditions. We conclude that happiness interventions are more than just placebos, but that they are most successful when participants know about, endorse, and commit to the intervention.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/a0022575

Cites

74 of 74 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.68 · Cited by 54,599
Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed.).
Lachenbruch, P. A., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290095 · Cited by 37,421
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
The satisfaction with life scale
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 · Cited by 31,768
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7 · Cited by 26,772
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior
Miller, K. A. J., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1988) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070638 · Cited by 15,406
Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 · Cited by 12,910
Subjective Well-Being
Diener, E. (1984) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_2 · Cited by 12,609

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 75 references

1 of the 75 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Items 601–700 of 720

EVIDENCE-BASED PRINCIPLES OF AC4P
Geller, E. S. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107785304.003
Promoting Parents' and Children's Well-Being through Parent-Child Gratitude Interventions
Ramsey, M. A. (2015) · doi:10.33915/etd.6471
Happiness: a Policy Perspective
Esperato-Martinez, A. (2014)
Ein individuelles Coaching-Konzept zur Förderung von Lebenskunst
Stumpp-Spies, C. A., & Schmitz, B. (2017) · Coaching | Theorie & Praxis · doi:10.1365/s40896-017-0017-5
Psychischen Krisen vorbeugen – »Lebe Balance«
Müller, G., Lyssenko, L., Kleindienst, N., Junk, S., Pfinder, M., & Bohus, M. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54632-1_20
“Big data” versus “small data” in social sciences
Duan, W., Mu, W., & Bu, H. (2017) · Chinese Sociological Dialogue · doi:10.1177/2397200917736025
The effect of an online positive psychology exercise and motivating pictures on well-Being
Kasimirski, J. (2014)
Exploring Happiness of Participants in Middle Class Express: A Q Methodological Study.
Ray, T. B. (2018) · NCSU Libraries Repository (North Carolina State University Libraries)
Wellbeing begins with "we" not "me" psychosocial benefits of gratitude interventions
O’Connell, B. H. (2016) · University of Limerick Institutional Repository (University of Limerick) · doi:10.34961/7943
Psycho-situational dynamics of quality of work-life and psychological well-being of Nigerian police personnel: a mediating study
Ogungbamila, A. (2016) · Boloka Institutional Repository (North-west University)
Pertinence clinique en population dépressive d’un médiateur thérapeutique axé sur les ressources personnelles : évaluation par protocole individuel de type arrêt—reprise sur une patiente hospitalisée pour dépression
Broc, G., Gonzalès, B., Chakiba, J., Carré, C., Valantin, S., & Piergiorgio, M. O. R. I. (2019) · Pratiques Psychologiques · doi:10.1016/j.prps.2018.11.003
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VOLITION AND HAPPINESS ACCORDING TO QUALITY OF LIFE.
Al-Ateeq, A. M. A.-A. M. A. M., Hany, A. F., & Yassin, H. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Science · doi:10.21608/jes.2016.28911
Effects of Mental Fitness Positive Psychology Program for Improvement of Adjustment to Military Life
Kim, M., Kim, H., & Ko, Y.-G. (2017) · Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.24230/kjiop.v30i2.275-298
Az áramlat-élmény vizsgálata társas helyzetben
Magyaródi, T. (2016) · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem · doi:10.15476/elte.2016.045
Move Your body, Change Your Mind: Physical Activity in the Morning and its Implications for Work
Holden, C. (2020) · Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research
Bycie z chorobą. Przystosowanie do wybranych chorób somatycznych z perspektywy psychologii pozytywnej i koncepcji poznawczych
Miniszewska, J. (2019) · Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego eBooks · doi:10.18778/8142-277-2
Effectivness of Hope Therapy base on Group on Mental Health and Meaning in Life in Depressed Female Students
hashemian, M., شیراز, د., Namdari, K., اصفهان, د., Abedi, A., & اصفهان, د. (2020) · journal of counseling research · doi:10.29252/jcr.19.73.122
The Relationship between the Parent's and Teachers' Spiritual Intelligence and Happiness of Elementary School Students: Mediating Role of Students' Spiritual Well-Being
abadi, M. S. A., Alborzi, M., & khoshbaght, F. (2020) · Applied Issues in Quarterly Journal of Islamic Education · doi:10.29252/qaiie.5.1.60
President’s Welcome to the Special Issue
Gurung, R. A. R. (2020) · Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research · doi:10.24839/2325-7342.jn25.3.212
An appraisal of happiness in civil aircrew
Narayanappa, D., Sowgandhi, C. N., Tripathy, N., & Agarwal, A. (2020) · Indian Journal of Aerospace Medicine · doi:10.25259/ijasm_7_2020
Modelización de la versión argentina de la Escala de Gratitud de Alarcón con la Teoría de la Respuesta al Ítem
Auné, S. E., Abal, F. J. P., & Attorresi, H. F. (2020) · Revista de Psicología (Trujillo) · doi:10.18050/revpsi.v21i1.2669
Effects of Mental Fitness Positive Psychology Program for Improvement of Adjustment to Military Life
김민순, Young-gun, K., & Kim, H. J. (2017) · Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.24230/ksiop.30.2.201705.275
The Promise of Well-Being for the Net Generation
Conoley, C. W., Bello, B. D. C., Oromendia, M. F., Vasquez, E., & Conoley, J. C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-230-2_7
Baltic Journal of Psychology; Volume 17, Number 1&2
University of Latvia (2016) · BALTIC JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY · doi:10.22364/bjp.17.01-02
Positive Psychology
Parks, A. C., & Ball, T. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199828340-0083
Références
Kotsou, I., Farnier, J., Shankland, R., et al. (2022) · Dunod eBooks · doi:10.3917/dunod.kotso.2022.01.0263
The Quest for Happiness: Applying Positive Psychology Principles to Foster Happiness in Midlife and Older Age
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24449-0_13
Physical Development in Midlife and Older Age: Promoting Health as an Individual Asset
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24449-0_5
Depression in Old Age: Prevention and Intervention from a Positive Psychology Perspective
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24449-0_18
Personality Development in Midlife and Older Age: Mission Impossible or a Necessary Goal for Positive Ageing?
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24449-0_9
Emointelligence Equation (I=T*Eα*ε) and One Nature - One Emotion - One Health (ONE-H) Concepts
Abdelmelek, H., Hanini, A., Dridi, M., & Amri, A. A. (2019) · Archives of Neurology and Neuro Disorders · doi:10.22259/2638-504x.0202002
Online app to develop positive affect in adolescents - Positive Approaches to Life: A Smartphone-Administered Self-Help Program for Adolescents
Hudson, S. (2015) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17068370.v1
Impact of Emotional Unavailability on the Happiness Level of Indian Couples and the Happiness Pie Chart as a Tool Towards Resolution: Qualitative Analysis of Case Studies
Khanna, N. (2023) · Social Behavior Research and Practice - Open Journal · doi:10.17140/sbrpoj-8-135
Consumption, value and response: An interdisciplinary thesis on Australian women's wellbeing
Godwin, M. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.243150
Depression im Alter: Prävention und Intervention aus der Perspektive der Positiven Psychologie
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_18
Emotionale Entwicklung im mittleren und höheren Alter: Werden wir mit dem Alter glücklicher?
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_8
Persönlichkeitsentwicklung im mittleren und höheren Alter: Mission Impossible oder ein notwendiges Ziel für positives Altern?
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_9
Paradigmenwechsel: Von der Theorie der Desengagement zur positiven Alterungsmodelle
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_2
Physische Entwicklung im mittleren und höheren Alter: Gesundheitsförderung als individuelles Gut
Crăciun, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44679-5_5
Intervenciones basadas en Psicología Positiva para aumentar el bienestar en universitarios: Una revisión sistemática
Mora, M. D. R. H., Hernández, G., Lugo, C. S. J., Cruz, O. M. R., & Pérez, V. F. (2023) · EDUCATECONCIENCIA · doi:10.58299/etc.v31i41.710
Subjective Well-Being: Measurement
Bhatnagar, T. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-6526-7_3
References
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.133
Part one: Around Meaning. Kindness in philosophy – the philosophy of kindness
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.19
Introduction
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.15
Title Pages
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.front
Part two: Around Meaning. Conceptualization of Kindness – Research Project
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.61
Contents
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.toc
List of Figures and Tables
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.147
Preface: Semantics. Polish and English understandings of the word “kindness”
(2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803.9
The Meaning of Kindness
Szafran, J., & Cwojdzińska, A. (2024) · V&R unipress eBooks · doi:10.14220/9783737016803
Positive Psychology Interventions: In the School, for the School
-, P. S., & Srivastava, M. (2024) · International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research · doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i01.13196
The Impact of Life Satisfaction on Gratitude Among Young Adults
Arora, A. (2024) · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · doi:10.48175/ijarsct-17057
Improving well-being in working mothers: well-being levels and intervention to mitigate the negative impact of maternal guilt
Morgan, F. (2023) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20621609
Visionen entwickeln und einsetzen
Becker, F. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-67620-2_6
FUTURE ANXIETY UNDER COVID-19 CIRCUMSTANCES: TESTING THE EFFECT OF GRATITUDE AND MEDIATING ROLE OF THREAT PERCEPTION
Demirdağ, A., Hasdağ, D., & Ulutaş, E. (2024) · Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.33171/dtcfjournal.2024.64.1.9
Evaluation der Intervention
Seiferling, N., & Michel, A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-42728-3_5
A Phenomenological Research on the Role of Paradoxical Behaviors of the Team Leader in the Grateful Team Climate
Ahat, K. (2024) · Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.15314/tsed.1454703
Secular and Spiritual Gratitude: Impacts on Mood, Stress, Spirituality and Sense of Gratitude
Clausen, K., Denhartog, J., Snow, T., & Toussaint, L. L. (2024) · Forum Pedagogiczne · doi:10.21697/fp.2024.1.6
Gratitude training: forgiveness in mothers of students with visual impairment
Ashori, M., & Behzadi, F. (2024) · Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies · doi:10.1080/17450128.2024.2389380
THE UZBEK UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF HAPPINESS AND THE FACTORS INFLUENCING ON IT
Jumaniyozova, S. (2024) · Tamaddun nuri. · doi:10.69691/02sqfg78
Association between positive affect, flourishing, quality of life, and psychological distress in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Amonoo, H. L., Daskalakis, E. P., Lam, J. A., Wolfe, E. D., Guo, M., Onyeaka, H., Newcomb, R. A., Barata, A., Ghanime, P. M., Keane, E. P., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2024.2410929
The Semantics of Happiness and Joy in the Italian Language
Sotgiu, I. (2024) · Cognitive Semantics · doi:10.1163/23526416-bja10066
Children’s and adults’ evaluations of praise with incongruence between what the praiser is praising and what led the recipient to succeed
Hayashi, H., Matsumoto, A., & Akagawa, M. (2024) · European Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17405629.2024.2431346
Key Strategies for Happiness in Workplace
Soumya, J. P., & Warrier, U. (2025) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-2939-9.ch009
Does Mindfulness Reduce Stress Levels and Enhance the Subjective Well-being of Teachers? – Insights from an Experiment
G., M. S. C., & Devaseelan, S. (2024) · International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy · doi:10.47992/ijhsp.2581.6411.0124
Exploring the Efficacy of Mindfulness Interventions for Stress Reduction among Special Education Teachers: A Quasi-Experimental Study at Mano Vikas Special School, at Sasthankotta, Kollam
G., M. S. C., & Devaseelan, S. (2024) · International Journal of Health Sciences and Pharmacy · doi:10.47992/ijhsp.2581.6411.0125
The Emotional Cascade Model of Borderline Personality Disorder
Salavati, M., & Selby, E. A. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-75503-3_8
Which Resilience Competencies Count Most? Analysis of Data from a New Online QuestionnairePreprint
Epstein, R., Godoy, S., & Wang, N. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5146778
Streamlining Sensor Technology: Focusing on Data Fusion and Emotion Evaluation in the e-VITA Project
McTear, M., Jokinen, K., Roelen, S. D., Saif-ur-Rehman, M., Hariz, M., Boudy, J., Lohr, C., Szczepaniak, F., Wieching, R., & Ogawa, T. (2025) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s25072217
A DESIGN METHOD FOR ENHANCING WELLBEING THROUGH INTEGRATING POSITIVE DESIGN AND THE HOW OF HAPPINESS
Gumulya, D. (2025) · New Design Ideas · doi:10.62476/ndi.91.150
"Caring for Oneself Program": Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of an online positive psychoeducational intervention for informal caregivers of older adults
Matsuzawa, A., Moriyama, Y., Wakui, T., Ochi, M., & Takahashi, H. (2025) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus · doi:10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100162
Mitigating the Negative Effects of Lower-Class Backgrounds on Subjective Well-Being: The Role of Nonessentialist Views of Happiness
Kim, Y., Ku, X., Kim, J. H., Lee, S., Cha, S. E., & Choi, I. (2025) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-025-00909-0
Qualitative Analysis of the Content and Quality of Best Possible Self Narratives: Identifying Factors that Contribute to its Efficacy in Increasing State Optimism and Positive Affect
Boselie, J. J. L. M., Hanssen, M. M., Vancleef, L. M. G., & Peters, M. L. (2025) · International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology · doi:10.1007/s41042-025-00238-w
DEVELOPMENT OF A HOME-RELATED SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING SCALE AND EVALUATION OF ITS RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY
ARIMA, Y., MUNAKATA, J., ITAMI, H., & Nakamura, T. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) · doi:10.3130/aije.90.348
Differential Impacts of Transactional Analysis Training on Marital Intimacy Dimensions
Javid, M. M., Sexton, J. E., Talebi, F., Taridashti, S., Tabibian, N., & Dorer, J. (2025) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807251384277
My Best Self in the Past or Future: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining Adherence, Engagement, Age and Mental Health in a Mobile-based BPS Intervention
Radstaak, M., Carrillo, A., Etchemendy, E., Baños, R., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2025) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-025-00962-9
Bridging Personality and Well-Being Through the Positive Cognitive Triad
Puia, A., Rotărescu, V. S., & Mihalcea, A. (2025) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941251390487
Exploring the Effect of Social-nudge Design on People's Compliance with Chatbot-recommended Practices
Lee, Y., Yamashita, N., & Huang, Y. (2024) · International Symposium of Chinese CHI (Chinese CHI) · doi:10.1145/3758871.3758882
Uncertainty and Positive Psychology in Critical Pedagogy
Aerabi, M., Hemmati, F., & Soleımanı, H. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-2449-4.ch005
The Impact of Labor Education Participation on University Students' Subjective Well-being: The Chain Mediating Roles of Meaning In Life and ResiliencePreprint
wang, W., Fan, W., Luo, W., He, L., Hu, X., Wang, J., Wang, X., Yang, J., & Du, J. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8033516/v1
Nostalgia enhances gratitude by fostering social connectedness
Green, J. D., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Kneuer, M. A., Hedgebeth, M. V., Lauro, I. L. D., & Barrientos, S. A. (2025) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2025.113602
Combating the dark side: managing performance reinvigoration of long-term relationships
Jüliger, M. (2013) · doi:10.26481/dis.20131011mj
How to Improve Happiness
Grinde, B. (2012) · SpringerBriefs in well-being and quality of life research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4393-9_5
Sleep, health-Related Biological Function and Well-Being
Jackowska, M. (2013) · UCL Discovery (University College London)
Additional file 2 of Giving and receiving thanks: a mixed methods pilot study of a gratitude intervention for palliative patients and their carers
Bernard, M., Poncin, E., Bovet, É., Tamchès, E., Cantin, B., Pralong, J., & Borasio, G. D. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26585178
Additional file 1 of Giving and receiving thanks: a mixed methods pilot study of a gratitude intervention for palliative patients and their carers
Bernard, M., Poncin, E., Bovet, É., Tamchès, E., Cantin, B., Pralong, J., & Borasio, G. D. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26585175
Foreword
Brenner, L. A. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.002.0006
Epigraph
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.002.0008
Principle 1
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0003
Dedication
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.002.0005
The Primacy of the Foundational Principles
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0010
Principle 3
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0005
Principle 6
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0008
Principle 2
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0004
Principle 5
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0007
Disability as Diversity
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0002
Principle 7
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0009
Setting the Stage
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0001
Preface and Acknowledgments
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.002.0007
Principle 4
Dunn, D. S. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780197785188.003.0006

Authors: Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K., & Sheldon, K. M.
Affiliations: University of California, Riverside (US)
University of Missouri (US)
ORCID: Lyubomirsky, Sonja
Boehm, Julia K.
Sheldon, Kennon M.
Venue: Emotion
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2011-04
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Pages: 391-402
ISSN: 1528-3542 (ISSN-L)
1931-1516
DOI: 10.1037/a0022575
PMC: PMC4380267
OpenAlex: W2137553736
Cited by: 720
References: 75
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 62 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 32
FWCI: 63.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Emotion (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Chapman University Digital Commons (Chapman University) (submittedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (5 R01 MH065937-04)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Keywords: happiness interventions, well-being, optimism, gratitude, positive activities, self-selection, effort investment, placebo effect, longitudinal intervention
MeSH terms: Affect, Behavior Therapy, Female, Happiness, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motivation, Personal Satisfaction, Psychological Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Becoming happier takes both a will and a proper way: An experimental longitudinal intervention to boost well-being.

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks