The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Age group and sex differences in performance on a computerized neurocognitive battery in children age 8−21.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Examine age group effects and sex differences by applying a comprehensive computerized battery of identical behavioral measures linked to brain systems in youths that were already genotyped. Such information is needed to incorporate behavioral data as neuropsychological "biomarkers" in large-scale genomic studies. METHOD: We developed and applied a brief computerized neurocognitive battery that provides measures of performance accuracy and response time for executive-control, episodic memory, complex cognition, social cognition, and sensorimotor speed domains. We tested a population-based sample of 3,500 genotyped youths ages 8-21 years. RESULTS: Substantial improvement with age occurred for both accuracy and speed, but the rates varied by domain. The most pronounced improvement was noted in executive control functions, specifically attention, and in motor speed, with some effect sizes exceeding 1.8 standard deviation units. The least pronounced age group effect was in memory, where only face memory showed a large effect size on improved accuracy. Sex differences had much smaller effect sizes but were evident, with females outperforming males on attention, word and face memory, reasoning speed, and all social cognition tests and males outperforming females in spatial processing and sensorimotor and motor speed. These sex differences in most domains were seen already at the youngest age groups, and age group × sex interactions indicated divergence at the oldest groups with females becoming faster but less accurate than males. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that cognitive performance improves substantially in this age span, with large effect sizes that differ by domain. The more pronounced improvement for executive and reasoning domains than for memory suggests that memory capacities have reached their apex before age 8. Performance was sexually modulated and most sex differences were apparent by early adolescence.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The tools that we have for measuring brain functioning and connectivity are growing, but only recently sizeable multimodal normative brain developmental data have become available, with large prospective studies ongoing in Rotterdam (68), San Diego (69) and Philadelphia (70).”
From Pediatric psychopharmacology: Too much or too little? (2013) · cites this paper as [69]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
Cohen, J. (1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,417
KAUFMAN, J., BIRMAHER, B., BRENT, D., RAO, U., FLYNN, C., MORECI, P., WILLIAMSON, D., & RYAN, N. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199707000-00021 · Cited by 10,148
Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood
Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., Nugent, T. F., Herman, D. H., Clasen, L. S., Toga, A. W., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0402680101 · Cited by 5,604 · cited 5×
“While there is evidence that the sensorimotor strip and cerebellum are among the earliest to mature (Gogtay et al., 2004; Yakovlev & Lecours, 1967), the present Figure 6.”
InfluentialBrain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study
Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., Paus, T., Evans, A. C., & Rapoport, J. L. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/13158 · Cited by 5,552
Emergence and Characterization of Sex Differences in Spatial Ability: A Meta-Analysis
Linn, M. C., & Petersen, A. C. (1985) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130467 · Cited by 3,230
Voyer, D., Voyer, S., & Bryden, M. P. (1995) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.250 · Cited by 2,868
Regional Development of the Brain in Early Life
(1968) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.43.229.388 · Cited by 2,107
(1967) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,713
The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (P-FIT) of intelligence: Converging neuroimaging evidence
Jung, R. E., & Haier, R. J. (2007) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x07001185 · Cited by 1,651
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories of the Human Cerebral Cortex
Shaw, P., Kabani, N. J., Lerch, J. P., Eckstrand, K., Lenroot, R., Gogtay, N., Greenstein, D., Clasen, L., Evans, A., Rapoport, J. L., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5309-07.2008 · Cited by 1,644
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 70 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Wilkinson GS Robertson GJ Wide Range Achievement Test--Fourth Edition Psychological Assessment Resources 2006 Lutz, FL WRAT4 Introductory Kit
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 507
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in youth with psychosis spectrum symptoms
Fox, V., Sheffield, J. M., & Woodward, N. D. (2021) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.027 · Cited by 11
Reply to Joel and Tarrasch: On misreading and shooting the messenger
Ingalhalikar, M., Smith, A. R., Parker, D., Satterthwaite, T., Elliott, M., Ruparel, K., Hakonarson, H., Gur, R. E., Gur, R., & Verma, R. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.1323601111 · Cited by 10
Self-citationA Joint Analysis of Multi-Paradigm fMRI Data With Its Application to Cognitive Study
Bai, Y., Gong, Y., Bai, J., Liu, J., Deng, H., Calhoun, V. D., & Wang, Y. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2020.3042786 · Cited by 10
Development of lateral pulvinar resting state functional connectivity and its role in attention
Huang, R. W., & Barber, A. D. (2020) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2020.12.004 · Cited by 10
Hemager, N., Christiani, C. J., Thorup, A. A. E., Spang, K. S., Ellersgaard, D., Burton, B. K., Gregersen, M., Greve, A. N., Wang, Y., Nudel, R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.096 · Cited by 10
Clark, S., Satterthwaite, T. D., King, T. Z., Morris, R. D., Zendehrouh, E., & Turner, J. A. (2022) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101129 · Cited by 12
Neural correlates of verbal working memory in children with epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes
Ciumas, C., Montavont, A., Ilski, F., Laurent, A., Saignavongs, M., Lachaux, J.-P., de Bellescize, J., Panagiotakaki, E., Ostrowsky‐Coste, K., Herbillon, V., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102392 · Cited by 10
Fabri, T. L., Datta, R., O’Mahony, J., Barlow-Krelina, E., Somma, E. D., Longoni, G., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Bacchus, M., Yeh, E. A., et al. (2021) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102753 · Cited by 10
Self-citationRelationship Between the Self-Concept of Children and Their Ability to Recognize Emotions in Others
Cordeiro, T., Pereira, J. B., & Mendonça, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.672919 · Cited by 10
Spontaneous discovery of novel task solutions in children
Schuck, N. W., Li, A. X., Wenke, D., Ay-Bryson, D. S., Löwe, A. T., Gaschler, R., & Shing, Y. L. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0266253 · Cited by 10
O’Hora, K., Kushan, L., Schleifer, C. H., Cruz, S., Hoftman, G. D., Jalbrzikowski, M., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., & Bearden, C. E. (2023) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3049 · Cited by 10
Self-citationPelt, A. E. V., Scott, J. C., Morales, K. H., Matshaba, M., Gur, R. C., Tshume, O., Thuto, B., Lowenthal, E. D., & Moore, T. M. (2021) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0001066 · Cited by 10
Self-citationUmbach, R., Raine, A., Gur, R. C., & Portnoy, J. (2017) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-017-9343-z · Cited by 12
Self-citationPortuguez, G. R. (2016) · doi:10.14201/gredos.132835 · Cited by 11
Subsequent memory effects in schizophrenia
Collier, A. K., Wolf, D. H., Valdez, J. N., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C. (2014) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.10.012 · Cited by 9
Self-citationHeiskanen, M. A., Nevalainen, J., Pahkala, K., Juonala, M., Hutri, N., Kähönen, M. A. P., Jokinen, E., Laitinen, T. P., Tossavainen, P. H., Taittonen, L. M., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12693-7 · Cited by 9
França, T. F. A., Segura, I. A., Dias, N. M., Miranda, M. C., & Pompéia, S. (2025) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.70069 · Cited by 10
A Glimpse Into the Sexual Dimorphisms in Major Depressive Disorder Through Epigenetic Studies
Cahill, B., Poelker-Wells, S., Prather, J. F., & Li, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2021.768571 · Cited by 11
Inhibitory abilities in girls and boys: More similarities or differences?
Usai, M. C. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.25034 · Cited by 11
Feraco, T., & Cona, G. (2022) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2022.101669 · Cited by 11
Prevalence, severity and risk factors for speech disorders in US children
Choo, A. L., Smith, S. A., & Li, H. (2022) · Journal of Monolingual and Bilingual Speech · doi:10.1558/jmbs.20879 · Cited by 10
Demographic Adjustments to WAIS–IV/WMS–IV Norms
Holdnack, J. A., & Weiss, L. G. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386934-0.00004-3 · Cited by 9
Kochhann, R., Gonçalves, H. A., Pureza, J. D. R., Viapiana, V. F., Fonseca, F. D. P., de Salles, J. F., & Fonseca, R. P. (2017) · Applied Neuropsychology Child · doi:10.1080/21622965.2017.1312403 · Cited by 9
Allometry in the corpus callosum in neonates: Sexual dimorphism
Lewis, J. D., Acosta, H., Tuulari, J. J., Fonov, V., Collins, D. L., Scheinin, N. M., Lehtola, S. J., Rosberg, A., Lidauer, K., Ukharova, E., et al. (2022) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25977 · Cited by 8
Moore, T. M., Reise, S., Roalf, D., Satterthwaite, T., Davatzikos, C., Bilker, W. B., Port, A. M., Jackson, C. T., Ruparel, K., Savitt, A. P., et al. (2016) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/pas0000284 · Cited by 1
Self-citationTransient gray matter decline during antarctic isolation: Roles of sleep, exercise, and cognition
Roalf, D. R., Basner, M., Beer, J. C., Shinohara, R. T., Ruparel, K., Moore, T. M., Dinges, D. F., Stahn, A. C., Nasrini, J., Hermosillo, E., et al. (2025) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-025-00497-6 · Cited by 12
Self-citationCorral, S. A., Gaspar, P. A., Castillo-Passi, R. I., Troncoso, R. M., Mundt, A. P., Ignatyev, Y., Nieto, R. R., & Figueroa-Muñoz, A. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2024.100302 · Cited by 8
Relación entre consumo de sustancias y rasgos esquizotípicos en adolescentes escolarizados
Sánchez-García, M. D. L. Á., Sierra, J. O., Paíno, M., & Fonseca‐Pedrero, E. (2020) · Adicciones · doi:10.20882/adicciones.1216 · Cited by 8
The development of dynamic perceptual simulations during sentence comprehension
Hauf, J. E. K., Nieding, G., & Seger, B. T. (2020) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-020-00959-7 · Cited by 11
Shen, H., Kenney, L., & Smith, S. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00203 · Cited by 9
Dynamic rewiring of electrophysiological brain networks during learning
Ruggeri, P., Miehlbradt, J., Kabbara, A., & Hassan, M. (2022) · Network Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/netn_a_00289 · Cited by 6
Almulla, A. A., Khasawneh, M. A. S., Hadi, S. A. A., & Jarrah, H. Y. (2024) · International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research · doi:10.26803/ijlter.23.1.5 · Cited by 8
Genome-wide association study identifies new loci associated with OCDPreprint
Strom, N. I., Halvorsen, M., Tian, C., Rück, C., Kvale, G., Hansen, B. K. A., Bybjerg‐Grauholm, J., Grove, J., Boberg, J., Nissen, J. B., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.03.06.24303776 · Cited by 10
Cenkner, D. P., Asnaani, A., DiChiara, C., Harb, G. C., Lynch, K. G., Greene, J. L., & Scott, J. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.625669 · Cited by 7
Multimodal Brain Age Prediction with Feature Selection and Comparison
Ray, B., Duan, K., Chen, J., Fu, Z., Suresh, P., Johnson, S., Calhoun, V., & Liu, J.-Y. (2021) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · doi:10.1109/embc46164.2021.9631007 · Cited by 7
da Motta, C., Carvalho, C. B., Castilho, P., & Pato, M. T. (2019) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-019-00419-2 · Cited by 8
Lucas‐Molina, B., Pérez‐Albéniz, A., Satorres, E., Sierra, J. O., Garrido, E., & Fonseca‐Pedrero, E. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237968 · Cited by 7
van Dun, C., van Kraaij, A., Wegman, J., Kuipers, J., Aarts, E., & Janzen, G. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11070886 · Cited by 7
Price, K. M., Wigg, K. G., Nigam, A., Feng, Y., Blokland, K., Wilkinson, M., Kerr, E. N., Guger, S., Lovett, M. W., Strug, L. J., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-01970-y · Cited by 7
Timko, C. A., Schnabel, J., & Orloff, N. C. (2024) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24164 · Cited by 10
Jafari, Z., Malayeri, S., & Bahramian, E. (2016) · Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology · doi:10.1177/0003489416671333 · Cited by 7
Lõoke, M., Marinelli, L., Agrillo, C., Guerineau, C., & Mongillo, P. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-02791-1 · Cited by 7
Pine, A. E., Barch, D. M., Luby, J. L., & Whalen, D. J. (2019) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-019-00932-2 · Cited by 7
Patel, B., Orlichenko, A., Patel, A., Qu, G., Wilson, T., Stephen, J., Calhoun, V., & Wang, Y.-P. (2024) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app14104144 · Cited by 6
Domain-specific associations between psychopathology and neurocognitive functioning
Zoupou, E., Moore, T. M., Calkins, M. E., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., & Scott, J. C. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291724001302 · Cited by 8
Self-citationCalkins, M. E., Ered, A., Moore, T. M., White, L. K., Taylor, J. H., Moxam, A., Ruparel, K., Wolf, D. H., Satterthwaite, T. D., Kohler, C. G., et al. (2025) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbae224 · Cited by 6
Self-citationNeurophysiological and gait outcomes during a dual-task gait assessment in concussed adolescents
Jain, D., Graci, V., Beam, M. E., Ayaz, H., Prosser, L. A., Master, C. L., McDonald, C. C., & Arbogast, K. B. (2023) · Clinical Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.106090 · Cited by 6
Kokštejn, J., Psotta, R., & Musálek, M. (2015) · Acta Gymnica · doi:10.5507/ag.2015.009 · Cited by 6
Boyd, D. D., & Dittmer, P. (2016) · Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering · doi:10.7771/2159-6670.1139 · Cited by 6
Intention Attribution in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An EEG Study
Schütz, M., Boxhoorn, S., Mühlherr, A. M., Mössinger, H., Freitag, C. M., & Luckhardt, C. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-05358-1 · Cited by 6
Musical auditory processing, cognition, and psychopathology in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Gao, L., Tang, S. X., Yi, J. J., McDonald‐McGinn, D. M., Zackai, E. H., Emanuel, B. S., Gur, R. C., Calkins, M. E., & Gur, R. E. (2018) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32690 · Cited by 6
Self-citationPark, S., Lee, W., Lee, S., & Lee, W. (2025) · Designing Interactive Systems Conference · doi:10.1145/3715336.3735716 · Cited by 5
Korcz, A., Bojkowski, Ł., Bronikowski, M., Łopatka, M., Khorkova, M., Koszałka-Silska, A., Cieśla, E., & Krzysztoszek, J. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-88359-9 · Cited by 8
Sudit, E. S., Luby, J. L., & Gilbert, K. (2021) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-021-01203-9 · Cited by 6
da Motta, C., Pato, M. T., Carvalho, C. B., & Castilho, P. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114140 · Cited by 5
Lee, L., Bhargavi, V., Lin, H., & Pavītola, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2022.847833 · Cited by 8
Cognitive Functioning of Preadolescent Gymnasts, Including Bioelectrical Brain Activity
Bidzan-Bluma, I., Jochimek, M., & Lipowska, M. (2023) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/00315125231156722 · Cited by 5
Brandwayn, N., Restrepo, D., Martínez, A. M. M., & Acevedo-Triana, C. A. (2019) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/23279095.2019.1566133 · Cited by 5
Honrath, P., Kohls, G., Moore, T. M., Dogan, I., Gur, R. C., Habel, U., Konrad, K., Reetz, K., & Gur, R. E. (2020) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.10.029 · Cited by 5
Self-citationSocial Inference from Middle to Older Adulthood
Martin, A. K., Ceslis, A., & Robinson, G. A. (2022) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acac027 · Cited by 5
Affective Disorders and Gender Differences
de Arrieta, P. P. M., & Arenaza, J. G. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15179-9_26 · Cited by 6
Factors associated with health care utilization in pediatric multiple sclerosis
Marrie, R. A., O’Mahony, J., Maxwell, C. J., Ling, V., Till, C., Barlow-Krelina, E., Yeh, E. A., Arnold, D. L., Bar‐Or, A., & Banwell, B. (2019) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.101511 · Cited by 5
Emotion Awareness Predicts Body Mass Index Percentile Trajectories in Youth
Whalen, D. J., Belden, A. C., Barch, D. M., & Luby, J. L. (2015) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.06.053 · Cited by 6
Mechanisms of women's own-gender bias and sex differences in memory for faces
Lovén, J. (2012) · Figshare · Cited by 5
Khorkova, M., Bojkowski, Ł., Korcz, A., Łopatka, M., Adamczak, D., Krzysztoszek, J., & Bronikowski, M. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11121501 · Cited by 5
Sun, L., & Liu, J. (2025) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.1177/07356331251332751 · Cited by 4
Could be better: adolescent access to health information and care
Herriman, Z., Tchen, H., & Cafferty, P. W. (2024) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-024-05868-x · Cited by 4
Age- and sex-related differences in social competence and emotion labeling in pre-adolescence
Buimer, E. E. L., Pas, P., van den Boomen, C., Raemaekers, M. A. H., Brouwer, R. M., & Pol, H. E. H. (2024) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101503 · Cited by 5
Impact of Adolescent Cannabis Use on Neurocognitive and Brain Development
Scott, J. C. (2023) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2023.03.012 · Cited by 5
Sandro, A. D., Moore, T. M., Zoupou, E., Kennedy, K. P., Lopez, K. C., Ruparel, K., Njokweni, L. J., Rush, S., Daryoush, T., Franco, O. H., et al. (2023) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2023.106117 · Cited by 4
Self-citationA preclinical model of THC edibles that produces high-dose cannabimimetic responses
English, A., Uittenbogaard, F., Torrens, A., Sarroza, D., Slaven, A. V. E., Piomelli, D., Bruchas, M. R., Stella, N., & Land, B. B. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89867.3 · Cited by 4
Tayar, V. G., Saad, J., Sheikh, W. G. E., & Roukoz, C. (2024) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565641.2024.2378891 · Cited by 5
Dandar, C. M., Kearson, L., Longoria, J. N., Potter, B., King, A. A., Gossett, J. M., Takemoto, C. M., Hankins, J. S., Kang, G., & Heitzer, A. M. (2024) · Blood Advances · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2024013958 · Cited by 4
Moving to Capture Children’s Attention: Developing a Methodology for Measuring Visuomotor Attention
Hill, L. J. B., Coats, R. O., Mushtaq, F., Williams, J. H. G., Aucott, L. S., & Mon-Williams, M. A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159543 · Cited by 4
Understanding Typical and Atypical Neurodevelopment in Children and Adults
Riccio, C. A., Sun, L. H., & Gonzalez, A. A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-59162-5_4 · Cited by 5
Teisen, M. N., Niclasen, J., Vuholm, S., Lundbye‐Jensen, J., Stark, K. D., Damsgaard, C. T., Geertsen, S. S., & Lauritzen, L. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216696 · Cited by 6
Mala, J., McGarry, J. E., Riley, K. E., Lee, E. C., & DiStefano, L. J. (2020) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2019-0111 · Cited by 7
Micalizzi, L., Brick, L. A. D., Marraccini, M. E., Benca‐Bachman, C. E., Palmer, R. H. C., & Knopik, V. S. (2020) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419001573 · Cited by 4
A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Working with Large, Open-Source Neuroimaging DatasetsPreprint
Horien, C. L., Noble, S., Greene, A. S., Lee, K., Barron, D. S., Gao, S., O'Connor, D., Salehi, M., Dadashkarimi, J., Shen, X., et al. (2020) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0153.v1 · Cited by 5
Coakley, H., Steeves, E. A., Jones‐Smith, J. C., Hopkins, L. C., Braunstein, N. S., Mui, Y., & Gittelsohn, J. (2014) · Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition · doi:10.1080/19320248.2014.898173 · Cited by 3
Cognitive impairments in Polish children and adolescents with perinatal HIV infection
Zielińska, A., Bielecki, M., Wolańczyk, T., Coupland, U., Kruk, M., Marczyńska, M., Srebnicki, T., & Bryńska, A. (2021) · Psychiatria Polska · doi:10.12740/pp/onlinefirst/134255 · Cited by 3
White matter functional gradients and their formation in adolescence
Zhu, J., Margulies, D. S., & Qiu, A. (2023) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhad319 · Cited by 4
Lutein, Brain, and Neurological Functions
Juturu, V. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411462-3.00004-7 · Cited by 3
Pelt, A. E. V., Moore, T. M., Scott, J. C., Phoi, O., Mbakile‐Mahlanza, L., Morales, K. H., Gur, R. C., Rampa, S., Matshaba, M., & Lowenthal, E. D. (2022) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-022-03620-w · Cited by 3
Self-citationStudy of Positive and Negative Affect and Neurocognitive Functioning in Adolescents
Solana, R. A., Fonseca‐Pedrero, E., Pérez‐Albéniz, A., Mason, O. J., & Sierra, J. O. (2022) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/sjp.2022.9 · Cited by 4
Kantor, J., Gur, R. C., Calkins, M. E., Moore, T. M., Port, A. M., Ruparel, K., Scott, J. C., Troyan, S., Gur, R. E., & Roalf, D. R. (2022) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.017 · Cited by 3
Self-citationCoCoA: conditional correlation models with association size
Tu, D., Mahony, B. W., Moore, T. M., Bertolero, M. A., Alexander‐Bloch, A. F., Gur, R. C., Bassett, D. S., Satterthwaite, T. D., Raznahan, A., & Shinohara, R. T. (2022) · Biostatistics · doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxac032 · Cited by 3
Self-citationActivation of Internal Correctness Monitoring Circuitry in Youths With Psychosis Spectrum Symptoms
Levinson, T. G., Prettyman, G. E., Savage, C., White, L. K., Moore, T. M., Calkins, M. E., Ruparel, K., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Satterthwaite, T. D., et al. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.01.010 · Cited by 4
Self-citationAndreo-Jover, J., Wootton, O., Fernández-Jiménez, E., Muñoz‐Sanjosé, A., Mediavilla, R., Bravo‐Ortiz, M. F., Susser, E., Gur, R. C., & Stein, D. J. (2024) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152459 · Cited by 3
Self-citationThe Role of Sleep for Age-Related Differences in Neurobehavioral Performance
Tzischinsky, O., & Barel, E. (2024) · Life · doi:10.3390/life14040496 · Cited by 3
Regression and alignment for functional data and network topology
Tu, D., Wrobel, J., Satterthwaite, T. D., Goldsmith, J., Gur, R. C., Gur, R. E., Gertheiss, J., Bassett, D. S., & Shinohara, R. T. (2024) · Biostatistics · doi:10.1093/biostatistics/kxae026 · Cited by 2
Self-citationDiscovering Synchronized Subsets of Sequences: A Large Scale Solution
Sarıyanidi, E., Zampella, C., Bartley, K. G., Herrington, J. D., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schultz, R. T., & Tunç, B. (2020) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr42600.2020.00951 · Cited by 3
Durand, G., Rutten, B. P. F., & Lobbestael, J. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231173823 · Cited by 3
Balduin, L. S., Weiß, S., Schaller, F., & Müller, H. M. (2021) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs11120162 · Cited by 3
Prior test experience confounds longitudinal tracking of adolescent cognitive and motor development
Sullivan, E., Thompson, W., Brumback, T., Prouty, D., Tapert, S., Brown, S. A., Bellis, M. D., Nooner, K., Baker, F., Colrain, I., et al. (2022) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-022-01606-9 · Cited by 4
Rauland, A., Meisler, S. L., Alexander‐Bloch, A. F., Bagautdinova, J., Baller, E. B., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Luo, A. C., Moore, T. M., Popovych, O. V., et al. (2025) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.70429 · Cited by 2
Self-citationPelt, A. E. V., Beidas, R. S., Scott, J. C., Moore, T. M., Ahmed, C. V., Morales, K. H., Thuto, B., Tshume, O., Gur, R. C., Holmes, J. H., et al. (2021) · Global Implementation Research and Applications · doi:10.1007/s43477-021-00029-w · Cited by 2
Self-citationLi, C., Wang, J., Zhou, Y., Li, T., Wu, B., Yuan, X., Li, L., Qin, R., Liu, H., Chen, L., et al. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3180 · Cited by 2
Lorkiewicz, S. A., Müller‐Oehring, E. M., Baker, F. C., Elkins, B. V., & Schulte, T. (2024) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101448 · Cited by 2
Kohls, G., Elster, E. M., Peter Tiňo, B., Fairchild, G. F., Stadler, C., Popma, A., Freitag, C. M., Brito, S. A. D., Konrad, K., & Pauli, R. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-06536-6 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Gur, R. C., Richard, J., Calkins, M. E., Chiavacci, R., Hansen, J. A., Bilker, W. B., Loughead, J., Connolly, J. J., Qiu, H., Mentch, F. D., Abou-Sleiman, P. M., Hakonarson, H., & Gur, R. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychology
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 251-265
- ISSN
- 0894-4105 (ISSN-L)
- 1931-1559
- PMC
- PMC3295891
- OpenAlex
- W2069724292
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 47 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 39.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Health (RC2 Grants MH089983, MH089924, RO1 Grants MH084856, MH060722)
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- age differences, sex differences, executive function, episodic memory, social cognition, reaction time (psychology), accuracy, face memory, spatial processing, adolescence, cognitive development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Attention, Child, Child Development, Cognition, Computers, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Executive Function, Memory, Episodic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
