The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validity of DSM-IV attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom dimensions and subtypes.
Open accessAbstract
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) specify two dimensions of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms that are used to define three nominal subtypes: predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type (ADHD-H), predominantly inattentive type (ADHD-I), and combined type (ADHD-C). To aid decision making for DSM-5 and other future diagnostic systems, a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis of 546 studies was completed to evaluate the validity of the DSM-IV model of ADHD. Results indicated that DSM-IV criteria identify individuals with significant and persistent impairment in social, academic, occupational, and adaptive functioning when intelligence, demographic factors, and concurrent psychopathology are controlled. Available data overwhelmingly support the concurrent, predictive, and discriminant validity of the distinction between inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, and indicate that nearly all differences among the nominal subtypes are consistent with the relative levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms that define the subtypes. In contrast, the DSM-IV subtype model is compromised by weak evidence for the validity of ADHD-H after first grade, minimal support for the distinction between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in studies of etiological influences, academic and cognitive functioning, and treatment response, and the marked longitudinal instability of all three subtypes. Overall, we conclude that the DSM-IV ADHD subtypes provide a convenient clinical shorthand to describe the functional and behavioral correlates of current levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but do not identify discrete subgroups with sufficient long-term stability to justify the classification of distinct forms of the disorder. Empirical support is stronger for an alternative model that would replace the subtypes with dimensional modifiers that reflect the number of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms at the time of assessment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are associated with peer rejection, aggression, risky driving behaviors and accidental injuries.”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Meta-analyses indicate that inattention is more strongly associated with academic impairment, low self-esteem, negative occupational outcomes and lower overall adaptive functioning.”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The two most prevalent and valid diagnostic subtypes of ADHD are the combined subtype (ADHD-C) and the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I; [7, 64, 65]).”
From Prevalence and diagnostic validity of motivational impairments and deficits in visuospatial short-term memory and working memory in ADHD subtypes (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and with previous studies demonstrating that inattention, not hyperactivity/impulsivity, is associated with neuropsychological impairment in children with ADHD [7, 20, 27, 55, 56]”
From Prevalence and diagnostic validity of motivational impairments and deficits in visuospatial short-term memory and working memory in ADHD subtypes (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Patterns of associated disorders also differ between the dimensions”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Some studies have shown an instability or shift in subtypes over years in children with ADHD [61, 62].”
From ADHD subtype-specific cognitive correlates and association with self-esteem: a quantitative difference (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Children with any current ADHD presentation specifiers were eligible given the instability of ADHD presentations (92–94).”
From Working memory and inhibitory control deficits in children with ADHD: an experimental evaluation of competing model predictions (2024) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“In ADHD, hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentive patterns change over the course of development, and research published over the last two decades has proposed the existence of a potential ‘late-onset’ form, although this remains controversial25,27,307,308.”
From Sex and gender in neurodevelopmental conditions (2023) · cites this paper as [307]
In the citing paper
“BGB targets multiple EFs that are commonly impaired in children with ADHD: visuospatial WM, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility [51].”
In the citing paper
“Although they co-occur sufficiently often to be clustered in the syndrome of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention-disorganization comprise two partially separable symptom domains with distinct validation in regard to factor structure, clinical correlates, and neurobiology (Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Heterogeneity of executive function revealed by a functional random forest approach across ADHD and ASD (2020) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“these specific neurocognitive functions have been linked repeatedly with important behavioral and functional outcomes for children with ADHD.”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“Other meta-analyses have also shown that problems in set-shifting, if present, are often smaller in magnitude than deficits such as sustained attention and working memory (Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“many, if not most, children with ADHD display impairments in these areas (Rapport et al., 2013; Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“while research has not generally supported this possibility [4]”
From Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology (2019) · cites this paper as [4]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Construct validity in psychological tests.
Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0040957 · Cited by 11,195
Wasserman, S. S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,377
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment
Barkley, R. A., & Poillion, M. J. (1994) · Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/019874299401900205 · Cited by 4,635
The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis
(2019) · doi:10.7758/9781610448864 · Cited by 4,553
(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1073 · Cited by 3,372
Establishment of Diagnostic Validity in Psychiatric Illness: Its Application to Schizophrenia
ROBINS, E., & GUZE, S. B. (1970) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.126.7.983 · Cited by 2,243
Molina, B. S. G., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Vitiello, B., Jensen, P. S., Epstein, J. N., Hoza, B., Hechtman, L., Abikoff, H. B., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819c23d0 · Cited by 1,182
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
Gizer, I. R., Ficks, C., & Waldman, I. D. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x · Cited by 1,020
DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.11.1673 · Cited by 935
Self-citationChildhood predictors of adolescent substance use in a longitudinal study of children with ADHD
Molina, B. S. G., & Pelham, W. E. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.3.497 · Cited by 706
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1980 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC Third Edition
- American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC Fourth Edition
- Cantwell DP The diagnostic process and diagnostic classification in child psychiatry--DSM-III Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 1980 19 345 355 7410748
- Hedges LV Olkin I Statistical methods for meta-analysis 1985 Academic Press Orlando, FL
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 967
Zhang, D. (2018) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
Gerrard, L. D. (2018) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Kelleher, R. (2018) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)
Disentangling unity from diversity in developmental psychopathologyPreprint
Mendes, L. S. T., Polanczyk, G. V., Rohde, L. A., & Salum, G. A. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/616177
Self-citationBaberg-Collins, Z. (2019) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)
Examining Mother and Father (Dis)agreement of Youth Mental Health Among Ethnically Diverse Families
Vassilopoulos, A. (2019) · NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University)
Koltermann, G. (2018) · Americanae (AECID Library)
Predictors of Criminality and Substance Use in Adolescents with ADHD: A 23-Year Follow-up Study
Jensen, M. S. (2019) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
Los modelos bifactor vs. los modelos factoriales mixtos en la estructura factorial del TDAH
de Miguel, J. F. (2019) · Anuario de Psicología/The UB Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1344/anpsic2019.49.12
Exploración de los factores generales y específicos en la estructura del TDAH
de Miguel, J. F. (2019) · UVaDOC UVaDOC University of Valladolid Documentary Repository (University of Valladolid) · doi:10.35376/10324/35133
ADHD and Executive Functioning: A Meta-Analytic Study on Shifting and Cognitive Flexibility
Hinojosa, R. H. (2019) · OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries)
La hiperactividad de la escuela sobre la conducta de los niños
Castro, S., & Alexander, F. (2019)
Cusick, C. N. (2020) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/mcsj-dp32
Ellenbroek, B. A., & Youn, J. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801657-2.00008-2
Ward, A. R. (2019) · FIU - Digital Commons (Florida International University) · doi:10.25148/etd.fidc007064
Cummins, R. N. (2020) · Louisiana State University · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.5361
Friendship Quality in Adolescents with Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Rokeach, A. (2019) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Colonna, S. (2020) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)
Anker, E., Haavik, J., & Heir, T. (2019) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.2.14798/v1
Évaluation neuropsychologique pré/post ateliers de pleine conscience chez des enfants ayant un TDAH
Bourbeau, S. (2020) · Le dépôt institutionnel (Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières)
Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung im Erwachsenenalter
Sobanski, E., Alm, B., & Thome, J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49295-6_85
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Pokhriyal, S. (2021) · Advances in early childhood and K-12 education · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-7630-4.ch017
Time will tell: Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, attention and timing functioning in adults
Müller, K. (2021) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · doi:10.33612/diss.171005987
The Relations between Academic Achievement and Externalizing Behavior: Separating Fact from Fiction
Kulkarni, T. (2020) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
Bethune, S. C. (2021) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-27055
Assessment of attentional problems with and without learning disabilities
Martínez, D. A. (2018) · Consultation of the Doctoral Thesis Database (TESEO) (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte)
Lenguas y diálogo intercultural
Lenkersdof, C. (2003) · Digitum: Institutional Repository of the University of Murcia (University of Murcia)
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Nissley‐Tsiopinis, J., Krehbiel, C., & Power, T. J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7497-6_9
The impact of ADHD genetic risk on educational achievement: a comparative cross-national study
Dannemann, B. C., & Gören, E. (2022) · Oxford Economic Papers · doi:10.1093/oep/gpac019
A therapeutic arts-based program for youth
Hockin, D. W. (2014) · doi:10.24124/2014/bpgub1630
Meta-Analysis: MRI Volumetric Data of Children with ADHD SubtypesPreprint
Hysell, A. (2020) · Thesis Commons (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/8xusj
Girbau, D., & Korhonen, T. T. (2022) · Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders · doi:10.1558/jircd.19545
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA RECREAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO MOTOR DE ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
de Abreu, J. R. G., & de Oliveira, P. T. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-19
Thiengo, E. R., & Andrade, J. S. A. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-13
ATITUDES E HÁBITOS DE LEITURA DOS PROFESSORES NOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Santos, M. A. D. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-17
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA LUDICIDADE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA CRIANÇA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Lorencini, R. R., Resende, L. A., Baiôcco, L. V., & Pereira, D. A. D. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-6
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO LÚDICO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INTEGRAL DE CRIANÇAS DA PRÉ-ESCOLA
Guimarães, A. D. S., & Nunes, M. A. D. C. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-3
O ENSINO DE LITERATURA E A FORMAÇÃO DE LEITORES
de França, S. F., Luns, P. P. R., & Silva, G. P. D. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-10
Santiago, A. D. S., & Deorce, M. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-4
Pereira, N. D. S., & Sedano, M. D. C. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-18
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA LEITURA NA EJA
Barreto, S. M. D. C., & Polonine, I. C. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-11
Tuão, A. R., & Deorce, M. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-1
PARÁBOLAS E IMAGENS PARA DESENVOLVER COM ALUNOS DA EJA DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
de Oliveira, I. E. P., & de Freitas, J. L. P. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-12
A MÚSICA E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA O AUTISTA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Thiengo, E. R., & Santos, F. K. G. G. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-8
PRÁTICAS AVALIATIVAS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FISICA, NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM PRESIDENTE KENNEDY-ES
de Abreu, J. R. G., & da Costa, L. B. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-14
GESTÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL NO MUNICÍPIO DE PRESIDENTE KENNEDY- ES
Gonçalves, D. C., & dos Santos, G. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-9
TDAH NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E ANOS INICIAIS: CAUSAS E ABORDAGENS PEDAGÓGICAS
Lago, V. M., & de Oliveira, C. M. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-5
Pereira, N. D. S., & da Costa, M. P. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-16
MUSICALIZAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL: ATIVIDADES LÚDICAS, TECNOLOGICAS E SOCIALIZAÇÃO
Sampaio, A. D. S., Ribeiro, P. D. S., Pereira, D. A. D. S., & de França, S. F. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-2
Lago, V. M., & Rodrigues, L. D. S. (2023) · Diálogo Comunicação e Marketing eBooks · doi:10.29327/5207498.1-15
DSM-5 and Clinical Child Psychology
Dupré, A. S., & Spano, P. (2023) · Autism and child psychopathology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-24926-6_5
Prediction of ADHD in adolescents utilizing fMRI-based individual cortical thickness measurements
Dengler, J., Ayaz, H., & Medaglia, J. D. (2023) · iDEA - Drexel University Institutional Repository · doi:10.17918/00001724
Knyazev, V., & Зеленін, В. (2023) · Conhecimento & Diversidade · doi:10.18316/rcd.v15i38.11036
Häufigkeit und Begleitsymptomatik
Kilian, B., & Sidiropoulos, K. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65726-3_2
ADHD Symptoms Among Adolescents: Factor Structure Based on Mother and Adolescent Self-Ratings
Gomez, R., Watson, S., & Brown, T. (2023) · Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.2174/0122106766260667231024043828
Updates to the validity evidence based on the internal structure of the ASRS-18
Porto, T. I., Murgo, C. S., Barros, L. D. O., & de Souza, A. P. (2023) · Ciencias Psicológicas · doi:10.22235/cp.v17i2.3092
ADHD Symptoms and Literacy Characteristics of Elementary School Students
Lee, E. J. (2023) · Eon'eo cheong'gag jang'ae yeon'gu/Communication sciences & disorders · doi:10.12963/csd.231008
Li, S., Huang, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, Z., Luo, T., Wang, M., Situ, M., Liu, P., Yuan, J., & Huang, Y. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3848956/v1
Candal, A., Châtelain, S., & Verdon, V. (2022) · Neuropsychologie clinique et appliquée · doi:10.46278/j.ncacn.20220422
Kaufman, A. S., Kaufman, N. L., Sparrow, E. P., & Erhardt, D. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260508.ch1
ASSESSING ADHD : GOALS AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES
Kaufman, A. S., Kaufman, N. L., Sparrow, E. P., & Erhardt, D. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394260508.ch3
Austgulen, A., Skram, N. K. G., Haavik, J., & Lundervold, A. J. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24002708
Ayala, F. J. (2023) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20623251
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Rossi, A. S. U., & de Mello, C. B. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-56980-7_2
Audiovisual Decision-Making and Sensory Evidence Weighting in Young Adults with ADHD-like TraitsPreprint
Tuip, R. R. M., Lorteije, J. A. M., Jansen, L. M. C., Dekkers, T. J., & Filip Van Opstal, A. (2024) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/rqx6y
Kukay, A., & McKinney, C. (2025) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-024-02974-0
Naruka, K., Meena, S. K., & Jain, N. (2025) · Journal of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10057-0237
Krstić, T., Milovanović, I. Z., Stojadinović, A., Ignjatović, V. B., & Nikolašević, Ž. (2025) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000437
Examining school climate and sleep in adolescents with and without ADHD
Green, C. D., Chan, E. S. M., Langberg, J. M., & Becker, S. P. (2025) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2025.03.008
Prevalence of mental disorders among young males in Swedish compulsory residential care
Jalling, C., & Kristiansson, M. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1657469
Jiang, Z., Zhang, W., Liu, Z., Yang, K., Yang, Q., Zheng, Y., & Cui, Y. (2025) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-025-10221-y
Pan, L., Ru, M., Huang, Y., Luo, W., Li, L., Luo, Y., Lin, E., Kong, M., Chen, Q., Luo, Y., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1655548
Tuip, R. R. M., Lorteije, J. A. M., Jansen, L. M. C., Dekkers, T. J., & Filip Van Opstal, A. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-24668-3
Classification of multivariate functional data with an application to ADHD fMRI data
Seong, Y., Gauran, I. I., Kim, H., Ombao, H., & Park, J. (2025) · Journal of Applied Statistics · doi:10.1080/02664763.2025.2567979
Wang, C., Li, Z., Su, J., Wang, M., Yang, H., & Zhang, G. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-26014-8
Hai, T. M. (2018) · Libraries and Cultural Resources (University of Calgary) · doi:10.11575/prism/33119
Krakowski, A. D., Cost, K. T., Anagnostou, E. A., Lai, M.-C., Crosbie, J., Schachar, R. J., Georgiades, S., Duku, E., & Szatmári, P. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12196992
Trajectories of Clinician Competence and Student Engagement During an Adolescent ADHD Intervention
Sommer, S. L. (2023) · University Libraries (University of Maryland) · doi:10.13016/dspace/8rj9-kabv
Choi, J.-W., Jung, A.-H., Nam, S., Kim, K. M., Kim, J. W., Kim, S. Y., Kim, B.-N., & Kim, J.-W. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12806085
Stein, H. E. (2025) · Gutenberg Open Science · doi:10.25358/openscience-11084
ADHD e famiglie: prospettive trasformative di educazione genitoriale
Bullegas, D. (2023) · Use Siena air (University of Siena) · doi:10.25434/bullegas-daniele_phd2023
Arpawong, T. E., Klopack, E. T., Kim, J. K., & Crimmins, E. M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22706037
Kaiser, A. (2021) · heiDOK (Heidelberg University) · doi:10.11588/heidok.00030332
Smit, S. (2024) · cIRcle (University of British Columbia) · doi:10.14288/1.0445049
Biological Substrates of Waiting Impulsivity in Children and Adolescents with and without ADHD
Peters, K. (2021) · Online Publication Service of Würzburg University (Würzburg University) · doi:10.25972/opus-24636
Cognitieve ontwikkeling van kleuters met een risico op dyslexie en ADHD
Kellens, S. (2024) · Lirias (KU Leuven)
Langtímarannsókn á tengslum ADHD einkenna á leikskólaaldri við námsárangur í grunnskóla
Jensdóttir, S. F. (2013) · Skemman
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Latino Youth
Binns Fabius, K., & Mindel, S. P. (2018) · Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)
Gómez-Simón, I., & de la Salut, U. A. D. B. D. D. P. C. I. (2015) · Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Self-report of symptoms in adolescents with ADHD
Love Connors, L. L. (2013) · York University Digital Library (York University)
Tovar-Suárez, D. (2023) · Repositorio de Patentes de la Universidad de Almería (Universidad de Almería)
Cano-Crespo, A. (2024) · Deposito de Investigacion Universidad de Sevilla (University of Seville)
Litróf ADHD í kennslustofunni : hvaðan koma þessi einkenni?
Eyjólfsdóttir, B. (2024) · Skemman
Fernández Martín, P. (2024) · Repositorio de Patentes de la Universidad de Almería (Universidad de Almería)
Metadata
- Authors
- Willcutt, E. G., Nigg, J. T., Pennington, B. F., Solanto, M. V., Rohde, L. A., Tannock, R., Loo, S. K., Carlson, C. L., McBurnett, K., & Lahey, B. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- University of Denver (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 991-1010
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- PMC
- PMC3622557
- OpenAlex
- W2122790331
- Cited by
- 887
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 49.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 MH59105, R01 MH59111, R01 MH53554, R01 HD 47264, R01 MH 63207, R01 HD 38526, P50 HD 27802, R01 MH 70037, P50 MH 79485, R01 DA 24002, R01 MH 63941, R01 62120)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, ADHD subtypes, inattentive symptoms, hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, diagnostic validity, concurrent validity, predictive validity, discriminant validity, longitudinal stability, DSM-5
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
