The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validity of DSM-IV attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom dimensions and subtypes.
Open accessAbstract
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) specify two dimensions of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms that are used to define three nominal subtypes: predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type (ADHD-H), predominantly inattentive type (ADHD-I), and combined type (ADHD-C). To aid decision making for DSM-5 and other future diagnostic systems, a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis of 546 studies was completed to evaluate the validity of the DSM-IV model of ADHD. Results indicated that DSM-IV criteria identify individuals with significant and persistent impairment in social, academic, occupational, and adaptive functioning when intelligence, demographic factors, and concurrent psychopathology are controlled. Available data overwhelmingly support the concurrent, predictive, and discriminant validity of the distinction between inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, and indicate that nearly all differences among the nominal subtypes are consistent with the relative levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms that define the subtypes. In contrast, the DSM-IV subtype model is compromised by weak evidence for the validity of ADHD-H after first grade, minimal support for the distinction between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in studies of etiological influences, academic and cognitive functioning, and treatment response, and the marked longitudinal instability of all three subtypes. Overall, we conclude that the DSM-IV ADHD subtypes provide a convenient clinical shorthand to describe the functional and behavioral correlates of current levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms, but do not identify discrete subgroups with sufficient long-term stability to justify the classification of distinct forms of the disorder. Empirical support is stronger for an alternative model that would replace the subtypes with dimensional modifiers that reflect the number of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms at the time of assessment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms are associated with peer rejection, aggression, risky driving behaviors and accidental injuries.”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Meta-analyses indicate that inattention is more strongly associated with academic impairment, low self-esteem, negative occupational outcomes and lower overall adaptive functioning.”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The two most prevalent and valid diagnostic subtypes of ADHD are the combined subtype (ADHD-C) and the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I; [7, 64, 65]).”
From Prevalence and diagnostic validity of motivational impairments and deficits in visuospatial short-term memory and working memory in ADHD subtypes (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“and with previous studies demonstrating that inattention, not hyperactivity/impulsivity, is associated with neuropsychological impairment in children with ADHD [7, 20, 27, 55, 56]”
From Prevalence and diagnostic validity of motivational impairments and deficits in visuospatial short-term memory and working memory in ADHD subtypes (2015) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Patterns of associated disorders also differ between the dimensions”
From The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder (2021) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Some studies have shown an instability or shift in subtypes over years in children with ADHD [61, 62].”
From ADHD subtype-specific cognitive correlates and association with self-esteem: a quantitative difference (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Children with any current ADHD presentation specifiers were eligible given the instability of ADHD presentations (92–94).”
From Working memory and inhibitory control deficits in children with ADHD: an experimental evaluation of competing model predictions (2024) · cites this paper as [94]
In the citing paper
“In ADHD, hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattentive patterns change over the course of development, and research published over the last two decades has proposed the existence of a potential ‘late-onset’ form, although this remains controversial25,27,307,308.”
From Sex and gender in neurodevelopmental conditions (2023) · cites this paper as [307]
In the citing paper
“BGB targets multiple EFs that are commonly impaired in children with ADHD: visuospatial WM, response inhibition, and cognitive flexibility [51].”
In the citing paper
“Although they co-occur sufficiently often to be clustered in the syndrome of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention-disorganization comprise two partially separable symptom domains with distinct validation in regard to factor structure, clinical correlates, and neurobiology (Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Heterogeneity of executive function revealed by a functional random forest approach across ADHD and ASD (2020) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“these specific neurocognitive functions have been linked repeatedly with important behavioral and functional outcomes for children with ADHD.”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“Other meta-analyses have also shown that problems in set-shifting, if present, are often smaller in magnitude than deficits such as sustained attention and working memory (Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“many, if not most, children with ADHD display impairments in these areas (Rapport et al., 2013; Willcutt et al., 2012).”
From Improving Outcomes for Youth with ADHD: A Conceptual Framework for Combined Neurocognitive and Skill-Based Treatment Approaches (2014) · cites this paper as Willcutt et al., 2012
In the citing paper
“while research has not generally supported this possibility [4]”
From Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology (2019) · cites this paper as [4]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Construct validity in psychological tests.
Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0040957 · Cited by 11,195
Wasserman, S. S., Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1988) · Journal of Educational Statistics · doi:10.2307/1164953 · Cited by 10,377
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment
Barkley, R. A., & Poillion, M. J. (1994) · Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/019874299401900205 · Cited by 4,635
The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis
(2019) · doi:10.7758/9781610448864 · Cited by 4,553
(1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.12.1073 · Cited by 3,372
Establishment of Diagnostic Validity in Psychiatric Illness: Its Application to Schizophrenia
ROBINS, E., & GUZE, S. B. (1970) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.126.7.983 · Cited by 2,243
Molina, B. S. G., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Vitiello, B., Jensen, P. S., Epstein, J. N., Hoza, B., Hechtman, L., Abikoff, H. B., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819c23d0 · Cited by 1,182
Candidate gene studies of ADHD: a meta-analytic review
Gizer, I. R., Ficks, C., & Waldman, I. D. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0694-x · Cited by 1,020
DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.11.1673 · Cited by 935
Self-citationChildhood predictors of adolescent substance use in a longitudinal study of children with ADHD
Molina, B. S. G., & Pelham, W. E. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.3.497 · Cited by 706
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1980 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC Third Edition
- American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC Fourth Edition
- Cantwell DP The diagnostic process and diagnostic classification in child psychiatry--DSM-III Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 1980 19 345 355 7410748
- Hedges LV Olkin I Statistical methods for meta-analysis 1985 Academic Press Orlando, FL
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 967
ADHD in Children and Adults: Diagnosis and Prognosis
Kieling, R. R., & Rohde, L. A. (2010) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2010_115 · Cited by 82
Self-citationBecker, S. P., Burns, G. L., Smith, Z. R., & Langberg, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-019-00603-9 · Cited by 81
Miranda, A., Colomer, C., Mercader, J., Fernández, M. I., & Presentación, M. J. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00545 · Cited by 80
Child, A. E., Cirino, P. T., Fletcher, J. M., Willcutt, E. G., & Fuchs, L. S. (2019) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/0022219418775115 · Cited by 80
Self-citationAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Matthews, M., Nigg, J. T., & Fair, D. A. (2013) · Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · doi:10.1007/7854_2013_249 · Cited by 80
Self-citationAre sluggish cognitive tempo and daytime sleepiness distinct constructs?
Langberg, J. M., Becker, S. P., Dvorsky, M. R., & Luebbe, A. M. (2014) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/a0036276 · Cited by 79
Smoking during pregnancy and ADHD risk: A genetically informed, multiple‐rater approach
Knopik, V. S., Marceau, K., Bidwell, L. C., Palmer, R. H. C., Smith, T. F., Todorov, A. A., Evans, A. S., & Heath, A. C. (2016) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32421 · Cited by 79
Parental Psychopathology in Families of Children with ADHD: A Meta-analysis
Cheung, K., & Theule, J. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0499-1 · Cited by 79
A preliminary study of the effects of working memory training on brain function
Stevens, M. C. G., Gaynor, A. M., Bessette, K. L., & Pearlson, G. D. (2015) · Brain Imaging and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11682-015-9416-2 · Cited by 80
Lahey, B. B., Lee, S. S., Sibley, M. H., Applegate, B., Molina, B. S. G., & Pelham, W. E. (2016) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000086 · Cited by 78
Self-citationThe Roles of Phasic and Tonic Dopamine in Tic Learning and Expression
Maia, T. V., & Conceição, V. A. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025 · Cited by 78
Qureshi, M. N. I., Oh, J., Min, B., Jo, H. J., & Lee, B. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00157 · Cited by 77
Becker, S. P., Fite, P. J., Garner, A. A., Greening, L., Stoppelbein, L., & Luebbe, A. M. (2013) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.07.001 · Cited by 76
Peña, I. D., Pan, M. C., Thai, C. G., & Alisso, T. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10050292 · Cited by 76
ADHD and Learning Disabilities in Former Late Preterm Infants: A Population-Based Birth Cohort
Harris, M. N., Voigt, R. G., Barbaresi, W. J., Voge, G. A., Killian, J. M., Weaver, A. L., Colby, C. E., Carey, W. A., & Katusic, S. K. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3588 · Cited by 75
Karaca, S., Saleh, A., Canan, F., & Potenza, M. N. (2016) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-016-9660-8 · Cited by 75
Jonkman, L. M., Markus, C. R., Franklin, M. S., & van Dalfsen, J. H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181213 · Cited by 75
Topical review: sluggish cognitive tempo: research findings and relevance for pediatric psychology
Becker, S. P. (2013) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jst058 · Cited by 74
Peterson, R. L., Connery, A. K., Baker, D. A., & Kirkwood, M. W. (2015) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14120373 · Cited by 74
Cecil, C. A. M., & Nigg, J. T. (2022) · Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40291-022-00609-y · Cited by 74
Self-citationBecker, S. P. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.007 · Cited by 73
Bernad, M. D. M., Servera, M., Grases, G., Vázquez, S. C., & Burns, G. L. (2014) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-014-9866-9 · Cited by 73
Differentiating SCT and inattentive symptoms in ADHD using fMRI measures of cognitive control
Fassbender, C., Krafft, C. E., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2015) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2015.05.007 · Cited by 72
Becker, S. P., Luebbe, A. M., & Langberg, J. M. (2014) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-014-0436-8 · Cited by 72
Lenartowicz, A., Mazaheri, A., Jensen, O. B., & Loo, S. K. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.09.009 · Cited by 72
Self-citationGarrido, L. E., Barrada, J. R., Aguasvivas, J., Martínez‐Molina, A., Arias, V. B., Golino, H. F., Legaz, E., Ferrís, G., & Rojo‐Moreno, L. (2018) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191118780461 · Cited by 72
A network analysis approach to ADHD symptoms: More than the sum of its parts
Silk, T. J., Malpas, C. B., Beare, R. J., Efron, D., Anderson, V. A., Hazell, P., Jongeling, B., Nicholson, J. M., & Sciberras, E. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0211053 · Cited by 72
Nigg, J. T., Tannock, R., & Rohde, L. A. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2010.517171 · Cited by 71
Self-citationThe genetics of reading disabilities: from phenotypes to candidate genes.
Raskind, W. H., Peter, B., Richards, T., Eckert, M. M., & Berninger, V. W. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00601 · Cited by 71
Externalizing Behavior Problems and Low Academic Achievement: Does a Causal Relation Exist?
Kulkarni, T., Sullivan, A. L., & Kim, J. (2020) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-020-09582-6 · Cited by 71
Bidwell, L. C., Henry, E. A., Willcutt, E. G., Kinnear, M., & Ito, T. A. (2013) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.11.013 · Cited by 71
Self-citationEvidence for a General ADHD Factor from a Longitudinal General School Population Study
Normand, S., Flora, D. B., Toplak, M. E., & Tannock, R. (2011) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-011-9584-5 · Cited by 70
Self-citationPrevalence and diagnostic stability of ADHD and ODD in Turkish children: a 4-year longitudinal study
Ercan, E. S., Kandulu, R., Uslu, E., Ardic, U., Yazıcı, K. U., Başay, B. K., Aydın, C., & Rohde, L. A. (2013) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/1753-2000-7-30 · Cited by 70
Self-citationADHD symptoms and their neurodevelopmental correlates in children born very preterm
Montagna, A., Karolis, V. R., Batallé, D., Counsell, S. J., Rutherford, M., Arulkumaran, S., Happe, F. G. E., Edwards, A. D., & Nosarti, C. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0224343 · Cited by 69
Evidence for shared genetic risk between ADHD symptoms and reduced mathematics ability: a twin study
Greven, C. U., Kovas, Y. V., Willcutt, E. G., Petrill, S. A., & Plomin, R. J. (2013) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12090 · Cited by 69
Self-citationDevelopment of Hot and Cold Executive Function in Boys and Girls With ADHD
Skogli, E. W., Andersen, P. N., Hovik, K. T., & Øie, M. G. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054714524984 · Cited by 69
Cordova, M., Antovich, D. M., Ryabinin, P., Neighbor, C., Mooney, M. A., Dieckmann, N. F., Miranda-Domínguez, Ó., Nagel, B. J., Fair, D. A., & Nigg, J. T. (2021) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.030 · Cited by 69
Self-citationExecutive functions and writing skills in children with and without ADHD.
Soto, E. F., Irwin, L. N., Chan, E. S. M., Spiegel, J. A., & Kofler, M. J. (2021) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000769 · Cited by 68
Stokes, J. D., Rizzo, A., Geng, J. J., & Schweitzer, J. B. (2022) · Frontiers in Virtual Reality · doi:10.3389/frvir.2022.855895 · Cited by 68
Baroni, A., & Castellanos, F. X. (2014) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2014.08.005 · Cited by 68
Childhood trajectories of inattention-hyperactivity and academic achievement at 12 years
Salla, J., Michel, G., Pingault, J., Lacourse, É., Paquin, S., Galéra, C., Falissard, B., Boivin, M., Tremblay, R. E., & Côté, S. M. (2016) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-016-0843-4 · Cited by 68
Nelson, J. M., & Liebel, S. W. (2017) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2017.1382499 · Cited by 68
Moruzzi, S., Rijsdijk, F., & Battaglia, M. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9725-0 · Cited by 67
Dovis, S., Van der Oord, S., Wiers, R. W., & Prins, P. J. M. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-013-9729-9 · Cited by 67
Haack, L. M., Villodas, M. T., McBurnett, K., Hinshaw, S. P., & Pfiffner, L. J. (2016) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-016-0199-8 · Cited by 69
Self-citationSpecificity of executive functioning and processing speed problems in common psychopathology.
Nigg, J. T., Jester, J. M., Stavro, G. M., Ip, K. I., Puttler, L. I., & Zucker, R. A. (2017) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000343 · Cited by 68
Self-citationRondon, A. T., Hilton, D. C., Jarrett, M. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2020) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054718756197 · Cited by 66
A Potential Role for Neuroinflammation in ADHD
Vázquez-González, D., Carreón-Trujillo, S., Álvarez‐Arellano, L., Abarca-Merlin, D. M., Domínguez-López, P., Salazar–García, M., & Corona, J. C. (2023) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_15 · Cited by 65
Assessment of Wakefulness and Brain Arousal Regulation in Psychiatric Research
Sander, C., Hensch, T., Wittekind, D. A., Böttger, D., & Hegerl, U. (2015) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000439384 · Cited by 65
Tamm, L., Garner, A. A., Loren, R. E. A., Epstein, J. N., Vaughn, A. J., Ciesielski, H. A., & Becker, S. P. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.05.054 · Cited by 64
Potter, A. S., Schaubhut, G., & Shipman, M. (2014) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-014-0208-9 · Cited by 64
Genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: current findings and future directions
Akutagava‐Martins, G. C., Salatino‐Oliveira, A., Kieling, C., Rohde, L. A., & Hutz, M. H. (2013) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/ern.13.30 · Cited by 64
Self-citationDo Parent and Teacher Ratings of ADHD Reflect the Same Constructs? A Measurement Invariance Analysis
Jungersen, C. M., & Lonigan, C. J. (2021) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-021-09874-3 · Cited by 64
Neurocognitive Predictors of ADHD Outcome: a 6-Year Follow-up Study
van Lieshout, M., Luman, M., Twisk, J. W. R., Faraone, S. V., Heslenfeld, D. J., Hartman, C. A., Hoekstra, P. J., Franke, B., Buitelaar, J. K., Rommelse, N. N. J., et al. (2016) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-016-0175-3 · Cited by 63
Arias, V. B., Ponce, F. P., & Núñez, D. (2016) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191116679260 · Cited by 63
Fenollar-Cortés, J., Martínez, A. G., & Fuentes, L. J. (2017) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.003 · Cited by 63
ADHD and hyperkinetic disorder
Sonuga‐Barke, E. J. S., & Taylor, E. (2015) · Rutter's Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/9781118381953.ch55 · Cited by 62
Are sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms associated with executive functioning in preschoolers?
Tamm, L., Brenner, S. B., Bamberger, M. E., & Becker, S. P. (2018) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2016.1225707 · Cited by 61
“, 2007) than those in school-aged children (Willcutt et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA Cross-Lagged Model of the Development of ADHD Inattention Symptoms and Rapid Naming Speed
Arnett, A. B., Pennington, B. F., Willcutt, E. G., Dmitrieva, J., Byrne, B., Samuelsson, S., & Olson, R. K. (2012) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-012-9644-5 · Cited by 61
Self-citationFriendship Quality in Adolescents With ADHD
Rokeach, A., & Wiener, J. (2017) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054717735380 · Cited by 61
Lin, H., Gau, S. S., Hwang-Gu, S.-L., Shang, C., Wu, M. Y., & Tseng, W. I. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713001955 · Cited by 61
Owens, M. M., Allgaier, N. A., Hahn, S., Yuan, D., Albaugh, M. D., Adise, S., Chaarani, B., Ortigara, J., Juliano, A., Potter, A., et al. (2021) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-020-01192-8 · Cited by 60
Investigating late‐onset ADHD : a population cohort investigation
Cooper, M., Hammerton, G., Collishaw, S., Langley, K., Thapar, A., Dalsgaard, S., Stergiakouli, E., Tilling, K. M., Smith, G. D., Maughan, B., et al. (2018) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12911 · Cited by 60
Identifying comorbid ADHD in autism: Attending to the inattentive presentation
Rau, S., Skapek, M., Tiplady, K., Seese, S., Burns, A., Armour, A. C., & Kenworthy, L. E. (2019) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101468 · Cited by 60
Aberrant brain dynamics and spectral power in children with ADHD and its subtypes
Luo, N., Luo, X., Zheng, S., Yao, D., Zhao, M., Cui, Y. J., Zhu, Y., Calhoun, V. D., Sun, L., & Jing Sui （Beijing Normal University）， my correct affiliation is beijing normal university, N. Q. U. O. S. A. T. (2022) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-022-02068-6 · Cited by 59
Zendarski, N. J., Haebich, K. M., Bhide, S., Quek, J., Nicholson, J. M., Jacobs, K., Efron, D., & Sciberras, E. (2020) · Early Childhood Research Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2019.12.006 · Cited by 59
Michelini, G., Eley, T. C., Gregory, A. M., & McAdams, T. A. (2014) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12318 · Cited by 58
Zoromski, A. K., Owens, J. S., Evans, S. W., & Brady, C. E. (2015) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-015-0017-8 · Cited by 58
Cognitive Load Differentially Impacts Response Control in Girls and Boys with ADHD
Seymour, K. E., Mostofsky, S. H., & Rosch, K. S. (2015) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-015-9976-z · Cited by 57
Targeting Functional Impairments in the Treatment of Children and Adolescents with ADHD
Sasser, T. R., Schoenfelder, E. N., & Stein, M. A. (2016) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-016-0400-1 · Cited by 56
Fredrick, J. W., & Becker, S. P. (2022) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-022-00411-6 · Cited by 56
Parenting Mediates Symptoms and Impairment in Children With ADHD-Inattentive Type
Haack, L. M., Villodas, M. T., McBurnett, K., Hinshaw, S. P., & Pfiffner, L. J. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2014.958840 · Cited by 55
Self-citationLambek, R., & Trillingsgaard, A. (2015) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.018 · Cited by 55
Willoughby, M. T., Gottfredson, N. C., Stifter, C. A., & The Family Life Project Investigators (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415001236 · Cited by 55
Lisdahl, K. M., Tamm, L., Epstein, J. N., Jernigan, T. L., Molina, B. S. G., Hinshaw, S. P., Swanson, J. M., Newman, E. R., Kelly, C. A. M., Bjork, J. M., et al. (2016) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.032 · Cited by 55
Do children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have set shifting deficits?
Irwin, L. N., Kofler, M. J., Soto, E. F., & Groves, N. B. (2019) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000546 · Cited by 54
Cordova, M., Shada, K., Demeter, D. V., Doyle, O., Miranda-Dominguez, O., Perrone, A., Schifsky, E., Graham, A., Fombonne, E., Langhorst, B., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102245 · Cited by 54
Self-citationVisser, L., Linkersdörfer, J., & Hasselhorn, M. (2019) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2019.103552 · Cited by 54
Factor Structure of Autistic Traits in Children with ADHD
Martin, J., Hamshere, M. L., O’Donovan, M. C., Rutter, M. L., & Thapar, A. (2013) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-013-1865-0 · Cited by 54
Krakowski, A. D., Cost, K. T., Anagnostou, E. A., Lai, M., Crosbie, J., Schachar, R. J., Georgiades, S., Duku, E., & Szatmári, P. (2020) · Molecular Autism · doi:10.1186/s13229-020-00338-1 · Cited by 54
Li, Y., Cha, C., Lv, X., Liu, J., He, J., Pang, Q., Meng, L., Kuang, H., & Fan, R. (2020) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09421-9 · Cited by 54
McQuade, J. D., & Breaux, R. P. (2017) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-016-0227-8 · Cited by 52
Melegari, M. G., Bruni, O., Sacco, R., Barni, D., Sette, S., & Donfrancesco, R. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.078 · Cited by 52
Molavi, P., Nadermohammadi, M., Salvat Ghojehbeiglou, H., Vicario, C. M., Nitsche, M. A., & Salehinejad, M. A. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02887-4 · Cited by 51
“Some studies have shown an instability or shift in subtypes over years in children with ADHD [61, 62].”
BackgroundAttention deficits and hyperactivity–impulsivity: What have we learned, what next?
Nigg, J. T. (2013) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579413000734 · Cited by 51
Self-citationNigg, J. T., Elmore, A. L., Natarajan, N., Friderici, K. H., & Nikolas, M. A. (2015) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/0956797615618365 · Cited by 51
Self-citationLeffa, D. T., Panzenhagen, A. C., Salvi, A. A., Bau, C. H. D., Pires, G. N., Torres, I. L. D. S., Rohde, L. A., Rovaris, D. L., & Grevet, E. H. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.02.019 · Cited by 51
Self-citationComparing directed functional connectivity between groups with confirmatory subgrouping GIMME
Henry, T. R., Feczko, E., Cordova, M., Earl, E., Williams, S., Nigg, J. T., Fair, D. A., & Gates, K. M. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.12.040 · Cited by 50
Self-citationBourchtein, E., Langberg, J. M., Cusick, C. N., Breaux, R., Smith, Z. R., & Becker, S. P. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsy101 · Cited by 50
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Antshel, K. M., & Barkley, R. A. (2020) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64148-9.00003-x · Cited by 50
Reduced subcortical volumes among preschool-age girls and boys with ADHD
Rosch, K. S., Crocetti, D., Hirabayashi, K., Denckla, M. B., Mostofsky, S. H., & Mahone, E. M. (2018) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.10.013 · Cited by 49
How much impairment is required for ADHD? No evidence of a discrete threshold
Arildskov, T. W., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Thomsen, P. H., Virring, A., & Østergaard, S. D. (2021) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13440 · Cited by 49
Stevens, M. C. G., Pearlson, G. D., Calhoun, V. D., & Bessette, K. L. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.09.005 · Cited by 49
Lin, H., Cocchi, L., Zalesky, A., Lv, J., Perry, A., Tseng, W. I., Kundu, P., Breakspear, M. J., & Gau, S. S. (2018) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291718000028 · Cited by 49
Rimvall, M. K., Elberling, H., Rask, C. U., Helenius, D., Skovgaard, A. M., & Jeppesen, P. (2014) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0546-7 · Cited by 49
Co-Occurrence of ODD and CD in Preschool Children With Symptoms of ADHD
Bendiksen, B., Svensson, E., Aase, H., Reichborn‐Kjennerud, T., Friis, S., Myhre, A. M., & Zeiner, P. (2014) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054714538655 · Cited by 48
Anderson, K. N., Dutton, A. C., Broussard, C. S., Farr, S. L., Lind, J. N., Visser, S. N., Ailes, E. C., Shapira, S. K., Reefhuis, J., & Tinker, S. C. (2018) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054718759753 · Cited by 48
Cognitive mechanisms underlying depressive disorders in ADHD: A systematic review
Mayer, J. S., Bernhard, A., Fann, N., Boxhoorn, S., Hartman, C. A., Reif, A., & Freitag, C. M. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.018 · Cited by 48
Attentional economics links value-modulated attentional capture and decision-making
Pearson, D., Watson, P., Albertella, L., & Pelley, M. E. L. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00053-z · Cited by 51
Jarrett, M. A., & Hilton, D. C. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119092254.ch10 · Cited by 47
Metadata
- Authors
- Willcutt, E. G., Nigg, J. T., Pennington, B. F., Solanto, M. V., Rohde, L. A., Tannock, R., Loo, S. K., Carlson, C. L., McBurnett, K., & Lahey, B. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- University of Denver (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 991-1010
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- PMC
- PMC3622557
- OpenAlex
- W2122790331
- Cited by
- 887
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 77 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 89 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 73 · 2013: 54 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 49.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01 MH59105, R01 MH59111, R01 MH53554, R01 HD 47264, R01 MH 63207, R01 HD 38526, P50 HD 27802, R01 MH 70037, P50 MH 79485, R01 DA 24002, R01 MH 63941, R01 62120)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, ADHD subtypes, inattentive symptoms, hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms, diagnostic validity, concurrent validity, predictive validity, discriminant validity, longitudinal stability, DSM-5
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
