Adolescent support seeking as a path to adult functional independence
Open accessAbstract
The potential importance of depending on others during adolescence to establish independence in young adulthood was examined across adolescence to emerging adulthood. Participants included 184 teens (46% male; 42% non-White), their mothers, best friends, and romantic partners, assessed at ages 13-14, 18, 21-22, and 25. Path analyses showed that associations were both partner and age specific: markers of independence were predicted by participants' efforts to seek support from mothers at age 13, best friends at 18, and romantic partners at 21. More important, analyses controlled for support seeking from these partners at other ages, as well as for other potentially confounding variables including attachment security, scholastic/job competence, and physical attractiveness over time. Moreover, analyses suggested the transfer of support seeking behavior from mothers to best friends to romantic partners over time based on support given by the previous partner at an earlier age. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Adolescence is a period characterized by development of independence.
“Adolescence is a period characterized by development of independence (Szwedo et al., 2017)”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Szwedo et al., 2017
Adolescence is a period characterized by an increased development of independence.
“Adolescence on the other hand is a period characterized by an increased development of independence (Szwedo et al., 2017).”
From A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression (2022) · cites this paper as Szwedo et al., 2017
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Cites
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“Each of these constructs has been linked in previous research to a greater provision of help and support from others, as well as to outcomes of interest to this study (Ceci & Williams, 1997; Kobak & Sceery, 1988; Langlois et al., 2000).”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression
Vigdal, J. S., & Brønnick, K. K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872981 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
“Adolescence is a period characterized by development of independence (Szwedo et al., 2017) and in adolescence depression and anxiety starts to be expressed in the same way as in adults (Keijsers and Poulin, 2013).”
BackgroundResult
- Authors
- Szwedo, D. E., Hessel, E. T., Loeb, E. L., Hafen, C. A., & Allen, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 949-961
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- PMC
- PMC5469408
- OpenAlex
- W2601132753
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (9R01 HD058305-11A1 & R01-MH58066)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Keywords
- functional independence, emerging adulthood, romantic partners, best friends, mothers, social support, attachment security, physical attractiveness, job competence
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Adult, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Object Attachment, Sexual Partners, Social Support, Personal Autonomy, Friends, Young Adult
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