Why g matters: The complexity of everyday life
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Tests with high g loadings demand higher cognitive complexity, and tests with low g loadings demand lower cognitive complexity.
“Tests with high g loadings demand higher cognitive complexity, and tests with low g loadings demand lower cognitive complexity [3,5].”
From Spearman’s Hypothesis Tested on Black Adults: A Meta-Analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
Overall intelligence is consistently associated with academic, social, and vocational success.
“which is consistently associated with academic, social, and vocational success [20,21].”
From Dual N-back working memory training in healthy adults: A randomized comparison to processing speed training. (2016) · cites this paper as [20]
Cites
Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Klitgaard, R. E., & Gardner, H. (1984) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.2307/3324560 · Cited by 13,639 · see citing works
Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Hammer, T. H., Anderson, J. F., Gurdon, M. A., Jick, T. D., Petit, A., Stern, R. N., Schwartz, H., Vardi, Y., & Dunnette, M. D. (1977) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2391755 · Cited by 11,947 · see citing works
THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS AND JOB PERFORMANCE: A META‐ANALYSIS
BARRICK, M. R., & MOUNT, M. K. (1991) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1991.tb00688.x · Cited by 8,689 · see citing works
Schwarz, S. (1941) · Columbia University Press eBooks · doi:10.7312/schw92626-009 · Cited by 4,698 · see citing works
The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life.
Preston, S. H., Herrnstein, R. J., & Murray, C. A. (1995) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.2307/2137757 · Cited by 4,027 · see citing works
Denning, P. J. (1983) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/358150.358154 · Cited by 3,927 · see citing works
Human cognitive abilities a survey of factor-analytic studies
Carroll, J. B. (2004) · Cited by 3,396 · see citing works
Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America
Buckles, S. G., & Jencks, C. (1973) · The Journal of Economic Education · doi:10.2307/1182840 · Cited by 2,364 · see citing works
A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform
National Commission on Excellence in Education (1983) · The Elementary School Journal · doi:10.1086/461348 · Cited by 2,341 · see citing works
Validity and utility of alternative predictors of job performance.
Hunter, J. E., & Hunter, R. F. (1984) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.96.1.72 · Cited by 2,107 · see citing works
(1980) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 1,935 · see citing works
Task Complexity: A Review and Analysis
Campbell, D. J. (1988) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1988.4306775 · Cited by 1,634 · see citing works
WAIS-R manual : Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised
Wechsler, D. (1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,575 · see citing works
Task complexity: Definition of the construct
Wood, R. E. (1986) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(86)90044-0 · Cited by 1,393 · see citing works
Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies
Eysenck, H. J. (1994) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(94)90126-0 · Cited by 1,392 · see citing works
The bell curve: intelligence and class structure in American life
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-5357 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works
Inadequate Functional Health Literacy Among Patients at Two Public Hospitals
Williams, M. V. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03530210031026 · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works
Cognitive ability, cognitive aptitudes, job knowledge, and job performance
Hunter, J. E. (1986) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(86)90013-8 · Cited by 1,070 · see citing works
Wechsler's measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence
(1973) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(73)80151-0 · Cited by 1,009 · see citing works
Work and Personality: An Inquiry into the Impact of Social Stratification.
House, J. S., Kohn, M. L., Schooler, C., Miller, J. M., Miller, K. A. J., & Schoenbach, R. (1986) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2578800 · Cited by 938 · see citing works
Research in Sociology of Education and Socialization.
Levinson, D. L., & Pallas, A. M. (1995) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2076703 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
Work and Personality: An Inquiry into the Impact of Social Stratification.
Mortimer, J. T., Kohn, M. L., & Schooler, C. (1984) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2067649 · Cited by 887 · see citing works
Adult literacy in America : a first look at the results of the National Adult Literacy Survey
Kirsch, I. S., & Improvement (1993) · Cited by 814 · see citing works
Workforce 2000: Work and Workers for the 21st Century.
Johnston, W. (1987) · Cited by 758 · see citing works
Schmidt, F. L., Hunter, J. E., & Outerbridge, A. N. (1986) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.432 · Cited by 758 · see citing works
Ackerman, P. L. (1987) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.102.1.3 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America
Raffel, J. A., Jencks, C., Smith, M. E., Acland, H., Bane, M. J., Cohen, D. K., Gintis, H. M., Heyns, B., & Michelson, S. (1973) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/350895 · Cited by 671 · see citing works
Sternberg, R. J., Wagner, R. K., Williams, W. M., Horvath, J. A., & al, E. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.50.11.912 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Whither Industrial and Organizational Psychology in a Changing World of Work?
Cascio, W. F. (1995) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.50.11.928 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Predicting job performance: Not much more than g..
Ree, M. J., Earles, J. A., & Teachout, M. S. (1994) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.518 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
PROJECT A VALIDITY RESULTS: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PREDICTOR AND CRITERION DOMAINS
McHenry, J. J., Hough, L. M., TOQUAM, J. L., Hanson, M. A., & Ashworth, S. D. (1990) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1990.tb01562.x · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Job experience correlates of job performance.
McDaniel, M. A., Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1988) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.73.2.327 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Individual differences in output variability as a function of job complexity.
Hunter, J. E., Schmidt, F. L., & Judiesch, M. K. (1990) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.1.28 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Personality and personality measurement.
Hogan, R. T. (1991) · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Toward a theory of cognitive aptitude for learning from instruction.
Snow, R. E., & Lohman, D. F. (1984) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.76.3.347 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Borman, W. C., White, L. A., & Dorsey, D. W. (1995) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.80.1.168 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Beyond Terman: contemporary longitudinal studies of giftedness and talent
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0585 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-1601 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Psychological Principles in System Development
Gagné, R. M., & Melton, A. W. (1962) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 255 · see citing works
A day at the races: A study of IQ, expertise, and cognitive complexity.
Ceci, S. J., & Liker, J. Κ. (1986) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.115.3.255 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Literacy, profiles of America's young adults
Kirsch, I. S., & Jungeblut, A. (1986) · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Toward a theory of cognitive aptitude for learning from instruction.
Snow, R. E., & Lohman, D. F. (1984) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.76.3.347 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Inadequate functional health literacy among patients at two public hospitals
Mv, W. (1995) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.274.21.1677 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Incorporating general intelligence into epidemiology and the social sciences
Lubinski, D., & Humphreys, L. G. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90016-7 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Models of supervisory job performance ratings.
Borman, W. C., White, L. A., Pulakos, E. D., & Oppler, S. H. (1991) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.76.6.863 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Psychological effects of complex environments during the life span: A review and theory
Schooler, C. (1984) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/0160-2896(84)90011-4 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Psychometrics, intelligence, and public perception
Carroll, J. B. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90012-x · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Joint relation of experience and ability with job performance: Test of three hypotheses.
Schmidt, F. L., Hunter, J. E., Outerbridge, A. N., & Goff, S. D. L. (1988) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.73.1.46 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Straight Talk about Mental Tests
Loehlin, J. C., & Jensen, A. R. (1982) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422145 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
The g -ocentric View of Intelligence and Job Performance Is Wrong
Sternberg, R. J., & Wagner, R. K. (1993) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770441 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Genetics and intelligence: What's new?
Plomin, R. J., & Petrill, S. A. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90013-1 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
The IQ Controversy, the Media and Public Policy.
Lang, G. E., Snyderman, M., & Rothman, S. (1989) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2073374 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Work, Jobs, and Occupations: A Critical Review of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles.
Scoville, J. G., Miller, A. R., Treiman, D. J., Cain, P. S., & Roos, P. A. (1982) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2522339 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
The Natural History of Change to Intellectual Performance: Who Changes? How Much? Is it Meaningful?
Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Harkness, A. R., & Silva, P. A. (1993) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01031.x · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Tacit Knowledge, Practical Intelligence, General Mental Ability, and Job Knowledge
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1993) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770456 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Utility Analysis for Decisions in Human Resource ManagementPreprint
Boudreau, J. W. (1988) · eCommons (Cornell University) · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Role of ability and prior knowledge in complex training performance.
Ree, M., Carretta, T., & Teachout, M. S. (1995) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.80.6.721 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Lipsitt, L. P. (1976) · Contemporary Psychology · doi:10.1037/014919 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance.
Borman, W. C., Hanson, M. A., Oppler, S. H., Pulakos, E. D., & White, L. A. (1993) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.3.443 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Personnel Selection and Classification
Rumsey, M. G. (2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203773918 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Forward and backward digit span interaction with race and IQ: Predictions from Jensen's theory.
Jensen, A. R., & Figueroa, R. A. (1975) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.67.6.882 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Will We Be Smart Enough?: A Cognitive Analysis of the Coming Workforce
Hunt, E. B. (1995) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 140 · see citing works
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0586 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Carnevale, A. P. (1990) · Training and development journal · Cited by 134 · see citing works
The role of general ability in prediction
Thorndike, R. L. (1986) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(86)90012-6 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
The Milwaukee project: Preventing mental retardation in children at risk
Jensen, A. R. (1989) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/0273-2297(89)90030-0 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Forward and backward digit span interaction with race and IQ: Predictions from Jensen's theory.
Jensen, A. R., & Figueroa, R. A. (1975) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-0663.67.6.882 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Schmidt, F. L., Öneş, D. S., & Hunter, J. E. (1992) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.43.020192.003211 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Exploring Document Literacy: Variables Underlying the Performance of Young Adults
Kirsch, I. S., & Mosenthal, P. B. (1990) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.2307/747985 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Reynolds, C. R., Chastain, R. L., Kaufman, A. S., & McLean, J. E. (1987) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-4405(87)90035-5 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Personnel Selection and Classification
Tenopyr, M. L., & Oeltjen, P. D. (1982) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.003053 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Everyday life as an intelligence test: Effects of intelligence and intelligence context
Gordon, R. A. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90017-9 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The Raising of Intelligence: A Selected History of Attempts to Raise Retarded Intelligence
Sternberg, R. J., & Spitz, H. H. (1988) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1422800 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
The subtle danger: Reflections on the literacy abilities of America's young adults
Venezky, R. L. (1987) · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The raising of intelligence: A selected history of attempts to raise retarded intelligence
Brand, C. (1987) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(87)90072-6 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Dictionary of Occupational Titles
Rogelberg, S. G. (2007) · Encyclopedia of Industrial and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.4135/9781412952651.n60 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Aptitudes, skills and proficiencies.
Lubinski, D., & Dawis, R. V. (1992) · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Gottfredson, L. S. (1986) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(86)90008-4 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationReading for Working: A Functional Literacy Anthology
Sticht, T. G. (1975) · Cited by 87 · see citing works
The IQ controversy, the media, and public policy
(1989) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-3531 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The relationship between learning and intelligence
Jensen, A. R. (1989) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/1041-6080(89)90009-5 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Personnel Selection and Placement
Landy, F. J., Shankster, L. J., & Kohler, S. S. (1994) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.45.020194.001401 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Sackett, P. R., & Ostgaard, D. J. (1994) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.5.680 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Lives in process : mildly retarded adults in a large city
Edgerton, R. B. (1984) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Cast-Off Youth: Policy and Training Methods from the Military Experience
Bower, S. E., & Sticht, T. G. (1988) · History of Education Quarterly · doi:10.2307/369102 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Nature of "Intelligence" and the Principles of Cognition.
Wheeler, R., & Spearman, C. (1924) · The Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.2307/2014797 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The raising of intelligence: A selected history of attempts to raise retarded intelligence
Weinberg, R. A. (1988) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/0193-3973(88)90014-7 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Moderating effects of decision-making/information-processing job dimensions on test validities.
Gutenberg, R. L., Arvey, R. D., Osburn, H. G., & Jeanneret, P. R. (1983) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.68.4.602 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Gottfredson, L. S. (1986) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(86)90009-6 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationGottfredson, L. S. (1980) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-9010.65.6.697 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationA place at the policy table? Behavior genetics and estimates of family environmental effects on IQ
Rowe, D. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90015-5 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Test Validity: g Versus “Tacit Knowledge”
Jensen, A. R. (1993) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770493 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gottfredson, L. S. (1980) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.65.6.697 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationGeneral ability in employment: A discussion
Arvey, R. D. (1986) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(86)90017-5 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The cloak of competence, revised and updated
Rickwood, D. (1996) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(96)90289-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY OF FUNCTIONAL READING TESTS
Kirsch, I. S., & Guthrie, J. T. (1980) · Journal of Educational Measurement · doi:10.1111/j.1745-3984.1980.tb00817.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Litigating personnel measurement policy
Sharf, J. C. (1988) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(88)90039-5 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Organizational citizenship behavior and the good soldier.
Organ, D. W. (2013) · doi:10.4324/9780203773918-10 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Fairness in employment testing
Gottfredson, L. S., & Sharf, J. C. (1988) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(88)90037-1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationExplaining the adult careers of dyslexic boys: Variations in critical skills for high-level jobs
Gottfredson, L. S., Finucci, J. M., & Childs, B. (1984) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(84)90018-6 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationBeyond the School Doors: The Literacy Needs of Job Seekers Served by the U.S. Department of Labor.
Kirsch, I. S. (1992) · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Straight talk about mental tests
Eysenck, H. J. (1982) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(82)90065-4 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Assessing Literacy: The Framework for the National Adult Literacy Survey
Campbell, A. (1996) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Literacy Proficiencies of GED Examinees: Results from the GED-NALS Comparison Study.
Baldwin, J. (1995) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Critique and Explanation: Essays in Honor of Gwynn Nettler
Tittle, C. R., Hartnagel, T. F., & Silverman, R. A. (1987) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2071573 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
How Effective Are American Schools
Ralph, J. H. (1994) · Phi Delta Kappan · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Gazaway, R. (1969) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Manpower for Military Occupations
Eitelberg, M. J. (1988) · Calhoun: The Naval Postgraduate School Institutional Archive (Naval Postgraduate School) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Adjustment of intellectually below‐average men not identified as mentally retarded
Granat, K., & Granat, S. (1978) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1978.tb00302.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The National Assessments in Reading: Are We Misreading the Findings?
Carroll, J. B. (2016) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Black "six-hour retarded children" as young adults.
Koegel, P., & Rb, E. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The Cloak of Competence: Revised and Updated.
Sturmey, P. (1996) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199601000-00016 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Overview of Validity Generalization for the U.S. Employment Service
(1983) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e621522009-001 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Can we count on muddling through the g crisis in employment?
Gordon, R. A., Lewis, M. A., & Quigley, A. M. (1988) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/0001-8791(88)90049-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The National Reading Assessments in Reading: Are We Misreading the Findings?.
Carroll, J. B. (1987) · Phi Delta Kappan · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
4 of the 119 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Grit: perseverance and passion for long-term goals
Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087 · Cited by 6,911 · see citing works
Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate?
Stanovich, K. E., & West, R. F. (2000) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00003435 · Cited by 4,255 · see citing works
Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory
Jaeggi, S. M., Buschkuehl, M., Jonides, J., & Perrig, W. J. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0801268105 · Cited by 2,187 · see citing works
Quick Assessment of Literacy in Primary Care: The Newest Vital Sign
Weiss, B. (2005) · The Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.405 · Cited by 2,222 · see citing works
Heckman, J. J., & Kautz, T. (2012) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2012.05.014 · Cited by 2,007 · see citing works
Heckman, J., Pinto, R., & Savelyev, P. (2013) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.103.6.2052 · Cited by 1,628 · see citing works
Intellectual ability and cortical development in children and adolescents
Shaw, P., Greenstein, D., Lerch, J., Clasen, L., Lenroot, R., Gogtay, N., Evans, A., Rapoport, J., & Giedd, J. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04513 · Cited by 1,543 · see citing works
Development and Validation of the Political Skill Inventory
Ferris, G. R., Treadway, D. C., Kolodinsky, R. W., Hochwarter, W. A., Kacmar, C. J., Douglas, C., & Frink, D. D. (2005) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206304271386 · Cited by 1,400 · see citing works
General Mental Ability in the World of Work: Occupational Attainment and Job Performance.
Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.162 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
EMERGENCE OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL RESOURCE: A MULTILEVEL MODEL.
Ployhart, R. E., & Moliterno, T. P. (2011) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2009.0318 · Cited by 1,265 · see citing works
The Science of Sex Differences in Science and Mathematics
Halpern, D. F., Benbow, C. P., Geary, D. C., Gur, R. C., Hyde, J. S., & Gernsbacher, M. A. (2007) · Gothic.net · doi:10.1111/j.1529-1006.2007.00032.x · Cited by 1,141 · see citing works
Transforming gifts into talents: the DMGT as a developmental theory1
Gagné, F. (2004) · High Ability Studies · doi:10.1080/1359813042000314682 · Cited by 1,099 · see citing works
The neuroscience of human intelligence differences
Deary, I. J., Penke, L., & Johnson, W. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2793 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Subotnik, R. F., Olszewski-Kubilius, P., & Worrell, F. C. (2011) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100611418056 · Cited by 1,269 · see citing works
Male, Female: The Evolution of Human Sex Differences
Geary, D. C. (1998) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10370-000 · Cited by 1,113 · see citing works
Intelligence and socioeconomic success: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal research
Strenze, T. (2006) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.09.004 · Cited by 950 · see citing works
Kaufman, S. B. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003064435 · Cited by 925 · see citing works
Kuncel, N., Hezlett, S. A., & Ones, D. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.148 · Cited by 902 · see citing works
Román-González, ., Pérez-González, J. C., & Fernández, C. J. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.047 · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Cognitive predictors of achievement growth in mathematics: A 5-year longitudinal study.
Geary, D. C. (2011) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0025510 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Universal intelligence: a definition of machine intelligence
Legg, S., & Hutter, M. (2007) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-007-9079-x · Cited by 803 · see citing works
The Development and Validation of a New Machiavellianism Scale
Dahling, J. J., Whitaker, B. G., & Levy, P. E. (2008) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206308318618 · Cited by 820 · see citing works
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Li, N. (2012) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2010.0479 · Cited by 793 · see citing works
Cognitive Enhancement: Methods, Ethics, Regulatory Challenges
Bostrom, N., & Sandberg, A. (2009) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-009-9142-5 · Cited by 757 · see citing works
Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory: a meta-analysis
Au, J., Sheehan, E., Tsai, N., Duncan, G. J., Buschkuehl, M., & Jaeggi, S. M. (2015) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0699-x · Cited by 671 · see citing works
Global Connectivity of Prefrontal Cortex Predicts Cognitive Control and Intelligence
Cole, M. W., Yarkoni, T., Repovs, G., Anticevic, A., & Braver, T. S. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0536-12.2012 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Exploring human capital: putting ‘human’ back into strategic human resource management
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (2011) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1748-8583.2010.00165.x · Cited by 663 · see citing works
Cognitive‐Experiential Self‐Theory of Personality
Epstein, S. J. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471264385.wei0507 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Genome-wide association studies establish that human intelligence is highly heritable and polygenic
Davies, G., Tenesa, A., Payton, A., Yang, J., Harris, S. E., Liewald, D., Ke, X., Le Hellard, S., Christoforou, A., Luciano, M., et al. (2011) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2011.85 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Health Literacy: Report of the Council on Scientific Affairs
Rm, P., Mv, W., Bd, W., Dw, B., Tc, D., Doak, C. C., Doak, L. G., Hein, K., Cd, M., Nurss, J. R., et al. (1999) · Cited by 630 · see citing works
Intelligence Predicts Health and Longevity, but Why?
Gottfredson, L. S., & Deary, I. J. (2004) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.01301001.x · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Self-citationThe heritability of general cognitive ability increases linearly from childhood to young adulthood
Haworth, C., Wright, M., Luciano, M., Martin, N., de Geus, E. D., van Beijsterveldt, C. V., Bartels, M., Posthuma, D., Boomsma, D., Davis, O., et al. (2009) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2009.55 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences
Bouchard, T. J., & McGue, M. (2003) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.10160 · Cited by 870 · see citing works
Gottfredson, L. S. (2004) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.174 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Self-citationIndustry 4.0 in Finance: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Digital Financial Inclusion
Mhlanga, D. (2020) · International Journal of Financial Studies · doi:10.3390/ijfs8030045 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Persistence and Fadeout in the Impacts of Child and Adolescent Interventions
Bailey, D. H., Duncan, G. J., Odgers, C. L., & Yu, W. (2016) · Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness · doi:10.1080/19345747.2016.1232459 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
The origin of mind: Evolution of brain, cognition, and general intelligence.
Geary, D. C. (2005) · doi:10.1037/10871-000 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Twilhaar, E. S., Wade, R. M., de Kieviet, J. F., van Goudoever, J. B., van Elburg, R. M., & Oosterlaan, J. (2018) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.5323 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Childhood IQ and Adult Mental Disorders: A Test of the Cognitive Reserve Hypothesis
Koenen, K. C., Moffitt, T. E., Roberts, A. L., Martin, L. T., Kubzansky, L., Harrington, H., Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2009) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08030343 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
The new genetics of intelligence
Plomin, R. J., & von Stumm, S. (2018) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg.2017.104 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Neurobiology of intelligence: science and ethics
Gray, J. R., & Thompson, P. M. (2004) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn1405 · Cited by 479 · see citing works
Talent and its development: An emergenic and epigenetic model.
Simonton, D. K. (1999) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.106.3.435 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Thirty years of research on race differences in cognitive ability.
Rushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2005) · Psychology, Public Policy, and Law · doi:10.1037/1076-8971.11.2.235 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Blair, C. (2006) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x06009034 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Antonakis, J., & House, R. J. (2014) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.04.005 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Long-term positive associations between music lessons and IQ.
Schellenberg, E. G. (2006) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.98.2.457 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Intelligence and Personality as Predictors of Illness and Death
Deary, I. J., Weiß, A., & Batty, G. D. (2010) · Gothic.net · doi:10.1177/1529100610387081 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
Too much of a good thing: Curvilinear relationships between personality traits and job performance.
Le, H., Oh, I., Robbins, S. B., Ilieș, R., Holland, E., & Westrick, P. A. (2010) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0021016 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
The relationship between academic and practical intelligence: a case study in Kenya
Sternberg, R. (2001) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(01)00065-4 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
The Education Effect on Population Health: A Reassessment
Baker, D. P., León, J., GREENAWAY, E. S., Collins, J., & Movit, M. (2011) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2011.00412.x · Cited by 412 · see citing works
Schooling, intelligence, and income.
Ceci, S. J., & Williams, W. M. (1997) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.52.10.1051 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Intelligence and leadership: A quantitative review and test of theoretical propositions
Judge, T. A., Colbert, A. E., & Ilies, R. (2004) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.89.3.542 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Shaffer, J. A., DeGeest, D., & Li, A. (2016) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428115598239 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Geary, D. C. (2011) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0b013e318209edef · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Moderation of breastfeeding effects on the IQ by genetic variation in fatty acid metabolism
Caspi, A., Williams, B. S., Kim‐Cohen, J., Craig, I., Milne, B. J., Poulton, R., Schalkwyk, L. C., Taylor, A. W., Werts, H., & Moffitt, T. E. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0704292104 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Heckman, J., Pinto, R., & Savelyev, P. (2012) · doi:10.3386/w18581 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Evolution of Human Parental Behavior and the Human Family
Geary, D. C., & Flinn, M. V. (2001) · Parenting · doi:10.1080/15295192.2001.9681209 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis
Shamosh, N. A., & Gray, J. R. (2007) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.09.004 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Rindermann, H. (2007) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.634 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Genetic foundations of human intelligence
Deary, I., Johnson, W., & Houlihan, L. M. (2009) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-009-0655-4 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Just one g: consistent results from three test batteries
Johnson, W., Bouchard, T. J., Krueger, R. F., McGue, M., & Gottesman, I. I. (2004) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(03)00062-x · Cited by 353 · see citing works
The Role of General Cognitive Ability and Job Performance: Why There Cannot Be a Debate
Schmidt, F. L. (2002) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959285.2002.9668091 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns
Grossmann, I., Weststrate, N. M., Ardelt, M., Brienza, J. P., Dong, M., Ferrari, M., Fournier, M. A., Hu, C. S., Nusbaum, H. C., & Vervaeke, J. (2020) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2020.1750917 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Datu, J. A. D., Valdez, J. P. M., & King, R. B. (2015) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-015-9374-2 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Heckman, J. J., & Kautz, T. (2012) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w18121 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Judge, T. A., Hurst, C., & Simon, L. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0015497 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
SEXUAL SELECTION FOR MORAL VIRTUES
Miller, G. F. (2007) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/517857 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
An Evolutionarily Informed Education Science
GEARY, D. C. (2008) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520802392133 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
A distributed brain network predicts general intelligence from resting-state human neuroimaging data
Dubois, J., Galdi, P., Paul, L. K., & Adolphs, R. (2018) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0284 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
GENETICS OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND INTELLIGENCE
Toga, A. W., & Thompson, P. M. (2005) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135655 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Vocabulary IQ: Parental Education Level as Moderator
Rowe, D. C., Jacobson, K. C., & Van den Oord, E. J. C. G. (1999) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00084 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Brain white matter tract integrity as a neural foundation for general intelligence
Penke, L., Maniega, S. M., Bastin, M. E., Hernández, M. C. V., Murray, C. L., Royle, N. A., Starr, J. M., Wardlaw, J. M., & Deary, I. J. (2012) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2012.66 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Still just 1 g: Consistent results from five test batteries
Johnson, W., Nijenhuis, J. T., & Bouchard, T. J. (2008) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.06.001 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Personnel selection: looking toward the future--remembering the past.
Hough, L., & Oswald, F. (2000) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.631 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Rammstedt, B., & Beierlein, C. (2014) · Journal of Individual Differences · doi:10.1027/1614-0001/a000141 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Dumontheil, I. (2014) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2014.07.009 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
The Five-Factor Framing of Personality and Beyond: Some Ruminations
Block, J. (2010) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/10478401003596626 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Ericsson, K. A., Roring, R. W., & Nandagopal, K. (2007) · High Ability Studies · doi:10.1080/13598130701350593 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Freund, P. A., & Kasten, N. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0026556 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Should I Quit My Day Job?: A Hybrid Path to Entrepreneurship
Raffiee, J., & Feng, J. (2014) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2012.0522 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Top 1 in 10,000: A 10-year follow-up of the profoundly gifted.
Lubinski, D., Webb, R. M., Morelock, M. J., & Benbow, C. P. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.4.718 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Distributed neural system for general intelligence revealed by lesion mapping
Gläscher, J. P., Rudrauf, D., Colom, R., Paul, L. K., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., & Adolphs, R. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0910397107 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Cognitive-Experiential Theory: An Integrative Theory of Personality
Epstein, S. J. (2014) · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Overlap between the general factor of personality and emotional intelligence: A meta-analysis.
van der Linden, D., Pekaar, K. A., Bakker, A. B., Schermer, J. A., Vernon, P. A., Dunkel, C. S., & Petrides, K. V. (2016) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000078 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
McClain, M., & Pfeiffer, S. I. (2012) · Journal of Applied School Psychology · doi:10.1080/15377903.2012.643757 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
General Intelligence as a Domain-Specific Adaptation.
Satoshi Kanazawa, A. (2004) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.111.2.512 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Higher Intelligence Is Associated with Less Task-Related Brain Network Reconfiguration
Schultz, D. H., & Cole, M. W. (2016) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0358-16.2016 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Kaufman, S. B., & Sternberg, R. J. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74401-8_5 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Simopoulos, A. P. (2010) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1258/ebm.2010.009298 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Where and Why g Matters: Not a Mystery
Gottfredson, L. S. (2002) · Human Performance · doi:10.1080/08959285.2002.9668082 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Self-citationEmotional intelligence: Not much more than g and personality
Schulte, M. J., Ree, M. J., & Carretta, T. R. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2003.11.014 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Caprara, G. V., & Cervone, D. (2000) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511812767.006 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Jones, G., & Schneider, W. J. (2006) · Journal of Economic Growth · doi:10.1007/s10887-006-7407-2 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Link, B. G., Phelan, J. C., Miech, R., & Westin, E. L. (2008) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/002214650804900106 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Identifying and Cultivating Superforecasters as a Method of Improving Probabilistic Predictions
Mellers, B., Stone, E., Murray, T., Minster, A., Rohrbaugh, N., Bishop, M., Chen, E., Baker, J., Hou, Y., Horowitz, M. C., et al. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615577794 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Assessing the U.S. Presidents Using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory
Rubenzer, S., Faschingbauer, T. R., & Öneş, D. S. (2000) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/107319110000700408 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
和多田, 淳. (1993) · Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics · doi:10.3156/jfuzzy.5.2_292_2 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Differential effects of reasoning and speed training in children
Mackey, A. P., Hill, S. S., Stone, S. I., & Bunge, S. A. (2010) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01005.x · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Burgess, G. C., Gray, J. R., Conway, A. R. A., & Braver, T. S. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/a0024695 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Incorporating general intelligence into epidemiology and the social sciences
Lubinski, D., & Humphreys, L. G. (1997) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/s0160-2896(97)90016-7 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gottfredson, L. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Delaware (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gottfredson, Linda S.
- Venue
- Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 79-132
- ISSN
- 0160-2896 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2079072929
- Cited by
- 1,408
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 67 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 83 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 75
- FWCI
- 24.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Labor market dynamics and wage inequality
- Keywords
- general intelligence, cognitive complexity, everyday life, employee performance, adult literacy, National Adult Literacy Survey, post-industrial economy, life chances, information processing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review