The observable and the inferable conscious in current Soviet psychophysiology: interoceptive conditioning, semantic conditioning, and the orienting reflex
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Author: Razran, G.; Genre: Journal Article; Issued: 1961; Title: The observable unconscious and the inferable conscious in current Soviet psychophysiology: Interoceptive conditioning, semantic conditioning, and the orienting reflex
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A stimulus that is not inherently aversive may become coupled with a highly aversive one such that the former produces the same autonomic reactions as the latter.
“a stimulus (passing traffic) which is not inherently aversive may become coupled with one that is highly aversive (an impending accident) such that the former produces the same autonomic reactions as the latter.”
From Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Razran, 1961
Autonomic responses are subject to classical conditioning.
“It has been conclusively demonstrated that autonomic responses are subject to classical conditioning (Razran, 1961),”
From Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Razran, 1961
The autonomic nervous system is subject to both operant and classical conditioning.
“It has been shown that the ANS is subject to both operant and classical conditioning (Grings, 1960; Razran, 1961);”
From Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Razran, 1961
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- Authors
- Razran, G.
- Affiliations
- Queens College, CUNY (US)
- Corresponding author
- Razran, G.
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 1961-03
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 81-147
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W2329941999
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 55.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › General Psychology › Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology
- Keywords
- psychophysiology, unconscious, consciousness, interoceptive conditioning, semantic conditioning, orienting response, Soviet psychology
- MeSH terms
- Conditioning, Classical, Consciousness, Humans, Psychophysiology, Reflex, Semantics, Thinking, Unconscious, Psychology
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