The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The perpetuation of an arbitrary tradition through several generations of a laboratory microculture.
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“If the experimenter's confederates become successively replaced with naive persons, the false belief in the movement seems to remain stable (Jacobs & Campbell, 1961).”
From Durkheim, Indoctrinability and the Moral Ambivalence of Human Sociality (2026) · cites this paper as Jacobs & Campbell, 1961
In the citing paper
“In other words, the group can establish a false belief which is then perpetuated over subsequent generations -the false belief becomes established as a culture.”
From Durkheim, Indoctrinability and the Moral Ambivalence of Human Sociality (2026) · cites this paper as Jacobs & Campbell, 1961
Citations
Cites
Social Theory and Social Structure
Ross, E. J., & Merton, R. Κ. (1958) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3709394 · Cited by 10,318
Effects of Group Pressure Upon the Modification and Distortion of Judgments
Asch, S. E. (1961) · Documents of Gestalt Psychology · doi:10.1525/9780520313514-017 · Cited by 2,644
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Experimental Histories of Culture
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THE PSYCHOLOGY OF DICTATORSHIP
Jung, C. G. (1978) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691216393-018 · Cited by 29
Social transmission of cultural practices and implicit attitudes
Kashima, Y., Laham, S. M., Dix, J., Levis, B., Wong, D., & Wheeler, M. A. (2015) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2014.05.005 · Cited by 34
Blind Analysis as a Correction for Confirmatory Bias in Physics and in Psychology
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“Instead, successive estimates almost completely overlap.2 Indeed, these time series look strikingly similar to what is seen in experimental demonstrations of the intergenerational transmission of arbitrary cultural norms (Jacobs & Campbell, 1961; Kashima, 2014).”
BackgroundThe Darwinian trope in the drama of the commons: variations on some themes by the Ostroms
Dietz, T. M. (2005) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2004.06.018 · Cited by 27
Self‐Fulfilling Prophesies, Placebo Effects, and the Social–Psychological Creation of Reality
Crum, A. J., & Phillips, D. J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118900772.etrds0296 · Cited by 28
“Subsequent scholars demonstrated that social consensus can be maintained across generations even after the originators of the norm have passed (e.g., Jacobs & Campbell, 1961).”
BackgroundMethodTheory and Research in Cultural Transmission: A Short History
Schönpflug, U. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804670.003 · Cited by 26
Social psychology in an era of social change.
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Hybrid social learning in human-algorithm cultural transmission
Brinkmann, L., Gezerli, D., Kleist, K. V., Müller, T. F., Rahwan, I., & Pescetelli, N. (2022) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2020.0426 · Cited by 24
“For example, the effect of implausible values provided by human confederates in an estimation task has been shown to quickly dissipate [55].”
BackgroundHuman nature, cultural diversity and evolutionary theory
Plotkin, H. C. (2011) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0160 · Cited by 24
Effects of Verbal and Non-Verbal Cultural Consequences on Culturants
Soares, P. F. D. R., Rocha, A. P. M. C., Guimarães, T. M. M., et al. (2017) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.5210/bsi.v27i0.8252 · Cited by 23
Experimental and theoretical models of human cultural evolution
Kempe, M., & Mesoudi, A. (2014) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1288 · Cited by 22
Shared reality makes life meaningful: Are we really going in the right direction?
Cornwell, J. F. M., Franks, B., & Higgins, E. T. (2017) · Motivation Science · doi:10.1037/mot0000071 · Cited by 24
Personnel Turnover and Team Performance
Levine, J. M., Moreland, R. L., Argote, L., & Carley, K. M. (2005) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e500262012-001 · Cited by 21
“It has been found that norms persist over several generations, during which old members gradually leave the group and new ones join ( Jacobs & Campbell, 1961 ), and that more arbitrary norms decay faster than less arbitrary ones (MacNeil & Sherif, 1976).”
BackgroundModerators of the Relationship Between Group Helping Norms and Individual Helping
Naumann, S. E., & Ehrhart, M. G. (2010) · Small Group Research · doi:10.1177/1046496410391280 · Cited by 18
Call playback artificially generates a temporary cultural style of high affiliation in marmosets
Watson, C. F. I., Buchanan‐Smith, H. M., & Caldwell, C. A. (2014) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.04.027 · Cited by 19
“Transgenerational persistence could potentially be investigated using a microculture serial replacement paradigm (Caldwell & Millen, 2008; Jacobs & Campbell, 1961).”
BackgroundConformity and Norm Formation in Small Groups
Cohen, J. M. (1978) · The Pacific Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/1388695 · Cited by 19
La Psicología Social de la Ciencia: Revisión y discusión de una nueva área de investigación
Íñiguez-Rueda, L., & Pallí, C. (2002) · RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · Cited by 18
Triads: A laboratory analogue.
Weick, K. E., & Penner, D. D. (1966) · Organizational Behavior and Human Performance · doi:10.1016/0030-5073(66)90012-2 · Cited by 17
Niveaux d'analyse dans l'étude expérimentale des processus d'influence sociale
Mugny, G., & Doise, W. (1979) · Social Science Information · doi:10.1177/053901847901800602 · Cited by 10
Steinhauer, P. D. (1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0840-7_3 · Cited by 16
Toward sustainable psychological interventions for change.
Pettigrew, T. F. (2011) · Peace and Conflict Journal of Peace Psychology · doi:10.1080/10781919.2010.536758 · Cited by 15
“Later, Jacobs and Campbell ( 1961 ) expanded on Sherif's study to show how persistent norms were across ever-changing subject groups.”
BackgroundHetzel, C. J. (2011) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2011.614910 · Cited by 16
“…and behavior may have halted the more inclusive study of the effect of social norms on the development of personal attitudes and behavior researched in the 1950s in the conformity studies of Asch (1952, 1956) and others (Crutchfield, 1955; Jacobs & Campbell, 1961; Mackie & Smith, 1998; Nord, 1969).”
BackgroundCaldwell, C. A., & Eve, R. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0099708 · Cited by 15
“Jacobs and Campbell concluded that all persistent cultural beliefs (even demonstrably counterfactual ones, such as superstitions) must have some inherent value, as social influence alone was insufficient to support arbitrary traditions in the face of ‘‘continuous spontaneous innovation in a natural direction’’ (p657).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Evolution of Facultative Conformity Based on Similarity
Efferson, C. M., Lalive, R., Cacault, M. P., & Kistler, D. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168551 · Cited by 15
The Transmission of Norms Regarding Group Decision Rules
Nielsen, M. E., & Miller, C. E. (1997) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167297235007 · Cited by 15
Social Influence and Group Behavior
Forsyth, D. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop205014 · Cited by 13
Bisson, L. F., Grindstaff, L., Brazil-Cruz, L., & Barbu, S. J. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85668-7 · Cited by 16
The survival of a cooperative tradition in the intergroup discontinuity context
Schopler, J., Insko, C. A., Currey, D. P., Smith, S. L., Brazil, D. M., Riggins, T., Gaertner, L., & Kilpatrick, S. D. (1994) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf02856471 · Cited by 14
“By following the methodology of the Jacobs and Campbell (1961) study, our experimental impact was limited to dramatizing the mutual benefits to be gained from a tradition of cooperative responding.”
MethodResultInsights on Car-Use Behaviors from Behavioral Economics
Gaker, D., & Walker, J. L. (2011) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/9780857242341-005 · Cited by 13
Experimental evolutionary simulations of learning, memory and life history
Morgan, T. J. H., Suchow, J. W., & Griffiths, T. L. (2020) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2019.0504 · Cited by 12
McCarter, M. W., Samak, A. C., & Sheremeta, R. M. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2221696 · Cited by 12
“This burgeoning research is based on the observation that groups form their own norms that influence individual-member behavior across different situations (Jacobs and Campbell 1961).”
How Conformism Creates Ethnicity Creates Conformism (and Why this Matters to Lots of Things)
Gil-White, F. J. (2005) · The Monist · doi:10.5840/monist200588211 · Cited by 11
Ambiguität und Ambivalenz in der Psychologie
Ziegler, R. (2010) · Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik · doi:10.1007/bf03379838 · Cited by 11
Moral Reproach and Moral Action*
Sabini, J. P., & Silver, M. (1978) · Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5914.1978.tb00393.x · Cited by 11
The dynamic nature of identity: From the brain to behavior.
Packer, D. J., & Bavel, J. J. V. (2015) · Cited by 9
Social Psychological Foundations of Clinical Psychology
Harvey, J. H., & Omarzu, J. (1998) · Comprehensive Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1016/b0080-4270(73)00179-6 · Cited by 10
Authority matters: propaganda and the coevolution of behaviour and attitudes
Sergey Gavrilets, B., & Richerson, P. J. (2022) · Evolutionary Human Sciences · doi:10.1017/ehs.2022.48 · Cited by 8
“We exhibit striking levels of conformity with opinions of others (Asch 1951; Jacobs and Campbell 1961; Bond and Smith 1996; Cialdini and Goldstein 2004; Song et al. 2012) and often over-imitate their behavior even when it is perceivably unrelated to achieving the given goal (Hoehl et al. 2019).”
BackgroundArnesen, S., Johannesson, M. P., Linde, J., et al. (2017) · Social Science Computer Review · doi:10.1177/0894439317731721 · Cited by 9
Some Psychological Mechanisms of Culture.
PLOTKIN, H. (1996) · Philosophica · doi:10.21825/philosophica.82342 · Cited by 9
Cognitive Diversity and Team Performance: A Review
Mansoor, H. S., Ali, H., Ali, N., & Ali, H. (2013) · Cited by 8
Müller, C. P. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112521 · Cited by 8
The transmission and evolution of human culture
Mesoudi, A. (2005) · St Andrews Research Repository (St Andrews Research Repository) · Cited by 8
Sulik, J., Efferson, C. M., & McKay, R. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0001044 · Cited by 7
Revision, Reclassification, and Refrigerators1
McDonnell, T. E., Stoltz, D. S., & Taylor, M. A. (2021) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1111/socf.12769 · Cited by 7
Donald Campbell and Evaluation Theory
Shadish, W. R., & Cook, T. D. (1998) · American Journal of Evaluation · doi:10.1016/s1098-2140(99)80227-6 · Cited by 7
The perpetuation of entrained behavior during computer-mediated communication
Campbell, J., Cothren, D., & Burg, A. (2009) · Social Influence · doi:10.1080/15534510903286129 · Cited by 7
“It also stands to reason that if one's behavior becomes mutually entrained with one set of teammates (eg, working at a slow pace), then this entrained behavior may become internalized and persist even when interacting with a new set of team members (Jacobs & Campbell, 1961 ; Neilsen & Miller, 1997 ).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialHolzhausen, K. G., & McGlynn, R. P. (2001) · Group Dynamics Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1037//1089-2699.5.2.136 · Cited by 7
Organizational Vulnerability in Modern Religious Organizations
Brannon, R. (1971) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.2307/1385315 · Cited by 7
The Dynamics of "Corrective" Groups
Crosbie, P. V., Petroni, F. A., & Stitt, B. G. (1972) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2136766 · Cited by 7
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The Generalized Group Effect Model
Kenny, D. A. (1985) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-515620-2.50016-1 · Cited by 7
How can you capture cultural dynamics?
Kashima, Y. (2013) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e627722013-101 · Cited by 7
AUMENTO ABRUPTO DA RAZÃO EM METACONTINGÊNCIAS COM CONSEQUÊNCIAS INTERMITENTES
Angelo, H. V. B. R., & Gioia, P. S. (2016) · Revista Brasileira de Análise do Comportamento · doi:10.18542/rebac.v11i2.1942 · Cited by 6
Gökçekuş, Ö., Gokcekus, S., & Hewstone, M. (2023) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.2679 · Cited by 6
On Alienation, Structural Strain, and Deviancy
Mankoff, M. (1968) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/799531 · Cited by 6
Coordinating bodies, minds and groups: Evolution and human social cognition
Caporael, L. R. (1996) · Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems · doi:10.1016/s1061-7361(96)90036-3 · Cited by 6
Autokinetic norms: An experimental analysis.
Stone, W. S. (1967) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0024079 · Cited by 6
A science of culture: Clarifications and extensions
Mesoudi, A., Whiten, A., & Laland, K. N. (2006) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0643908x · Cited by 5
NERD and Norms: Framework and Experiments
Danielson, P. A., Mesoudi, A., & Stanev, R. (2008) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/594527 · Cited by 5
“Jacobs and Campbell (1961) found that their experimentally-induced majority judgments quickly disappeared in the absence of confederates.”
BackgroundDiscussion of “Difficult Patients”
Wright, F. (1998) · International Journal of Group Psychotherapy · doi:10.1080/00207284.1998.11491548 · Cited by 5
Einflüsse des sozialen Kontextes auf individuelle gesundheitliche Beschwerden
Diestel, S., Neubach, B., & Schmidt, K. (2009) · Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O · doi:10.1026/0932-4089.53.2.45 · Cited by 4
Anger, H. (1966) · VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-663-04223-5_2 · Cited by 4
Is Team Harmony Necessary for Success? Cultural Beliefs About Conflict and Team PerformancePreprint
Sanchez‐Burks, J., Neuman, E. J., Ybarra, O., Park, H., & Goh, K. (2006) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.901775 · Cited by 4
“Akin to an institutional imprinting perspective (Jacobs & Campbell, 1961; Stinchcombe, 1965), sociological, historical, and psychological research links PRI patterns to the beliefs and practices of the founding Protestant communities of European American society (Fischer, 1989; Hampden-Turner &…”
BackgroundSocial Interaction and the Formation of Restriction of Output Norms
Martin, J. D. (1971) · The Pacific Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/1388541 · Cited by 4
An ecology of meaning: An integrative framework for understanding human motivations
Heine, S. J., Folk, D. P., Guan, K., Benjamin, R., Bahng, J. M., & Proulx, T. (2024) · Advances in motivation science · doi:10.1016/bs.adms.2024.03.004 · Cited by 3
The Importance of Cumulative Effects: A Neglected Emphasis of Sherif’s Work
Pettigrew, T. F. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2860-8_4 · Cited by 3
Behavioral Sexual Maladaption Contagion in America: An Applied Theoretical Analysis
Mawhinney, V. T. (1998) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.5210/bsi.v8i2.328 · Cited by 5
Turner, C. R., & Flynn, E. (2016) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107279353.025 · Cited by 3
Muzafer Sherif: Portrait of a Passionate Intellectual
Granberg, D. O., & Sarup, G. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2860-8_1 · Cited by 3
Watson, C. F. I. (2011) · Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) · Cited by 3
Chapter 1 How Many Social Psychologies are There?
Eskola, A. (1988) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)60004-7 · Cited by 3
Socio-Psychological Aspects of Group Processes
Davison, R. M. (2008) · Cited by 3
A formal analysis of cultural evolution by replacement
Xu, J., Reali, F., & Griffiths, T. L. (2008) · Cited by 3
Packer, D. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-375000-6.00257-3
Sherif’s Metatheory and Contemporary Social Psychology
Sarup, G. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2860-8_2 · Cited by 2
Explaining national identity: from group attachments to collective action
Druckman, D. (2006) · Cited by 2
Tools of Ethics for Management
Conrad, C. A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98843-2_8 · Cited by 2
Um estudo sobre o processo de transmissão cultural
de Freitas, D. F. C. L. (2013) · doi:10.11606/d.47.2013.tde-08102013-151447 · Cited by 2
Experimental approaches to the study of culture in primates
Caldwell, C. A. (2008) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203889909-19 · Cited by 1
Groups and Institutions, Structures and Processes
Webster, M., & Sell, J. A. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444347388.ch8 · Cited by 2
Psychology is social: Exploring universals in performance capacity and performance style
Moghaddam, F. M., Lee, N., & Harré, R. (2007) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · doi:10.18800/psico.200702.002 · Cited by 2
Suicidal wishes and depression in suicidal ideators: A comparasion with attempted suicides
Lester, D., & Beck, A. T. (1977) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197701)33:1+ · Cited by 24
Differential Adoption of Norms by High-Status and Low-Status Members of Informal Groups
Macneil, M. K., & Pace, D. (1973) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1973.36.3c.1275 · Cited by 2
Comparison of Social Norms across Four Judgment Situations
Pace, D., & Macneil, M. K. (1974) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1974.39.1.575 · Cited by 2
Experimental Analysis of Macrocontingencies and Metacontingencies Between Group Competition
Couto, K. C., Bahari, M., Stokken, A.-L., et al. (2023) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.1007/s42822-023-00135-4 · Cited by 1
“Laboratory micro-culture experiments have been used to examine fundamental processes of cultural evolution for more than 50 years (e.g., Baum et al., 2004; Jacobs & Campbell, 1961).”
Adelman, J. R., & Chapman, A. J. C. (2011) · Cited by 1
Indian Idols Drinking Milk: Understanding the Phenomenon and Its Implications for Social Reform
Singh, R. (2020) · Global Journal of Human-Social Science · doi:10.34257/gjhssavol20is2pg1 · Cited by 1
Werth, L., Seibt, B., & Mayer, J. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53899-9_2 · Cited by 1
Promoting Vernacularity in the City: Principles for Creating Livable Streets for People of Jordan
Shawabkeh, R. K. A., & Alhammad, R. (2024) · International Society for the Study of Vernacular Settlements · doi:10.61275/isvsej.2024.11.04.01 · Cited by 1
Tools of Ethics for Management
Conrad, C. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91575-3_7 · Cited by 1
Transmission of Social-Cultural Values Through Education in the Yogyakarta Community Tradition
Shodiq, S. F., & Madjid, A. (2021) · International Conference on Sustainable Innovation – Social, Humanity, and Education (ICoSIHESS) · doi:10.2991/assehr.k.210120.101 · Cited by 1
“In conditions of the structure context, the instruction emphasizes the temporal continuity of the procedure setting autokinetic motion experiments, even supposing the those who participate within the procedure amendment (even replace the recent one) [29].”
BackgroundEthiktools der Unternehmensführung
Conrad, C. A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-29672-8_7 · Cited by 1
Eng, E. (1972) · Nursing Management · doi:10.1097/00006247-197209000-00013 · Cited by 1
The Coevolution of Social Learning and Sensitivity to Changing EnvironmentsPreprint
McElreath, R. L. (2016) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/080507 · Cited by 1
Individual Maintenance and Perpetuation of a Means/Ends Arbitrary Tradition
Moschetti, G. J. (1977) · Sociometry · doi:10.2307/3033548 · Cited by 1
The effect of social norms on impulsive buying
Xu, M. (2019) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham) · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Jacobs, R. C., & Campbell, D. T.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- ORCID
- Jacobs, Robert C.
- Venue
- The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1961-05
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 649-658
- ISSN
- 0096-851X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115224549
- Semantic Scholar
- eda49ba6fe39644acb19fa627103f5c127ad690c
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › General Psychology › Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
- Keywords
- intergenerational transmission, cultural transmission, social learning
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Psychology, Social
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