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Naloxone and shock-elicited freezing in the rat.
Abstract
The freezing behavior of the rat that occurs following painful electric shock was found to increase when the animal was pretreated with the opiate antagonist naloxone. Freezing was a positive linear function of drug dose and shock intensity (Experiment 2). Naloxone pretreatment enhanced freezing only when the animal was given two or three shocks but did not affect freezing when the animal was given only one shock or not shocked at all (Experiments 3, 4, and 5). Naloxone must be present during shock, nor just during the observation period, in order to increase freezing (Experiment 6). These results suggest that when an animal is shocked, it releases endogenous analgesics (endorphins) that make a subsequent shock less aversive. Naloxone, by blocking the endorphin system, makes the shock more aversive than it would normally be.
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Cited by
The role of the amygdala in fear and anxiety
Davis, M. (1992) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.ne.15.030192.002033 · Cited by 2,357
Bourtchuladze, R., Frenguelli, B., Blendy, J., Cioffi, D., Schutz, G., & Silva, A. J. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90400-6 · Cited by 1,800
LeDoux, J. E. (1995) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.46.020195.001233 · Cited by 1,646
Myers, K. M., & Davis, M. (2007) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001939 · Cited by 1,277
The neuroanatomical and neurochemical basis of conditioned fear
Fendt, M., & Fanselow, M. S. (1999) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(99)00016-0 · Cited by 1,092
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fanselow, M. S., & Bolles, R. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology
- Published
- 1979
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 736-744
- ISSN
- 0021-9940 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2170001413
- Cited by
- 408
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 6.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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