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Quantifying explained variance in multilevel models: an integrative framework for defining R-squared measures
Abstract
that computes all measures in our framework to help researchers in considering effect size and conveying practical significance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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“Given the issues quantifying explained variance in multilevel models (86, 87)”
From Predicting Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using Smartphone and Wearable Data (2021) · cites this paper as [86]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rights, J. D., & Sterba, S. K.
- ORCID
- Rights, Jason D.
- Venue
- Psychological Methods
- Published
- 2019-06
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 309-338
- ISSN
- 1082-989X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1463
- OpenAlex
- W2823644790
- Cited by
- 413
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 18
- FWCI
- 22.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Keywords
- explained variance, multilevel models, effect size, practical significance, variance partitioning
- MeSH terms
- Data Interpretation, Statistical, Educational Measurement, Humans, Psychology, Students, Models, Statistical, Multilevel Analysis, Biostatistics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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