Guest Editors' Introduction to the Special Section: Cultural Adaptation of Mental Health Interventions for Americans of East Asian Descent
Open accessAbstract
Overall, this special section makes a timely and significant contribution to providing various types of culturally specific interventions as well as the evidence of clinical trials. Although the sample size of each study is rather small, each intervention illustrates innovative methods in both reaching and treating underserved and understudied populations. Moreover, these interventions provide critical groundwork for building an evidence base of interventions tailored specifically to Asian Americans (AAs). These articles demonstrate the significance of development and testing of culturally adapted or culturally grounded interventions for intervention science that effectively treat and engage culturally diverse and hard-to-reach populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
13 of 45 cited sources checked · 5 supported · 1 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
In a nationally representative survey, only 8.6% of Asian Americans sought help from mental health specialists compared with 17.9% of the general population.
“In a nationally representative survey, only 8.6% of AAs were found to seek help from mental health specialists compared to 17.9% of the general population (Abe-Kim et al., 2007).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Abe-Kim et al., 2007 source
The Results report that 8.6% of Asian American respondents sought help from any service in the previous 12 months, while 3.1% sought help from mental health providers. The Discussion compares the 8.6% figure with 17.9% of the general population, but that comparison is for any service, not mental health specialists. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Findingcitation
In AWARE, the intervention group with a PTSD diagnosis at baseline experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms over time compared to wait-list controls, with treatment d=0.84 and control d=0.23.
“However, the intervention group with a PTSD diagnosis at baseline experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms over time, compared to the wait-list controls (treatment d=0.84, control d=0.23).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Hahm et al., 2019 source
The Results (Secondary Outcomes: Depressive Symptoms, stratified analysis) report a significant group-by-time effect among participants with PTSD at baseline, supporting the comparative reduction. But the stated effect sizes are from different time points: treatment d = .84 is at three-month follow-up (T2), while control d = .23 is at post-intervention (T1). The Discussion says the wait-list group was not evaluated at T2, so those values cannot be presented as a same-time-point comparison. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Findingown data
In AWARE, after controlling for baseline depressive symptoms, there was no significant difference between intervention and control groups in changes in depressive symptoms over time.
“Using mixed linear effect modeling, after controlling for baseline depressive symptoms, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups with respect to changes in depressive symptoms over time.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Hahm et al., 2019 source
- Premisecitation
Specific adaptations to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Problem-Solving Therapy have been made to make treatment more effective for Asian Americans.
“These include specific adaptations to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Hinton, Safren, Pollack, & Tran, 2006; Hwang et al., 2015) and Problem-Solving Therapy (Chu, Huynh, & Areán, 2012) in order for the treatment to be more effective in treating AAs.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked - Premisecitation
Mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies tend to be centered on the realities and experiences of the majority group, such as the conceptualization of self versus others.
“these treatments tend to be centered on the realities and experiences of the majority group such as the conceptualization of self versus others (Hall, Hong, Zane, & Meyer, 2011).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Hall, Hong, Zane, & Meyer, 2011 source
- Premisecitation
Unlike other racial groups, suicidal ideation and behaviors among Asian Americans are less linked to mental illness and more linked to psychosocial factors such as trauma, family conflict, racism, or functional limitations.
“It is important to note that unlike other racial groups, suicidal ideation and behaviors among AAs were less linked to mental illness, and more linked to psychosocial factors such as trauma, conflict with family, racism, or functional limitations (Maru et al., 2018; Hahm, Gonyea, Chiao, & Koritsanszky, 2014).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim2 of 2 sources checked- cites Maru et al., 2018 source
The Abstract identifies family conflict as a risk factor for suicidal ideation among Asian Americans, and the Discussion links trauma and racism to suicidality among Asian American women (page numbers unavailable). The paper does not establish that these factors are more strongly linked to suicidality than mental illness, compare those links across racial groups, or identify functional limitations as a risk factor. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Hahm, Gonyea, Chiao, & Koritsanszky, 2014 source
The Introduction (page unavailable) identifies poor family communication, negative parent–child interactions, and discrimination as correlates of suicidal ideation or attempts among Asian Americans. It does not establish that these factors are more strongly linked to suicidality than mental illness, compare those links with other racial groups, or identify functional limitations as a correlate. Trauma is mentioned as a challenge in immigrant families, not established here as a correlate of suicidality. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Among interventions specifically tailored to Asian Americans, there are only a handful of recent culturally adapted interventions.
“Among the interventions specifically tailored to AAs, there are only a handful of recent “culturally adapted interventions.””
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked- cites Hinton, Safren, Pollack, & Tran, 2006 source
- cites Hwang et al., 2015 source
The Objective (page not provided) says Asian Americans have rarely been included in rigorous psychotherapy trials and describes this study’s culturally adapted treatment for Chinese Americans. That supports the general point that research is limited, but it does not establish that only a handful of recent culturally adapted interventions tailored to Asian Americans exist; its scarcity claim concerns rigorous trials. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Chu, Huynh, & Areán, 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
Exposure to child maltreatment is associated with 9-fold odds for suicidal ideation.
“Evidence indicates that exposure to child maltreatment was associated with 9-fold odds for suicidal ideation (Beristianos, Maguen, Neylan, & Byers, 2016)”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Beristianos, Maguen, Neylan, & Byers, 2016 source
The Results (‘Risk of Suicidal Ideation’) report almost 9-fold odds after child maltreatment exposure, but only among Asian respondents in the fully adjusted model. The corresponding odds were nearly 4-fold for White and Black respondents and nearly 5-fold for Hispanic respondents, so the citing sentence omits a qualifier essential to its numerical claim. (LLM, conf=0.92)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
AWARE's therapeutic approach addresses challenges central to Asian American women's identity and well-being, including dysfunctional family dynamics, physical and sexual trauma, health risk behaviors, and related issues often avoided due to stigma and shame.
“AWARE’s therapeutic approach combats challenges that are central to AA women’s identity and well-being: dysfunctional family dynamics, physical and sexual trauma, health risk behaviors, and related issues that are often avoided due to fear of stigma and shame (Augsberger, Hahm, Yeung, & Dougher, 2015; Hahm et al., 2014; Maru et al., 2018).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked- cites Augsberger, Hahm, Yeung, & Dougher, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Hahm et al., 2014
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Maru et al., 2018 source
The Method (Participants; page unavailable) identifies AWARE as group psychotherapy designed to improve Asian American women’s mental and sexual health. Implications for Clinical Practice (page unavailable) describes AWARE as a culturally adapted intervention addressing intimate partner violence, childhood abuse, and trauma. The copy does not establish that AWARE’s therapeutic approach specifically addresses health risk behaviors or issues avoided because of stigma and shame. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation
Perceived discrimination, microaggressions, and race-related stress are associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes among Asian Americans.
“Accumulating evidence also show that perceived discrimination, microaggressions, and race-related stress are associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes among AAs (Hahm, Ozonoff, Gaumond, & Sue, 2010; Hwang & Chan, in press).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites Hahm, Ozonoff, Gaumond, & Sue, 2010 source
The Discussion reports that perceived discrimination was associated with mental and physical health problems among Asian-American women and men, although physical-health associations were more limited. The cited paper does not establish the same association for microaggressions or race-related stress as distinct exposures. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites Hwang & Chan, in press
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Findingcitation
From the AWARE intervention, Asian American women reported a renewed sense of commitment to their lives.
“From the AWARE intervention, the AA women reported a renewed sense of commitment to their lives.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Rivera et al., 2019 source
- Findingcitation
Rivera et al. identified four culturally specific mediators contributing to improvement of mental health outcomes in AWARE: psychoeducation on disempowering parenting, reduction of mental illness-related stigma, community and relationship building, and heightened sense of empowerment.
“This study identified that mechanisms of action which contribute to the improvement of mental health outcomes were four distinctive and culturally specific mediators: (a) psychoe ducation on disempowering parenting, (b) the reduction of mental illness-related stigma, (c) community and relationship building, and (d) a heightened sense of empowerment.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Rivera et al., 2019 source
- Premisecitation
Asian American women with a history of childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse/neglect had 12 times greater odds of attempted suicide compared to those without a history of child maltreatment.
“AA women with a history of childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse/neglect had 12 times greater odds of attempted suicide compared to those who did not report a history of child maltreatment (Hahm, Kolaczyk, Lee, Jang, & Ng, 2012).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hahm, Kolaczyk, Lee, Jang, & Ng, 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
Among evidence-based treatments adapted specifically for minorities, relatively fewer studies focus on Asian Americans than on African Americans and Latinx Americans.
“Even among EBTs adapted specifically for minorities, relatively fewer studies focus on AAs, compared to African Americans and Latinx Americans (Huey & Polo, 2008; Miranda, Bernal, Lau, Kohn, Hwang, & LaFramboise, 2005).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Huey & Polo, 2008 source
- cites Miranda, Bernal, Lau, Kohn, Hwang, & LaFramboise, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Interpretationnone given
The three interventions in the special section share a common core principle: all are based on the worldview of Asian Americans.
“The three interventions in this special section share a common core principle – all are based on the worldview of AAs.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationcitation
Among Asian Americans, the effect of trauma on suicidal ideation appears more salient than other psychosocial factors.
“In particular, the effect of trauma on suicidal ideation seems to be more salient than other psychosocial factors among AAs.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data
AWARE components are especially beneficial for individuals with a PTSD diagnosis.
“Components of AWARE are especially beneficial for individuals with a PTSD diagnosis.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationreasoning
Asian Americans have significant mental health needs.
“Mental health needs among AAs are significant.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Interpretationcitation
Despite high clinical need, Asian Americans have low rates of mental health treatment utilization.
“Despite the evidence highlighting high clinical need, AAs are found to have low rates of mental health treatment utilization.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation
Among Asian American young women, 60% of those with current depression or lifetime suicidal ideation/attempt did not seek any mental health care.
“Among AA young women, 60% of those with current depression or lifetime suicidal ideation/attempt did not seek any mental health care (Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
Incorporation of mindfulness into therapeutic practice may be a culturally syntonic method for addressing needs of Asian Americans.
“As Hwang and Chan (in press) indicates, incorporation of mindfulness into therapeutic practice may be “a culturally syntonic method” for addressing needs of AAs.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hwang & Chan, in press
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
A deep and pervasive stigma related to mental health problems and seeking mental health care exists among both Asian American families and communities.
“The two most salient factors were (1) a deep and pervasive stigma related to mental health problems and seeking mental health care among both AA families and AA communities; and (2) a mismatch between cultural needs and available services in the U.S. mental health service system.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
There remains a significant lag in robust evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of evidence-based treatments among minority populations, particularly Asian Americans.
“Yet, there remains a significant lag in robust evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of EBTs among minority populations, and in particular, among Asian Americans (AAs).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Huey & Polo, 2008 source
- cites Miranda, Bernal, Lau, Kohn, Hwang, & LaFramboise, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
There is a mismatch between cultural needs and available services in the U.S. mental health service system.
“The two most salient factors were (1) a deep and pervasive stigma related to mental health problems and seeking mental health care among both AA families and AA communities; and (2) a mismatch between cultural needs and available services in the U.S. mental health service system.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
Mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy have roots in Asian philosophies.
“While mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy (Linehan, 1993) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) have roots in Asian philosophies”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Linehan, 1993
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Premisecitation
Hwang and Chan's peer-led culturally adapted pilot intervention integrates CBT adapted for Asian Americans with compassion meditation derived from Buddhist compassionate healing.
“By uniquely integrating cognitive behavioral techniques adapted for AAs with compassion meditation (CM), that stems from the Buddhist concept of compassionate healing, this intervention illustrates the importance of interventions that are culturally grounded and responsive.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hwang & Chan, in press
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- May combine two claims. 10
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 8
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationCompared with White Americans, racial/ethnic minority populations in the United States have less access to mental health care, are less likely to receive care, and when they do receive it, its quality tends to be poorer.
“When compared to White Americans, racial/ethnic minority populations have less access to mental health care, are less likely to receive care, and when they do, it tends to be poorer in quality (Institute of Medicine, 2001; Sue, Zane, Nagayama Hall, & Berger, 2009; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [DHHS], 2001).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked- cites Institute of Medicine, 2001
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- cites Sue, Zane, Nagayama Hall, & Berger, 2009 source
- cites U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [DHHS], 2001
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
FindingcitationAWARE results show high feasibility and acceptability.
“The results show high feasibility and acceptability.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites Hahm et al., 2019 source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S1 (asserted), S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Findingnone givenAll three interventions incorporated mindfulness and loving kindness to increase emotional regulation.
“In fact, all three interventions incorporated mindfulness and loving kindness to increase emotional regulation.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
FindingcitationThe pilot intervention tested on 11 young adults of Asian heritage showed promising effects: roughly 50% decrease in depression symptoms and significant decreases in anxiety and PTSD.
“The pilot intervention, which was tested on a sample of 11 young adults of Asian heritage, indicate promising effects – with participants reporting roughly 50% decrease in symptoms of depression and significant decreases in anxiety and PTSD.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hwang & Chan, in press
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationAsian American male adolescents aged 15-19 have half the suicide death rate of White adolescents but much higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts.
“AA male adolescents (age 15–19) have half the rate of suicide deaths than do White adolescents; however, AA male adolescents have much higher rates of suicide ideation and attempts (The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
PremisecitationStudies among Cambodian refugees found PTSD and depression rates as high as 51% and 62% within the sample.
“Studies among Cambodian refugees have found rates for PTSD and depression as high as 51% and 62% within the sample (Marshall, Schell, Elliott, Berthold, & Chun, 2005).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Marshall, Schell, Elliott, Berthold, & Chun, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
PremisecitationHinton and Jalal's Culturally Adapted Multiplex CBT was initially developed to treat somatic and panic symptoms in Cambodian refugees who experienced significant trauma and has now been tested across other Asian ethnic groups as well as Latinos and African samples.
“This intervention was initially developed to treat somatic and panic symptoms in Cambodian refugees who have experienced significant trauma, and now has been tested across other Asian ethnic groups as well as with Latinos and African samples.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Hinton & Jalal, in press
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone givenThe sample size of each study in the special section is rather small.
“Although the sample size of each study is rather small”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationAmong Asian American adults, rates of depression range from 41.6% to 51% and rates of PTSD range from 20% to 70%.
“Mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD are also of concern among AA adults with rates of depression found to range from 41.6% to as high as 51% and rates of PTSD ranging from 20% to as high as 70% (Kinzie et al., 1990; Marshall, Schell, Elliott, Berthold, & Chun, 2005).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked- cites Kinzie et al., 1990 source
- cites Marshall, Schell, Elliott, Berthold, & Chun, 2005
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningA lack of culturally appropriate intervention models led Asian American women to reject offered care and left them to find alternative coping methods.
“Thus, a lack of culturally appropriate intervention models led them to reject the care offered and left them on their own to find alternative coping methods.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
PremisecitationAsian American women reported too few clinicians who understood their lived experiences, identity conflicts, and sources of well-being, leading them to forego treatment and for some to experience a downward spiral to self-harm.
“Specifically, AA women reported that there were too few clinicians who understood their lived experiences, identity conflicts, and their sources of well-being, leading them to forego treatment, and for some, to experience a downward spiral to the point of self-harm (Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015).”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Augsberger, Yeung, Dougher, & Hahm, 2015
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
InterpretationcitationIncorporating culturally relevant ingredients in AWARE, such as discussions on immigration, acculturation, Asian American-specific family systems approach, and intentional ethnic and gender matching between therapists and participants, is important.
“This article highlighted the importance of incorporating culturally relevant ingredients in AWARE such as discussions on immigration, acculturation, AAs specific family systems approach and intentional ethnic and gender matching between the therapists and participants.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites Rivera et al., 2019 source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
PremisecitationAsian American young women have the highest proportion of deaths by suicide at ages 15-24 and one of the highest suicide rates among racial/ethnic groups of women.
“AA young women have the highest proportion of deaths by suicide (age 15–24), and one of the highest rates of suicide of all racial/ethnic groups of women.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
May combine two claims.
InterpretationreasoningExisting evidence indicates pressing mental health concerns among Asian Americans, supporting the need for evidence-based interventions specifically tailored for them.
“Overall, the existing evidence highlights the pressing mental health concerns among AAs; hence, the need for evidence-based interventions that are specifically tailored for AAs.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
InterpretationreasoningThese articles demonstrate the significance of development and testing of culturally adapted or culturally grounded interventions for intervention science that effectively treat and engage culturally diverse and hard to reach populations.
“These articles demonstrate the significance of development and testing of culturally adapted or culturally grounded interventions for intervention science that effectively treat and engage culturally diverse and hard to reach populations.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).
InterpretationreasoningThese interventions provide critical groundwork for building an evidence base of interventions tailored specifically to Asian Americans.
“Moreover, these interventions provide critical groundwork for building an evidence base of interventions tailored specifically to AAs.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
The paper relies on this without support.
The behavioral health interventions currently available for Asian Americans are mainly unmodified Western therapy modalities.
“Behavioral health interventions currently available for AAs consist primarily of therapy modalities “as is,” rising from Western paradigms.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Culturally grounded interventions for Asian Americans are scarce.
“Culturally grounded interventions for AAs are also scarce because culturally grounded treatment starts with the particular ethnic/racial groups and the cultural aspects are to be systematically integrated throughout the curriculum (Hecht et al., 2003).”
The paper relies on this without support.
AWARE is the first study to rigorously evaluate a culturally grounded, integrative, and holistic intervention for Asian American women.
“As the first study to rigorously evaluate a culturally grounded, integrative, and holistic intervention for AA women”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Reported depression rate exceeds the stated upper limit
MinorThe text describes 51% as the high end of depression rates among AA adults, but then reports a depression rate as high as 62% among Cambodian refugees.
“rates of depression found to range from 41.6% to as high as 51%”
“Studies among Cambodian refugees have found rates for PTSD and depression as high as 51% and 62% within the sample”
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“Culturally grounded interventions for AAs are also scarce because culturally grounded treatment starts with the particular ethnic/racial groups and the cultural aspects are to be systematically integrated throughout the curriculum (Hecht et al., 2003).”
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Dimensions of culturally sensitive CBT: Application to Southeast Asian populations.
Hinton, D. E., & Jalal, B. (2019) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000392 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Hahm, H. C., Zhou, L., Lee, C., Maru, M., Petersen, J. M., & Kolaczyk, E. D. (2019) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000383 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationHahm, H. C., Kolaczyk, E. D., Lee, Y., Jang, J., & Ng, L. (2011) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2011.07.003 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationMaru, M., Saraiya, T., Lee, C. S., Meghani, O., Hien, D., & Hahm, H. C. (2018) · Women & Therapy · doi:10.1080/02703149.2018.1430381 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationDrug Use and Suicidality Among Asian American Women Who Are Children of Immigrants
Hahm, H. C., Jang, J., Vu, C., Alexander, L. M., Driscoll, K. E., & Lundgren, L. M. (2013) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.808219 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationHahm, H. C., Augsberger, A., Feranil, M., Jang, J., & Tagerman, M. D. (2016) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801216647797 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationHahm, H. C., Chang, S. T.-H., Tong, H. Q., Meneses, M. A., Yuzbasioglu, R. F., & Hien, D. A. (2014) · Advances in Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1108/add-03-2014-0012 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationRivera, A. M., Zhang, Z., Kim, A., Ahuja, N., Lee, H. Y., & Hahm, H. C. (2019) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/ort0000391 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationAugsberger, A., Hahm, H. C., Yeung, A., et al. (2015) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/1940-0640-10-s1-a2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
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Coronavirus stigmatization and psychological distress among Asians in the United States
Pan, S. W., Shen, G. C., Liu, C., & Hsi, J. H. (2020) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2020.1849570 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Correlates of Stigma Toward Mental Health Service Use Among Filipino Americans and Korean Americans
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Self-citationLee, M., Yeo, H., & Mowbray, O. P. (2022) · Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work · doi:10.1080/15313204.2022.2154880 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cozier, Y. C., Ganduri, B., Tang, M. H., Xie, Y., Nguyen, U., & Hahm, H. C. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22121869 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, C., Hui, J., Sun, P., & Patel, A. (2025) · School Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/2372966x.2025.2592297 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Söylemez, Y., & Aydın, T. (2024) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12597 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Narrative-Crisis Model of Suicide as a Framework for Suicide Prevention
Goncearenco, I., Chennapragada, L., & Rogers, M. L. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780197582718.003.0010 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kwong, K. (2021) · Comprehensive Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00071-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hahm, H. C., & Yasui, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 458-461
- ISSN
- 0002-9432 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0025
- PMC
- PMC6636848
- OpenAlex
- W2962630182
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH099943)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- cultural adaptation, mental health interventions, Asian Americans, East Asian Americans, culturally tailored interventions, underserved populations, hard-to-reach populations, clinical trials
- MeSH terms
- Asian, Mental Disorders, Humans, United States, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cultural Diversity, Evidence-Based Medicine
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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