The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A commentary on moral injury among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract
Although little is known about moral injury in nonmilitary populations, the COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that moral injury's relevance extends beyond the battlefield. Health care providers are experiencing potentially morally injurious events that may violate their moral code or values, yet almost no research has been conducted on moral injury among health care providers to date. The purpose of this commentary is to describe the relevance of moral injury to health care providers and to spark a dialogue that motivates future research, prevention, and intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
ACT has increasingly been adapted for use in group settings with health care professionals to address mental health and burnout.
“ACT, a modern cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), has increasingly been adapted for use in group settings with health care professionals to address mental health and burnout [13, 14].”
From Recruitment, retention and recouperation: lessons learned from a study aimed at assessing burnout mitigation in physician learners (2025) · cites this paper as [13]
Citations
Cites
The Toughest Triage — Allocating Ventilators in a Pandemic
Truog, R. D., Mitchell, C., & Daley, G. Q. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp2005689 · Cited by 700
Dilemmas of moral distress: moral responsibility and nursing practice.
Jameton, A. L. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 484
Gray, M. J., Schorr, Y., Nash, W., Lebowitz, L., Amidon, A., Lansing, A., Maglione, M., Lang, A. J., & Litz, B. T. (2012) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2011.09.001 · Cited by 258
Moral injury, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicidal behavior among National Guard personnel
Bryan, C. J., Bryan, A. O., Roberge, E., Leifker, F. R., & Rozek, D. C. (2018) · Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000290 · Cited by 230
A functional approach to understanding and treating military-related moral injury
Farnsworth, J. K., Drescher, K. D., Evans, W., & Walser, R. D. (2017) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2017.07.003 · Cited by 226
Self-citationWisco, B. E., Marx, B. P., May, C. L., Martini, B. L., Krystal, J. H., Southwick, S. M., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2017) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22614 · Cited by 222
A Critical Review: Moral Injury in Nurses in the Aftermath of a Patient Safety Incident
Stovall, M. C., Hansen, L., & van Ryn, M. (2020) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12551 · Cited by 120
Dyo, M., Kalowes, P., & Devries, J. (2016) · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.iccn.2016.04.003 · Cited by 105
Currier, J. M., McDermott, R. C., Farnsworth, J. K., & Borges, L. M. (2019) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22367 · Cited by 65
Self-citationPrevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Emergency Physicians in the United States
Delucia, J. A., Bitter, C. C., Fitzgerald, J., Greenberg, M., Dalwari, P., & Buchanan, P. M. (2019) · Western Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.5811/westjem.2019.7.42671 · Cited by 64
Borges, L. M. (2019) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.08.002 · Cited by 50
Self-citationEinav, S., Shalev, A. Y., Ofek, H., Freedman, S., Matot, I., & Weiniger, C. F. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051532 · Cited by 33
Borges, L. M., Bahraini, N. H., Holliman, B. D., Gissen, M., Lawson, W. C., & Barnes, S. M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.22887 · Cited by 33
Self-citationSendler, D. J., Rutkowska, A., & Makara‐Studzińska, M. (2016) · Scientific Electronic library online (Sciences Carlos III Health Institute) · Cited by 19
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Søvold, L. E., Naslund, J. A., Kousoulis, A. A., Saxena, S., Qoronfleh, M. W., Grobler, C., & Münter, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.679397 · Cited by 973
Xue, Y., Lopes, J., Ritchie, K., D’Alessandro, A. M., Banfield, L., McCabe, R. E., Heber, A., Lanius, R. A., & McKinnon, M. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.863232 · Cited by 62
Pilbeam, C., Anthierens, S., Vanderslott, S., Tonkin-Crine, S., & Wanat, M. (2022) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069221077763 · Cited by 20
Pflaum-Carlson, J., Redding, A., Murphy, D., MacLean, L., Hamilton, J., & Santarossa, S. (2025) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-025-07435-5
“ACT, a modern cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), has increasingly been adapted for use in group settings with health care professionals to address mental health and burn-out [13, 14].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Borges, L. M., Barnes, S. M., Farnsworth, J. K., Bahraini, N. H., & Brenner, L. A.
- Affiliations
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers (US)
- Veterans Health Administration (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- S138-S140
- ISSN
- 1942-9681 (ISSN-L)
- 1942-969X
- OpenAlex
- W3030221640
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 7.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Ethics in medical practice
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- moral injury, healthcare workers, COVID-19 pandemic, moral values, healthcare worker well-being, prevention and intervention
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Trauma, COVID-19, Adult, Burnout, Professional, Health Personnel, Humans, Morals, Occupational Diseases, Pneumonia, Viral, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Triage, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review