The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Seismological evidence for differential rotation of the Earth's inner core
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Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Although the event-based method, which was used in the original study on the subject (Song & Richards, 1996), is less precise than the doublet-based method, it provides much better temporal and spatial coverage.”
From Pattern of Inner‐Core Differential Rotation From Long‐Term Earthquake Sequences and USArray Network (2026) · cites this paper as Song & Richards, 1996
In the citing paper
“Seismic observations have provided critical evidence for IC differential rotation (Creager, 1997;Song & Richards, 1996;Vidale et al., 2000), and different models have been proposed.”
From Pattern of Inner‐Core Differential Rotation From Long‐Term Earthquake Sequences and USArray Network (2026) · cites this paper as Song & Richards, 1996
In the citing paper
“These estimates are now converging from early estimates of several times larger (e.g., Creager, 1997;Song & Richards, 1996).”
From Pattern of Inner‐Core Differential Rotation From Long‐Term Earthquake Sequences and USArray Network (2026) · cites this paper as Song & Richards, 1996
In the citing paper
“These observations confirmed the theoretical predictions of differential rotation of the inner core relative to the mantle, with varying rotation rates in the eastward (prograde) direction, settling to the range from 0.3 to 1.1 years per degree faster than the mantle.”
From On the Inner‐Core Differential‐Rotation (Un)Resolvability From Earthquake Doublets: The Traps of Data Selection (2024) · cites this paper as Song & Richards, 1996
Citations
Cites
Preliminary reference Earth model
Dziewoński, A. M., & Anderson, D. L. (1981) · Physics of The Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/0031-9201(81)90046-7 · Cited by 10,334
Lambeck, K. (1980) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511569579 · Cited by 1,226
A three-dimensional self-consistent computer simulation of a geomagnetic field reversal
Glatzmaiers, G. A., & Roberts, P. H. (1995) · Nature · doi:10.1038/377203a0 · Cited by 850
Glatzmaier, G. A., & Roberts, P. H. (1995) · Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors · doi:10.1016/0031-9201(95)03049-3 · Cited by 660
Anisotropy of the inner core inferred from PKIKP travel times
Morelli, A., Dziewoński, A. M., & Woodhouse, J. H. (1986) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/gl013i013p01545 · Cited by 415
Evidence for inner core anisotropy from free oscillations
Woodhouse, J. H., Giardini, D., & Li, X. D. (1986) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/gl013i013p01549 · Cited by 379
Douglas, A. (1967) · Nature · doi:10.1038/215047a0 · Cited by 377
Anisotropy of the inner core from differential travel times of the phases PKP and PKIKP
Creager, K. C. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356309a0 · Cited by 371
High-Pressure Elasticity of Iron and Anisotropy of Earth's Inner Core
Stixrude, L. P., & Cohen, R. E. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.267.5206.1972 · Cited by 275
High-Pressure Polymorph of Iron
Takahashi, T., & Bassett, W. A. (1964) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.145.3631.483 · Cited by 232
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Lehmann, I. Publ. Bur. Cent. Assoc. Int. Seismol. A14, 87–115 (1936).
- Braginsky, S. I. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 149, 8–10 (1963).
- Song, X. D. J. geophys. Res. (in the press).
- Tromp, J. GSA Today 5(7), 137–151 (1995).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The cricket indoor location system
Balakrishnan, H., & Priyantha, N. B. (2005) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 420
First-principles elastic constants for the hcp transition metals Fe, Co, and Re at high pressure
Steinle‐Neumann, G., Stixrude, L. P., & Cohen, R. E. (1999) · Physical review. B, Condensed matter · doi:10.1103/physrevb.60.791 · Cited by 415
Melting of iron at the physical conditions of the Earth's core
Nguyen, J., & Holmes, N. C. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02248 · Cited by 364
Geodynamo theory and simulations
Roberts, P. H., & Glatzmaier, G. A. (2000) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.72.1081 · Cited by 345
Tanaka, S., & Hamaguchi, H. (1997) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/96jb03187 · Cited by 312
Metadata
- Authors
- Song, X., & Richards, P. G.
- Affiliations
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (US)
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1996-07
- Volume
- 382
- Issue
- 6588
- Pages
- 221-224
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1990488587
- Cited by
- 445
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 26.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Keywords
- Earth's inner core, differential rotation, seismic travel times, inner core anisotropy, seismic anisotropy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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