Oral L-Citrulline Supplementation Attenuates Blood Pressure Response to Cold Pressor Test in Young Men

Figueroa, A.; Trivino, J. A.; Sanchez-Gonzalez, M. A.; Vicil, F.

doi:10.1038/ajh.2009.195

Cited by 79Cardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesNitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects

Oral L-Citrulline Supplementation Attenuates Blood Pressure Response to Cold Pressor Test in Young Men

Figueroa, A., Trivino, J. A., Sanchez-Gonzalez, M. A., Vicil, F.·2010·American Journal of Hypertension

DOI 10.1038/ajh.2009.195

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Oral L-citrulline is efficiently converted to L-arginine, which has been shown to decrease brachial blood pressure (BP) at rest and during the cold pressor test (CPT). However, aortic BP may better reflect cardiovascular risk than brachial BP. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that oral L-citrulline supplementation attenuates brachial BP and aortic hemodynamic responses to CPT. METHODS: Brachial BP, aortic BP, stroke volume (SV), and wave reflection at rest and during CPT were evaluated in 17 young (21.6 +/- 0.9 years) normotensive men. Subjects were randomly assigned to 4 weeks of oral L-citrulline (6 g/day) or placebo in a crossover design. Hemodynamic responses to CPT were reevaluated after each treatment. RESULTS: During CPT, there were significant (P < 0.05) increases in brachial and aortic BP [systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP)], augmentation index (AIx), SV, and a decrease in transit time of the reflected wave (Tr) from baseline. Compared to placebo, oral L-citrulline treatment decreased (P < 0.05) brachial SBP (-6 +/- 11 mm Hg), aortic SBP (-4 +/- 10 mm Hg), and aortic PP (-3 +/- 6 mm Hg) during CPT but not at rest. There was an inverse correlation (r = -0.40, P < 0.05) between changes in aortic SBP and Tr during CPT after L-citrulline supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that oral L-citrulline supplementation attenuates the brachial SBP, aortic SBP, and aortic PP responses to CPT in young normotensive men. Increased wave reflection time contributes to the reduction in aortic SBP response to CPT.

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Other studies observed positive effects of l-citrulline including reduced blood pressure.
“Other studies have observed positive effects of l-citrulline including reduced blood pressure (20, 285, 286).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [286]
Citrulline attenuated the systolic pressure increase in response to the cold pressor test.
“Citrulline also attenuated the systolic pressure (SP) increase in response to the cold pressor test (Figueroa et al. 2010).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Figueroa et al. 2010
Citrulline supplementation decreased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in humans following 14 days of supplementation.
“humans decreased both SP and DP blood pressure following 14-days supplementation (Sanchez-Gonzalez et al. 2012; Figueroa et al. 2010).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Figueroa et al. 2010
Citrulline use in humans decreased both systolic and diastolic blood pressure following 14-days supplementation.
“citrulline use in humans decreased both SP and DP blood pressure following 14-days supplementation (Sanchez-Gonzalez et al. 2012; Figueroa et al. 2010).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Figueroa et al. 2010
A greater effect may be provided by decreased resistance.
“implying that a greater effect may be provided by decreased resistance (Sanchez-Gonzalez et al. 2012; Figueroa et al. 2010).”
From Oral nitrate and citrulline decrease blood pressure and increase vascular conductance in young adults: a potential therapy for heart failure (2016) · cites this paper as Figueroa et al. 2010

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Retracted
L-Citrulline supplementation attenuates aortic pulse pressure and wave reflection responses to cold stress in older adults
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L-Citrulline Supplementation Does Not Affect Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness at Rest and During Isometric Exercise in Older AdultsPreprint
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Retraction Note: Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Mahboobi, S., Tsang, C., Rezaei, S., & Jafarnejad, S. (2019) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/s41371-019-0280-1
Retracted
Chapter 37 – Arginine and Citrulline as Nutraceuticals: Efficacy and Safety in Diseases
Kaore, S. N., & Kaore, N. M. (2016)
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Effect of L‐Citrulline Intake on Blood Pressure in Cold Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Effect of oral L-citrulline on brachial and aortic blood pressure defined by resting status: evidence from randomized controlled trials
Yang, H., Li, X., Zhang, W.-G., Figueroa, A., Chen, L., & Qin, L. (2019) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0415-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
<scp>l</scp>-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men
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Self-citation
L-Citrulline Supplementation Attenuates Cardiovascular Responses to Metaboreflex Activation with Cold Exposure in Young Overweight Men
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Self-citation
MOESM17 of Effect of oral L-citrulline on brachial and aortic blood pressure defined by resting status: evidence from randomized controlled trials
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Self-citation
Effects of Watermelon Supplementation on Aortic Hemodynamic Responses to the Cold Pressor Test in Obese Hypertensive Adults
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Self-citation

Authors: Figueroa, A., Trivino, J. A., Sanchez-Gonzalez, M. A., & Vicil, F.
Affiliations: Florida State University (US)
ORCID: Figueroa, A.
Venue: American Journal of Hypertension
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2010-01-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 1
Pages: 12-16
ISSN: 0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
1941-7225
DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.195
OpenAlex: W1971539237
Cited by: 79
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 2.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Keywords: L-citrulline supplementation, cold pressor test, brachial blood pressure, aortic pressure, wave reflection, pulse pressure, stroke volume, L-arginine, cardiovascular risk
MeSH terms: Administration, Oral, Aorta, Blood Pressure, Brachial Artery, Citrulline, Cold Temperature, Double-Blind Method, Hemodynamics, Humans, Male, Reference Values, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult

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Oral L-Citrulline Supplementation Attenuates Blood Pressure Response to Cold Pressor Test in Young Men

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