Fetal baboon sex-specific outcomes in adipocyte differentiation at 0.9 gestation in response to moderate maternal nutrient reduction
Open accessAbstract
Objective To investigate in vitro adipocyte differentiation in baboon fetuses in response to reduced maternal nutrition. Design Cross-sectional comparison of adipocyte differentiation in normally grown fetuses and fetuses of pregnant baboons fed 70% of the control global diet from 30 days of pregnancy to term. Subjects The subjects comprised control (CTR) fetuses (five female and five male) of mothers fed ad libitum and fetuses of mothers fed 70% of the global diet consumed by CTR (maternal nutrient reduction (MNR), five female and five male fetuses). The expression of genes/proteins involved in adipogenesis (PPARγ, FABP4 and adiponectin) and brown adipose tissue development (UCP1, TBX15 and COXIV) were determined in in vitro-differentiated stromal-vascular cultures from subcutaneous abdominal, subcutaneous femoral and omental adipose tissue depots. Adipocyte number per area (mm(2)) was determined histologically to assist in the evaluation of adipocyte size. Results Maternal suboptimal nutrition suppressed growth of male but not female fetuses and led to adipocyte hypertrophy accompanied by increased markers of white- and, particularly, brown-type adipogenesis in male but not female fetuses. Conclusion Adipose tissue responses to fetal nonhuman primate undernutrition are sexually dimorphic. While female fetuses adapt adequately, the male ones enhance pathways involved in white and brown adipose tissue development but are unable to compensate for a delayed development of adipose tissue associated with intrauterine growth restriction. These differences need to be considered when assessing developmental programming of adiposity in response to suboptimal maternal nutrition.
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The increase in adiposity from maternal nutrient restriction is related to an increase in brown and beige adipose tissue in guinea pigs, as well as adipocyte hypertrophy in cows and baboons.
“Moreover, there is evidence that this increase in adiposity is related to an increase in brown and beige adipose tissue in particular species, namely guinea pigs [62], as well as adipocyte hypertrophy in other species, like cows and baboons [61, 63].”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
The Results (Histology; page unavailable) report that maternal nutrient reduction promoted adipocyte hypertrophy in fetal baboons, primarily evident in males. But the Discussion suggests that nutrient-restricted male fetuses may have had less total adipose tissue, not increased adiposity; the paper therefore does not establish hypertrophy as an explanation for increased adiposity. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEnhanced adiposity is accompanied by changes in PPAR and UCP1/2 abundance in the adipose of offspring from undernourished mothers, and the timing of maternal nutrient restriction determines the nature of the molecular changes and level of adiposity.
“Enhanced adiposity is also accompanied by changes in PPAR and UCP1/2 abundance in the adipose of offspring from undernourished mothers, however the timing of the maternal nutrient restriction seems to determine the nature of the molecular changes and level of adiposity [60, 63–65].”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMaternal nutrient restriction is often accompanied by decreased fetal growth or birth weight of the offspring.
“Maternal nutrient restriction is often accompanied by decreased fetal growth or birth weight of the offspring [60, 62, 63, 65].”
From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Tchoukalova, Y. D., Krishnapuram, R., White, U. A., Burk, D., Fang, X., Nijland, M. J., & Nathanielsz, P. W.
- Affiliations
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
- Louisiana State Department of Health and Hospitals (US)
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tchoukalova, Y D
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2013-06-10
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 224-230
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- PMC
- PMC3883997
- OpenAlex
- W2015603017
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute
- National Institutes of Health (P51OD011133)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P20GM103528, P30GM118430)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK072476)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Center for Research Resources (P20RR021945)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD-21350, R03HD060158, P01HD021350)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- maternal nutrient restriction, fetal growth restriction, sex differences, white adipose tissue, adipogenesis, PPARγ, FABP4, adiponectin, UCP1, TBX15, cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV, adipocyte hypertrophy, fetal malnutrition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Cell Differentiation, Female, Fetus, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Papio, Pregnancy, Sex Factors, Immunoblotting, Adipocytes, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Fetal Development, PPAR alpha, Adipogenesis, Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins, Adipose Tissue, White
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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