Gene therapy for diabetes: Metabolic effects of helper-dependent adenoviral exendin 4 expression in a diet-induced obesity mouse model
Open accessAbstract
Exendin 4 (Ex4) is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP- 1R) agonist which is available as a short-acting injectable treatment for type 2 diabetes. Our aim was to characterize the long-term effects of elevated steady-state levels of Ex4 provided by in vivo gene therapy. We constructed a helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vector for long-term expression of Ex4 in vivo. A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model was chosen to approximate the metabolic derangements seen in obese patients. Mice were treated with a single injection of HDAd-Ex4 and were monitored for 15 weeks. Both hepatic Ex4 RNA and plasma Ex4 were detectable at the end of the study. HDAd-Ex4 treatment improved glucose homeostasis without increasing insulin levels. However, there was evidence of enhanced insulin action and decreased gluconeogenic enzyme expression. HDAd-Ex4 caused decreased weight gain without detectable changes in food intake, in part, due to increases in energy expenditure (EE). HDAd-Ex4 DIO mice also had reduced hepatic fat and an improved adipokine profile. In the liver, there was decreased expression of genes that were involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis. These observations are important in considering the development of longer acting GLP-1R agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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The effect of GLP-1RA on hepatic steatosis was observed in several mice models, with a decrease after exenatide or liraglutide treatment.
“The effect of GLP-1RA on hepatic steatosis was observed in several mice models (including leptin-deficient ob/ob mice, leptin receptor-deficient db/db mice, and high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice that showed a decrease after exenatide treatment [160,161,162] or liraglutide [163].”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [161]
Treatment of Huh7 and HepG2 hepatoma cells with exenatide decreased intracellular lipid accumulation by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and reducing lipogenesis.
“Treatment of Huh7 and HepG2 hepatoma cells with exenatide decreased intracellular lipid accumulation [181,182] by enhancing fatty acid oxidation and reducing lipogenesis [160,161,179,183].”
From Gut-pancreas-liver Axis as a target for treatment of NAFLD/NASH (2020) · cites this paper as [161]
GLP-1 RAs increase adiponectin levels and restore the balance among adipokines.
“GLP-1 RAs are able to increase adiponectin levels and restore the balance among adipokines [82,103,105].”
From GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives (2023) · cites this paper as [105]
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- Authors
- Samson, S. L., Gonzalez, E. V., Yechoor, V., Bajaj, M., Oka, K., & Chan, L.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chan, Lawrence
- Venue
- Molecular Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1805-1812
- ISSN
- 1525-0016 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2582376
- OpenAlex
- W2021307215
- Cited by
- 54
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-51586, R01HL051586)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K08DK068391, DK-68037, P30DK079638, R01DK068037)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Keywords
- exendin-4, GLP-1 receptor agonists, helper-dependent adenoviral vectors, in vivo gene therapy, type 2 diabetes, diet-induced obesity, glucose homeostasis, insulin action, gluconeogenesis, energy expenditure, liver fat, adipokines, de novo lipogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Exenatide, Adenoviridae, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dietary Fats, Eating, Genetic Vectors, Glucose, Helper Viruses, Liver, Male, Obesity, Peptides, Venoms, Genetic Therapy, Receptors, Glucagon, Lipid Metabolism, Mice
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