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Geology and palaeontology of the Upper Miocene Toros-Menalla hominid locality, Chad.
Abstract
All six known specimens of the early hominid Sahelanthropus tchadensis come from Toros-Menalla site 266 (TM 266), a single locality in the Djurab Desert, northern Chad, central Africa. Here we present a preliminary analysis of the palaeontological and palaeoecological context of these finds. The rich fauna from TM 266 includes a significant aquatic component such as fish, crocodiles and amphibious mammals, alongside animals associated with gallery forest and savannah, such as primates, rodents, elephants, equids and bovids. The fauna suggests a biochronological age between 6 and 7 million years. Taken together with the sedimentological evidence, the fauna suggests that S. tchadensis lived close to a lake, but not far from a sandy desert, perhaps the oldest record of desert conditions in the Neogene of northern central Africa.
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“H) mean = 6.5 MYA, stdev = 0.8 for TMRCA of Homo-Pan [84]”
From A molecular phylogeny of living primates (2011) · cites this paper as [84]
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Koufos, G. D., & de Bonis, L. (2008) · Comptes Rendus Palevol · doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2008.10.001 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Vignaud, P., Duringer, P., Mackaye, H. T., Likius, A., Blondel, C., Boisserie, J.-R., de Bonis, L., Eisenmann, V., Etienne, M.-E., Geraads, D., Guy, F., Lehmann, T., Lihoreau, F., Lopez-Martinez, N., Mourer-Chauviré, C., Otero, O., Rage, J.-C., Schuster, M., Viriot, L., Zazzo, A., & Brunet, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of N'Djamena (TD)
- Corresponding author
- Vignaud, Patrick
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 418
- Issue
- 6894
- Pages
- 152-155
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2123184072
- Cited by
- 501
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 98.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministère de l'Education Nationale, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Keywords
- Sahelanthropus tchadensis, early hominins, Miocene, paleoecology, fossil fauna, biochronology, lake environment, desert environment, Neogene, Chad
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chad, Fossils, Fresh Water, Geography, Humans, Time Factors, Hominidae, Ecosystem, Geologic Sediments
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