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Telomerase modulates Wnt signalling by association with target gene chromatin
Open accessAbstract
Stem cells are controlled, in part, by genetic pathways frequently dysregulated during human tumorigenesis. Either stimulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signalling or overexpression of telomerase is sufficient to activate quiescent epidermal stem cells in vivo, although the mechanisms by which telomerase exerts these effects are not understood. Here we show that telomerase directly modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signalling by serving as a cofactor in a beta-catenin transcriptional complex. The telomerase protein component TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) interacts with BRG1 (also called SMARCA4), a SWI/SNF-related chromatin remodelling protein, and activates Wnt-dependent reporters in cultured cells and in vivo. TERT serves an essential role in formation of the anterior-posterior axis in Xenopus laevis embryos, and this defect in Wnt signalling manifests as homeotic transformations in the vertebrae of Tert(-/-) mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of the endogenous TERT protein from mouse gastrointestinal tract shows that TERT physically occupies gene promoters of Wnt-dependent genes. These data reveal an unanticipated role for telomerase as a transcriptional modulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway.
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“As expected, AAV9-mTERT-DN treatment increased CyclinD1 expression in a number of tissues (Fig 5A and B), in accordance with previous findings (Park et al, 2009).”
From Telomerase gene therapy in adult and old mice delays aging and increases longevity without increasing cancer (2012) · cites this paper as Park et al, 2009
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“These results are consistent with previous findings that TERT can act as a transcriptional modulator not only in highly proliferating cells but also in terminally differentiated cells.16,27”
From TERT activation targets DNA methylation and multiple aging hallmarks (2024) · cites this paper as [27]
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“in agreement with the proposed role of TERT as activator of genes of the Wnt pathway (Park et al, 2009), tissues with increased TERT expression also showed increased expression of active β-catenin, as well as of its target gene cyclinD1, which in turn may mediate some of the known effects of TERT improving stem cell mobilization (Flores et al, 2005; Reya & Clevers, 2005; Sarin et al, 2005).”
From Telomerase gene therapy in adult and old mice delays aging and increases longevity without increasing cancer (2012) · cites this paper as Park et al, 2009
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“Stable overexpression of TERT in mouse skin enhanced the ability of bulge stem cells to enter cell cycle when stimulated with phorbol esters (147).”
From Telomeres and telomerase in cancer (2010) · cites this paper as [147]
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“Moreover, hTERT has been reported to have antiapoptotic function.(26) Most of these extratelomeric functions of hTERT do not require binding to the RNA template (TERC) or a functional hTERT catalytic domain.”
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“The roles of these splice variants are still being investigated but are thought to either act as dominantnegative inhibitor of telomerase activity or affect other extra-telomeric functions of TERT such as Wnt signaling or mitochondrial localization (19-21).”
BackgroundQuinazoline derivative from indigenous isolate,Nocardiopsis albainhibits human telomerase enzyme
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“In control of other master regulators, TERT protein is associated with transcriptional control of the Myc-Wnt developmental program [21] and Wnt/catenin signaling stem cells [22,23].”
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Hanley, S. M., Schutte, N. S., Bellamy, J., & Denham, J. (2025) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/jir.13244 · Cited by 1
Noncatalytic telomerase function in inflammation
Ye, J., & Gilson, É. (2025) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41556-024-01497-6 · Cited by 1
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Curiel-Gomez, E., Romero‐Rodríguez, D. P., Rodríguez‐Dorantes, M., Maldonado, V., & Meléndez-Zajgla, J. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15020129 · Cited by 2
“TERT associates with BRG1 to activate the promoters of WNT/ β -catenin target genes, such as Myc and CyclinD1 [14].”
Toluquinol, A Marine Fungus Metabolite, Inhibits Some of the Hallmarks of Cancer
García‐Caballero, M., Medina, M. Á., & Quesada, A. R. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07145-9_14 · Cited by 1
Inhibition of Telomerase with Imetelstat Causes Depletion of Cancer Stem Cells
Nitta, R. T., Go, N. F., Avilion, A. A., & Joseph, I. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2900-1_2 · Cited by 1
Targeting epithelial–mesenchymal transition: therapeutic reversal of the cancer stem cell phenotype
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New Discoveries Alter the Landscape Potential of Anti-Aging Therapy
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Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Brain Aging
Boccardi, V., Tinarelli, C., & Mecocci, P. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811959-4.00006-7 · Cited by 1
Expression of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 in breast fibroepithelial lesions
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González‐Giraldo, Y., Fonseca, Á. Y. G., & Aristizábal-Pachón, A. F. (2022) · Nucleosides Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1080/15257770.2022.2155301 · Cited by 1
“[3] TERT also interacts with BRG1[4] and Sp1 transcription factors.”
BackgroundWu, Y., Xiao, Y., Tian, L., He, B., Liu, J., Li, Z., Yang, H., Chen, Y., Luo, Q., Li, B., et al. (2023) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-023-02630-9 · Cited by 1
“hTERT has been previously shown to recruit the p65/p50 complex to regulate NF-κB-dependent gene expression [12], bind BRG1 to activate Wnt-dependent genes [43], and interact with c-myc to enhance heparinase expression [44].”
BackgroundParental age at birth, telomere length, and autism spectrum disorders in the UK Biobank cohort
Ye, Q., Apsley, A. T., Hastings, W. J., Etzel, L. C., Newschaffer, C. J., & Shalev, I. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3258 · Cited by 2
“On the other hand, studies suggest that the catalytic subunit of telomerase (i.e., TERT) plays a role in regulating gene expression (Choi et al., 2008; Park et al., 2009).”
Wu, X. G., Chen, J., Cao, Y., Xie, B., Li, H., Zhou, P., Qiu, Y., & Pang, J. (2015) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2015.4298 · Cited by 1
“Recently telomerase has been found to exert extra-telomeric effects via the modulation of NF-κB (7,8) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways (9,10).”
BackgroundTelomere and Telomerase in Cancer
Angayarkanni, J., Kiran, K. G., & PALANISWAMY, M. (2016) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/64721 · Cited by 1
“It has been reported that the telomerase has a role in modulation of Wnt/ β-catenin pathway [60].”
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Khattar, E., & Tergaonkar, V. (2016) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/62130 · Cited by 1
“The study reported that TERT functions as a cofactor in the β-catenin transcriptional complex through its interaction with Brg1, a chromatin-remodeling factor [117].”
BackgroundThe Molecular Circuitry Underlying Pluripotency in Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Klein, R. H., & Knoepfler, P. S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809880-6.00004-7 · Cited by 1
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Telomeres and Telomerase: Molecular Views and Perspectives
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“amplification through wnt pathway [71], RNA-dependent RNA polymerase function [72].”
A Noncanonical Function of the Telomerase RNA Component in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Brenner, K. A. (2019) · Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) · doi:10.7936/r5pj-rx10 · Cited by 1
“Moreover, TERT was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation within Wnt-target gene promoters, implicating TERT as a transcription cofactor [96].”
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Examining the Role of the MACC1 Gene in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis
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Metadata
- Authors
- Park, J.-I., Venteicher, A. S., Hong, J. Y., Choi, J., Jun, S., Shkreli, M., Chang, W., Meng, Z., Cheung, P., Ji, H., McLaughlin, M., Veenstra, T. D., Nusse, R., McCrea, P. D., & Artandi, S. E.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- National Cancer Institute (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Artandi, Steven E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 460
- Issue
- 7251
- Pages
- 66-72
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC4349391
- OpenAlex
- W2086316954
- Cited by
- 707
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 48 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 21.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- DigitalCommons-Cedarville (Cedarville University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA111691, R01CA125453, CA125453, R01CA111691, P30CA124435)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM052112)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, SMARCA4, chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, epidermal stem cells, stem cell self-renewal, carcinogenesis, anterior-posterior axis, homeotic transformation, promoter, SWI/SNF complex
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Choristoma, Chromatin, DNA Helicases, HeLa Cells, Humans, Intestine, Small, Nuclear Proteins, Oocytes, Plasmids, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transcription Factors, Xenopus laevis, Signal Transduction, Genes, Reporter, Telomerase, Somites, Wnt Proteins, beta Catenin, Mice, Wnt3 Protein
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