CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,318Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein CondensatesStrong Light-Matter InteractionsQuantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Synthetic magnetic fields for ultracold neutral atoms

Open access
Lin, Y.-J., Compton, R. L., Jiménez-García, K., Porto, J. V., Spielman, I. B.·2009·Nature
DOI 10.1038/nature08609
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Neutral atomic Bose condensates and degenerate Fermi gases have been used to realize important many-body phenomena in their most simple and essential forms, without many of the complexities usually associated with material systems. However, the charge neutrality of these systems presents an apparent limitation-a wide range of intriguing phenomena arise from the Lorentz force for charged particles in a magnetic field, such as the fractional quantum Hall effect in two-dimensional electron systems. The limitation can be circumvented by exploiting the equivalence of the Lorentz force and the Coriolis force to create synthetic magnetic fields in rotating neutral systems. This was demonstrated by the appearance of quantized vortices in pioneering experiments on rotating quantum gases, a hallmark of superfluids or superconductors in a magnetic field. However, because of technical issues limiting the maximum rotation velocity, the metastable nature of the rotating state and the difficulty of applying stable rotating optical lattices, rotational approaches are not able to reach the large fields required for quantum Hall physics. Here we experimentally realize an optically synthesized magnetic field for ultracold neutral atoms, which is evident from the appearance of vortices in our Bose-Einstein condensate. Our approach uses a spatially dependent optical coupling between internal states of the atoms, yielding a Berry's phase sufficient to create large synthetic magnetic fields, and is not subject to the limitations of rotating systems. With a suitable lattice configuration, it should be possible to reach the quantum Hall regime, potentially enabling studies of topological quantum computation.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature08609

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 30 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 701–800 of 1,000

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Lin, Y.-J., Compton, R. L., Jiménez-García, K., Porto, J. V., & Spielman, I. B.
Affiliations
National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Spielman, I. B.
ORCID
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-12
Volume
462
Issue
7273
Pages
628-632
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/nature08609
OpenAlex
W2035577930
Cited by
1,318
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 25 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 98 · 2017: 87 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 120 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 136 · 2012: 127
FWCI
48.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
  • National Institute of Standards and Technology
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
  • Office of Naval Research
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Strong Light-Matter Interactions
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Non-Hermitian Physics
Keywords
synthetic magnetic field, ultracold neutral atoms, Bose-Einstein condensate, Berry phase, optical lattices, quantum Hall effect, quantized vortices, topological quantum computation, degenerate Fermi gas, Lorentz force, Coriolis force, spin-orbit coupling, spin-1/2 atoms

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review