Cited by 2,989

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton

Fletcher, Daniel A., Mullins, R. Dyche·2010·Nature

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nature08908

Cites

7 of 7 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 7 references

Research works printed but not linked: 81

  1. Weiss, P. A. in The Molecular Control of Cellular Activity (ed. Allen, J. M.) 1–72 (McGraw-Hill, 1961).
  2. dos Remedios, C. G. et al. Actin binding proteins: regulation of cytoskeletal microfilaments. Physiol. Rev. 83, 433–473 (2003). · DOI
  3. Machesky, L. M. et al. Scar, a WASp-related protein, activates nucleation of actin filaments by the Arp2/3 complex. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 96, 3739–3744 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
  4. Weiner, O. D., Marganski, W. A., Wu, L. F., Altschuler, S. J. & Kirschner, M. W. An actin-based wave generator organizes cell motility. PLoS Biol. 5, e221 (2007). · DOI
  5. Brangwynne, C. P. et al. Microtubules can bear enhanced compressive loads in living cells because of lateral reinforcement. J. Cell Biol. 173, 733–741 (2006). · DOI
  6. Jordan, M. A. & Wilson, L. Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs. Nature Rev. Cancer 4, 253–265 (2004). · DOI · Paper page
  7. Holy, T. E. & Leibler, S. Dynamic instability of microtubules as an efficient way to search in space. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 5682–5685 (1994). This paper showed that microtubule dynamics have a central role in spatial organization within cells. · DOI
  8. Pollard, T. D. & Borisy, G. G. Cellular motility driven by assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. Cell 112, 453–465 (2003). · DOI
  9. Parent, C. A. Making all the right moves: chemotaxis in neutrophils and Dictyostelium . Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 16, 4–13 (2004). · DOI
  10. Naumanen, P., Lappalainen, P. & Hotulainen, P. Mechanisms of actin stress fibre assembly. J. Microsc. 231, 446–454 (2008). · DOI
  11. Wiche, G. Role of plectin in cytoskeleton organization and dynamics. J. Cell Sci. 111, 2477–2486 (1998). · DOI
  12. Flitney, E. W., Kuczmarski, E. R., Adam, S. A. & Goldman, R. D. Insights into the mechanical properties of epithelial cells: the effects of shear stress on the assembly and remodeling of keratin intermediate filaments. FASEB J. 23, 2110–2119 (2009). · DOI
  13. Tsai, M. Y. et al. A mitotic lamin B matrix induced by RanGTP required for spindle assembly. Science 311, 1887–1893 (2006). · DOI
  14. Nedelec, F. J., Surrey, T., Maggs, A. C. & Leibler, S. Self-organization of microtubules and motors. Nature 389, 305–308 (1997). · DOI
  15. Heald, R. et al. Self-organization of microtubules into bipolar spindles around artificial chromosomes in Xenopus egg extracts. Nature 382, 420–425 (1996). The reconstitution of spindles in a cell extract, as reported in this paper, was a remarkable demonstration of the self-assembling properties of the cytoskeleton. · DOI
  16. Mullins, R. D., Heuser, J. A. & Pollard, T. D. The interaction of Arp2/3 complex with actin: nucleation, high affinity pointed end capping, and formation of branching networks of filaments. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 6181–6186 (1998). This paper presented the dendritic nucleation model for the assembly of branched actin networks. · DOI
  17. Bailly, M. et al. Relationship between Arp2/3 complex and the barbed ends of actin filaments at the leading edge of carcinoma cells after epidermal growth factor stimulation. J. Cell Biol. 145, 331–345 (1999). · DOI
  18. Svitkina, T. M. & Borisy, G. G. Arp2/3 complex and actin depolymerizing factor/cofilin in dendritic organization and treadmilling of actin filament array in lamellipodia. J. Cell Biol. 145, 1009–1026 (1999). · DOI
  19. Cooper, J. A. & Sept, D. New insights into mechanism and regulation of actin capping protein. Int. Rev. Cell. Mol. Biol. 267, 183–206 (2008). · DOI
  20. Carlier, M. F. et al. Actin depolymerizing factor (ADF/cofilin) enhances the rate of filament turnover: implication in actin-based motility. J. Cell Biol. 136, 1307–1322 (1997). · DOI
  21. Wachsstock, D. H., Schwarz, W. H. & Pollard, T. D. Cross-linker dynamics determine the mechanical properties of actin gels. Biophys. J. 66, 801–809 (1994). · DOI
  22. Hsiung, F., Ramirez-Weber, F. A., Iwaki, D. D. & Kornberg, T. B. Dependence of Drosophila wing imaginal disc cytonemes on Decapentaplegic. Nature 437, 560–563 (2005). · DOI
  23. Liu, A. P. et al. Membrane-induced bundling of actin filaments. Nature Phys. 4, 789–793 (2008). · DOI
  24. Janmey, P. A. & McCulloch, C. A. Cell mechanics: integrating cell responses to mechanical stimuli. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 9, 1–34 (2007). · DOI
  25. Campellone, K. G., Webb, N. J., Znameroski, E. A. & Welch, M. D. WHAMM is an Arp2/3 complex activator that binds microtubules and functions in ER to Golgi transport. Cell 134, 148–161 (2008). · DOI
  26. Waterman-Storer, C. M., Worthylake, R. A., Liu, B. P., Burridge, K. & Salmon, E. D. Microtubule growth activates Rac1 to promote lamellipodial protrusion in fibroblasts. Nature Cell Biol. 1, 45–50 (1999). · DOI · Paper page
  27. MacKintosh, F. C., Kas, J. & Janmey, P. A. Elasticity of semiflexible biopolymer networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4425–4428 (1995). · DOI
  28. Storm, C., Pastore, J. J., MacKintosh, F. C., Lubensky, T. C. & Janmey, P. A. Nonlinear elasticity in biological gels. Nature 435, 191–194 (2005). In this study, the role of entropic elasticity was shown experimentally and modelled for a broad set of cytoskeletal polymers. · DOI
  29. Gardel, M. L. et al. Elastic behavior of cross-linked and bundled actin networks. Science 304, 1301–1305 (2004). · DOI
  30. Tharmann, R., Claessens, M. M. & Bausch, A. R. Viscoelasticity of isotropically cross-linked actin networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 088103 (2007).
  31. Koenderink, G. H. et al. An active biopolymer network controlled by molecular motors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 15192–15197 (2009). · DOI
  32. Chaudhuri, O., Parekh, S. H. & Fletcher, D. A. Reversible stress softening of actin networks. Nature 445, 295–298 (2007). This paper showed that the architecture of actin-filament networks affects the relative importance of entropic and enthalpic elasticity. · DOI
  33. Wagner, B., Tharmann, R., Haase, I., Fischer, M. & Bausch, A. R. Cytoskeletal polymer networks: the molecular structure of cross-linkers determines macroscopic properties. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 103, 13974–13978 (2006). · DOI
  34. Herant, M., Heinrich, V. & Dembo, M. Mechanics of neutrophil phagocytosis: behavior of the cortical tension. J. Cell Sci. 118, 1789–1797 (2005). · DOI
  35. Charras, G. T., Yarrow, J. C., Horton, M. A., Mahadevan, L. & Mitchison, T. J. Non-equilibration of hydrostatic pressure in blebbing cells. Nature 435, 365–369 (2005). · DOI
  36. Wang, N., Tytell, J. D. & Ingber, D. E. Mechanotransduction at a distance: mechanically coupling the extracellular matrix with the nucleus. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10, 75–82 (2009). · DOI
  37. Basu, A., Joanny, J. F., Julicher, F. & Prost, J. Thermal and non-thermal fluctuations in active polar gels. Eur. Phys. J. E 27, 149–160 (2008). · DOI
  38. Bursac, P. et al. Cytoskeletal remodelling and slow dynamics in the living cell. Nature Mater. 4, 557–561 (2005). · DOI
  39. Keren, K. et al. Mechanism of shape determination in motile cells. Nature 453, 475–480 (2008). · DOI
  40. Footer, M. J., Kerssemakers, J. W., Theriot, J. A. & Dogterom, M. Direct measurement of force generation by actin filament polymerization using an optical trap. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 2181–2186 (2007). · DOI
  41. Parekh, S. H., Chaudhuri, O., Theriot, J. A. & Fletcher, D. A. Loading history determines the velocity of actin-network growth. Nature Cell Biol. 7, 1219–1223 (2005). · DOI
  42. Prass, M., Jacobson, K., Mogilner, A. & Radmacher, M. Direct measurement of the lamellipodial protrusive force in a migrating cell. J. Cell Biol. 174, 767–772 (2006). · DOI
  43. Janmey, P. A., Winer, J. P., Murray, M. E. & Wen, Q. The hard life of soft cells. Cell. Motil. Cytoskeleton 66, 597–605 (2009). · DOI
  44. Chen, C. S. Mechanotransduction — a field pulling together? J. Cell Sci. 121, 3285–3292 (2008). · DOI
  45. Thery, M. et al. The extracellular matrix guides the orientation of the cell division axis. Nature Cell Biol. 7, 947–953 (2005). · DOI
  46. Krieg, M. et al. Tensile forces govern germ-layer organization in zebrafish. Nature Cell Biol. 10, 429–436 (2008). · DOI
  47. Cheng, G., Tse, J., Jain, R. K. & Munn, L. L. Micro-environmental mechanical stress controls tumor spheroid size and morphology by suppressing proliferation and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. PLoS ONE 4, e4632 (2009). · DOI
  48. Paszek, M. J. et al. Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype. Cancer Cell 8, 241–254 (2005). · DOI · Paper page
  49. Saha, K. et al. Substrate modulus directs neural stem cell behavior. Biophys. J. 95, 4426–4438 (2008). · DOI
  50. Discher, D. E., Mooney, D. J. & Zandstra, P. W. Growth factors, matrices, and forces combine and control stem cells. Science 324, 1673–1677 (2009). · DOI
  51. Berdyyeva, T. K., Woodworth, C. D. & Sokolov, I. Human epithelial cells increase their rigidity with ageing in vitro: direct measurements. Phys. Med. Biol. 50, 81–92 (2005). · DOI
  52. Burns, J. M., Cuschieri, A. & Campbell, P. A. Optimisation of fixation period on biological cells via time-lapse elasticity mapping. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, 2341–2344 (2006). · DOI
  53. Kato, S. et al. Characterization and phenotypic variation with passage number of cultured human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Tissue Cell 40, 95–102 (2008). · DOI
  54. Sawada, Y. et al. Force sensing by mechanical extension of the Src family kinase substrate p130Cas . Cell 127, 1015–1026 (2006). · DOI
  55. Mammoto, A. et al. A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis. Nature 457, 1103–1108 (2009). · DOI
  56. Weiss, P. A. Principles of Development; A Text in Experimental Embryology (H. Holt, 1939).
  57. Sonneborn, T. M. The differentiation of cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 51, 915–929 (1964). · DOI
  58. Albrecht-Buehler, G. Phagokinetic tracks of 3T3 cells: parallels between the orientation of track segments and of cellular structures which contain actin or tubulin. Cell 12, 333–339 (1977). · DOI
  59. Albrecht-Buehler, G. Daughter 3T3 cells. Are they mirror images of each other? J. Cell Biol. 72, 595–603 (1977). · DOI
  60. Delhanty, P., Leung, H. & Locke, M. Paired cytoskeletal patterns in an epithelium of siamese twin cells. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 56, 443–450 (1991).
  61. Anderson, C. T. & Stearns, T. Centriole age underlies asynchronous primary cilium growth in mammalian cells. Curr. Biol. 19, 1498–1502 (2009). · DOI
  62. Sato, M., Levesque, M. J. & Nerem, R. M. Micropipette aspiration of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells exposed to shear stress. Arteriosclerosis 7, 276–286 (1987). · DOI
  63. Janmey, P. A. The cytoskeleton and cell signaling: component localization and mechanical coupling. Physiol. Rev. 78, 763–781 (1998). · DOI
  64. Locke, M. Is there somatic inheritance of intracellular patterns? J. Cell Sci. 96, 563–567 (1990). This paper summarized early examples of 'cytoskeletal epigenetics'. · DOI
  65. Ganem, N. J., Godinho, S. A. & Pellman, D. A mechanism linking extra centrosomes to chromosomal instability. Nature 460, 278–282 (2009). · DOI
  66. Omary, M. B., Coulombe, P. A. & McLean, W. H. Intermediate filament proteins and their associated diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. 351, 2087–2100 (2004). · DOI
  67. Fygenson, D. K., Elbaum, M., Shraiman, B. & Libchaber, A. Microtubules and vesicles under controlled tension. Phys. Rev. E 55, 850–859 (1997). · DOI
  68. Pontani, L. L. et al. Reconstitution of an actin cortex inside a liposome. Biophys. J. 96, 192–198 (2009). · DOI
  69. Liu, A. P. & Fletcher, D. A. Biology under construction: in vitro reconstitution of cellular function. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10, 644–650 (2009). · DOI
  70. Jones, L. J., Carballido-Lopez, R. & Errington, J. Control of cell shape in bacteria: helical, actin-like filaments in Bacillus subtilis . Cell 104, 913–922 (2001). · DOI
  71. Ausmees, N., Kuhn, J. R. & Jacobs-Wagner, C. The bacterial cytoskeleton: an intermediate filament-like function in cell shape. Cell 115, 705–713 (2003). · DOI
  72. Garner, E. C., Campbell, C. S. & Mullins, R. D. Dynamic instability in a DNA-segregating prokaryotic actin homolog. Science 306, 1021–1025 (2004). · DOI
  73. Garner, E. C., Campbell, C. S., Weibel, D. B. & Mullins, R. D. Reconstitution of DNA segregation driven by assembly of a prokaryotic actin homolog. Science 315, 1270–1274 (2007). · DOI
  74. Derman, A. I. et al. Phylogenetic analysis identifies many uncharacterized actin-like proteins (Alps) in bacteria: regulated polymerization, dynamic instability and treadmilling in Alp7A. Mol. Microbiol. 73, 534–552 (2009). · DOI
  75. Rochlin, M. W., Dailey, M. E. & Bridgman, P. C. Polymerizing microtubules activate site-directed F-actin assembly in nerve growth cones. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 2309–2327 (1999). · DOI
  76. Henson, J. H. et al. Two components of actin-based retrograde flow in sea urchin coelomocytes. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 4075–4090 (1999). · DOI
  77. Svitkina, T. M. et al. Mechanism of filopodia initiation by reorganization of a dendritic network. J. Cell Biol. 160, 409–421 (2003). · DOI
  78. Stossel, T. P. et al. Filamins as integrators of cell mechanics and signalling. Nature Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2, 138–145 (2001). · DOI
  79. Svitkina, T. M., Verkhovsky, A. B. & Borisy, G. G. Improved procedures for electron microscopic visualization of the cytoskeleton of cultured cells. J. Struct. Biol. 115, 290–303 (1995). · DOI
  80. Chaudhuri, O., Parekh, S. H., Lam, W. A. & Fletcher, D. A. Combined atomic force microscopy and side-view optical imaging for mechanical studies of cells. Nature Methods 6, 383–387 (2009). · DOI
  81. Stachowiak, J. C. et al. Unilamellar vesicle formation and encapsulation by microfluidic jetting. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 4697–4702 (2008). · DOI

Cited by

See all 2,989

Metadata

Authors
Fletcher, D. A., & Mullins, R. D.
Venue
Nature
Published
2010-01
Volume
463
Issue
7280
Pages
485-492
ISSN
  • 0028-0836
  • 1476-4687
Cited by
2,989
References
7
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nature08908
The paper
Fletcher, D. A., & Mullins, R. D. (2010). Cell mechanics and the cytoskeleton. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08908