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Cited by 792Laser-Matter Interactions and ApplicationsAtomic and Molecular PhysicsLaser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Femtosecond electronic response of atoms to ultra-intense X-rays

Young, L., Kanter, E. P., Krässig, B., Li, Y., March, A. M., Pratt, S. T., Santra, R., Southworth, S. H., Rohringer, N., DiMauro, L. F., Doumy, G., Roedig, C. A., Berrah, N., Fang, L., Hoener, M., Bucksbaum, P. H., Cryan, J. P., Ghimire, S., Glownia, J. M., Reis, D. A., Bozek, J. D., Bostedt, C., Messerschmidt, M.·2010·Nature
DOI 10.1038/nature09177
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Abstract

An era of exploring the interactions of high-intensity, hard X-rays with matter has begun with the start-up of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Understanding how electrons in matter respond to ultra-intense X-ray radiation is essential for all applications. Here we reveal the nature of the electronic response in a free atom to unprecedented high-intensity, short-wavelength, high-fluence radiation (respectively 10(18) W cm(-2), 1.5-0.6 nm, approximately 10(5) X-ray photons per A(2)). At this fluence, the neon target inevitably changes during the course of a single femtosecond-duration X-ray pulse-by sequentially ejecting electrons-to produce fully-stripped neon through absorption of six photons. Rapid photoejection of inner-shell electrons produces 'hollow' atoms and an intensity-induced X-ray transparency. Such transparency, due to the presence of inner-shell vacancies, can be induced in all atomic, molecular and condensed matter systems at high intensity. Quantitative comparison with theory allows us to extract LCLS fluence and pulse duration. Our successful modelling of X-ray/atom interactions using a straightforward rate equation approach augurs favourably for extension to complex systems.

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Milonni, P. & Eberly, J. H. Lasers (Wiley & Sons, 1988)
  2. Frisch, J. et al. in Proc. BIW08 paper MOIOTIO02, 17–26 (2008) 〈 http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/BIW2008/papers/moiotio02.pdf 〉
  3. Kelez, N. et al. in Proc. FEL2009 paper WEPC20 546–549 (2009); 〈 http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/FEL2009/papers/wepc20.pdf 〉.

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Metadata

Authors
Young, L., Kanter, E. P., Krässig, B., Li, Y., March, A. M., Pratt, S. T., Santra, R., Southworth, S. H., Rohringer, N., DiMauro, L. F., Doumy, G., Roedig, C. A., Berrah, N., Fang, L., Hoener, M., Bucksbaum, P. H., Cryan, J. P., Ghimire, S., Glownia, J. M., Reis, D. A., Bozek, J. D., Bostedt, C., & Messerschmidt, M.
Affiliations
  • Argonne National Laboratory (US)
  • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (US)
  • The Ohio State University (US)
  • Western Michigan University (US)
  • SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US)
Corresponding author
Young, L.
ORCID
Venue
Nature
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2010-07
Volume
466
Issue
7302
Pages
56-61
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
DOI
10.1038/nature09177
OpenAlex
W2047732232
Cited by
792
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 79
FWCI
42.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Desy Publications Database (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY) (submittedVersion)
  • European XFEL (submittedVersion)
Funders
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
Keywords
X-ray free-electron laser, Linac Coherent Light Source, neon atom, electron stripping, hollow atoms, X-ray transparency, inner-shell vacancies, photoionization, rate equation model, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction

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