Cited by 304Green IT and SustainabilityEnvironmental Impact and SustainabilityEnergy Efficiency in Computing

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Environmental effects of information and communications technologies

Williams, Eric·2011·Nature

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Abstract

The digital revolution affects the environment on several levels. Most directly, information and communications technology (ICT) has environmental impacts through the manufacturing, operation and disposal of devices and network equipment, but it also provides ways to mitigate energy use, for example through smart buildings and teleworking. At a broader system level, ICTs influence economic growth and bring about technological and societal change. Managing the direct impacts of ICTs is more complex than just producing efficient devices, owing to the energetically expensive manufacturing process, and the increasing proliferation of devices needs to be taken into account.

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Authors: Williams, E.
Affiliations: Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Williams, Eric
ORCID: Williams, Eric
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-11
Volume: 479
Issue: 7373
Pages: 354-358
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature10682
OpenAlex: W2065348025
Cited by: 304
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 8.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Green IT and Sustainability
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Environmental Impact and Sustainability
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Energy Efficiency in Computing
Keywords: information and communication technologies, environmental impact, digital revolution, ICT manufacturing, energy consumption, smart buildings, remote work, network equipment, economic growth, technological change, social change
MeSH terms: Conservation of Energy Resources, Efficiency, Environment, Humans, Technology, Hazardous Substances, Recycling

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