The DOI matches its Crossref record; 54 of the 54 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Skilled reaching relies on a V2a propriospinal internal copy circuit
Open accessAbstract
The precision of skilled forelimb movement has long been presumed to rely on rapid feedback corrections triggered by internally directed copies of outgoing motor commands, but the functional relevance of inferred internal copy circuits has remained unclear. One class of spinal interneurons implicated in the control of mammalian forelimb movement, cervical propriospinal neurons (PNs), has the potential to convey an internal copy of premotor signals through dual innervation of forelimb-innervating motor neurons and precerebellar neurons of the lateral reticular nucleus. Here we examine whether the PN internal copy pathway functions in the control of goal-directed reaching. In mice, PNs include a genetically accessible subpopulation of cervical V2a interneurons, and their targeted ablation perturbs reaching while leaving intact other elements of forelimb movement. Moreover, optogenetic activation of the PN internal copy branch recruits a rapid cerebellar feedback loop that modulates forelimb motor neuron activity and severely disrupts reaching kinematics. Our findings implicate V2a PNs as the focus of an internal copy pathway assigned to the rapid updating of motor output during reaching behaviour.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“These neurons originate from a subset of developmentally defined V2a neurons35,41–45, which describe a family of neuronal subpopulations distributed along the neuraxis35,41–45.”
From The neurons that restore walking after paralysis (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Specific subpopulations of V2a neurons in the brainstem, cervical spinal cord and lumbar spinal cord have been implicated in different aspects of motor control35,41–45.”
From The neurons that restore walking after paralysis (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Excit-35, Excit-36, and Excit-37 are likely derived from the V2a lineage, as they expressed Vsx2 (Chx10) and included many cells from the Hayashi dataset that sorted cells based on Chx10 genetic expression and thus may play a role in skilled reaching87.”
From A harmonized atlas of mouse spinal cord cell types and their spatial organization (2021) · cites this paper as [87]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement.
Fitts, P. M. (1954) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0055392 · Cited by 6,466
The information capacity of the human motor system in controlling the amplitude of movement.
Fitts, P. M. (1992) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.121.3.262 · Cited by 6,296
Optimal feedback control as a theory of motor coordination
Todorov, E., & Jordan, M. I. (2002) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn963 · Cited by 3,081
Internal models for motor control and trajectory planning.
Kawato, M. (1999) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(99)00028-8 · Cited by 2,685
Internal models in the cerebellum
Wolpert, D. M., Miall, R. C., & Kawato, M. (1998) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01221-2 · Cited by 2,469
The cerebellum and neural control
Ito, M. (1984) · Cited by 2,314
The cerebellum and neural control
Tindall, S. C. (1985) · Surgical Neurology · doi:10.1016/0090-3019(85)90320-9 · Cited by 1,760
Descending Pathways in Motor Control
Lemon, R. N. (2008) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125547 · Cited by 1,599
THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM IN THE MONKEY
Lawrence, D. G., & Kuypers, H. G. J. M. (1968) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/91.1.1 · Cited by 1,301
Spatial control of arm movements
Morasso, P. (2004) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00236911 · Cited by 1,215
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Optogenetics: 10 years of microbial opsins in neuroscience
Deisseroth, K. A. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4091 · Cited by 1,335
Decoding the organization of spinal circuits that control locomotion
Kiehn, O. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.9 · Cited by 742
Motor Cortex Is Required for Learning but Not for Executing a Motor Skill
Kawai, R., Markman, T. M., Poddar, R., Ko, R., Fantana, A. L., Dhawale, A. K., Kampff, A. R., & Ölveczky, B. P. (2015) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.024 · Cited by 583
Caligiore, D., Pezzulo, G., Baldassarre, G., Bostan, A. C., Strick, P. L., Doya, K., Helmich, R. C. G., Dirkx, M. F., Houk, J. C., Jörntell, H., et al. (2016) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1007/s12311-016-0763-3 · Cited by 454
Sathyamurthy, A., Johnson, K. R., Matson, K. J. E., Dobrott, C. I., Li, L., Ryba, A. R., Bergman, T. B., Kelly, M. C., Kelley, M. W., & Levine, A. J. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.003 · Cited by 370
Metadata
- Authors
- Azim, E., Jiang, J., Alstermark, B., & Jessell, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Umeå University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Azim, Eiman
- Alstermark, Bror
- Jessell, Thomas M.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2014-02-02
- Volume
- 508
- Issue
- 7496
- Pages
- 357-363
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC4230338
- OpenAlex
- W2125043585
- Cited by
- 355
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 12
- FWCI
- 19.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS080932, NS033245, R37NS033245, R01NS033245)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- skilled reaching, V2a interneurons, lateral reticular nucleus, brainstem reticular formation, motor neuron activity, spinal interneurons, motor control circuit, mice, optogenetic stimulation, neuronal ablation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebellum, Female, Forelimb, Interneurons, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Models, Neurological, Motor Neurons, Motor Skills, Movement, Neural Pathways, Psychomotor Performance, Spinal Cord, Feedback, Physiological, Mice, Optogenetics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
