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An anti-infective peptide that selectively modulates the innate immune response
Abstract
We show that an innate defense-regulator peptide (IDR-1) was protective in mouse models of infection with important Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. When given from 48 h before to 6 h after infection, the peptide was effective by both local and systemic administration. Because protection by IDR-1 was prevented by in vivo depletion of monocytes and macrophages, but not neutrophils or B- and T-lymphocytes, we conclude that monocytes and macrophages are key effector cells. IDR-1 was not directly antimicrobial: gene and protein expression analysis in human and mouse monocytes and macrophages indicated that IDR-1, acting through mitogen-activated protein kinase and other signaling pathways, enhanced the levels of monocyte chemokines while reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. To our knowledge, an innate defense regulator that counters infection by selective modulation of innate immunity without obvious toxicities has not been reported previously.
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“The reaction of neutrophils and macrophages during infection triggers the production of innate defence regulatory peptide 1 IDR1, with similar activity to defensins or cathelicidins [223].”
From Superoxide Anion Chemistry—Its Role at the Core of the Innate Immunity (2023) · cites this paper as [223]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Scott, M. G., Dullaghan, E., Mookherjee, N., Glavas, N., Waldbrook, M., Thompson, A., Wang, A., Lee, K., Doria, S., Hamill, P., Yu, J. J., Li, Y., Donini, O., Guarna, M. M., Finlay, B. B., North, J. R., & Hancock, R. E. W.
- Affiliations
- City of Vancouver (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hancock, Robert E W
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Biotechnology
- Published
- 2007-03-25
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 465-472
- ISSN
- 0733-222X (ISSN-L)
- 1087-0156
- 1546-1696
- OpenAlex
- W2040733257
- Cited by
- 403
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 25.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- monocytes, macrophages, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Salmonella typhimurium, Gram-positive pathogens, Gram-negative pathogens, inflammatory cytokines, MAPK signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Bacterial Infections, Disease Models, Animal, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Peptides, Treatment Outcome, Models, Immunological, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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