Wound healing recapitulates morphogenesis in Drosophila embryos
Abstract
The capacity to repair a wound is a fundamental survival mechanism that is activated at any site of damage throughout embryonic and adult life. To study the cell biology and genetics of this process, we have developed a wounding model in Drosophila melanogaster embryos that allows live imaging of rearrangements and changes in cell shape, and of the cytoskeletal machinery that draws closed an in vivo wound. Using embryos expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion proteins, we show that two cytoskeletal-dependent elements -- an actin cable and dynamic filopodial/lamellipodial protrusions -- are expressed by epithelial cells at the wound edge and are pivotal for repair. Modulating the activities of the small GTPases Rho and Cdc42 demonstrates that these actin-dependent elements have differing cellular functions, but that either alone can drive wound closure. The actin cable operates as a 'purse-string' to draw the hole closed, whereas filopodia are essential for the final 'knitting' together of epithelial cells at the end of repair. Our data suggest a more complex model for epithelial repair than previously envisaged and highlight remarkable similarities with the well-characterized morphogenetic movement of dorsal closure in Drosophila.
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Fly epidermis live imaging reveals dynamic cytoskeletal machineries, including lamellipodial and filopodial protrusions, that enable bonding of epidermal wound edges at the end of healing.
“Although the advancing wound epidermis is hidden beneath a scab in mouse wounds, the simpler fly epidermis can be live-imaged, revealing dynamic cytoskeletal machineries, including lamellipodial and filopodial protrusions that enable bonding of epidermal wound edges together at the end of the healing process (120).”
From Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation (2014) · cites this paper as [120]
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- Authors
- Wood, W., Jacinto, A., Grose, R., Woolner, S., Gale, J., Wilson, C., & Martin, P.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Martin, Paul
- Venue
- Nature Cell Biology
- Published
- 2002-10-28
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 907-912
- ISSN
- 1465-7392 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4679
- OpenAlex
- W2073006837
- Cited by
- 435
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 16.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Keywords
- wound healing, epithelial repair, Drosophila embryo, actin cables, filopodia, lamellipodia, Rho GTPases, Cdc42, cytoskeleton, dorsal closure, morphogenesis, live imaging, cell shape changes
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Animals, Cytoskeleton, Drosophila melanogaster, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Epithelial Cells, Luminescent Proteins, Microscopy, Electron, Morphogenesis, Mutation, Pseudopodia, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Time Factors, Wound Healing, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Green Fluorescent Proteins
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