The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
L-2-Hydroxyglutarate production arises from noncanonical enzyme function at acidic pH
Open accessAbstract
The metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) can be produced as either a D-R- or L-S- enantiomer, each of which inhibits α-ketoglutarate (αKG)-dependent enzymes involved in diverse biologic processes. Oncogenic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) produce D-2HG, which causes a pathologic blockade in cell differentiation. On the other hand, oxygen limitation leads to accumulation of L-2HG, which can facilitate physiologic adaptation to hypoxic stress in both normal and malignant cells. Here we demonstrate that purified lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) catalyze stereospecific production of L-2HG via 'promiscuous' reduction of the alternative substrate αKG. Acidic pH enhances production of L-2HG by promoting a protonated form of αKG that binds to a key residue in the substrate-binding pocket of LDHA. Acid-enhanced production of L-2HG leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in normoxia. These findings offer insights into mechanisms whereby microenvironmental factors influence production of metabolites that alter cell fate and function.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In addition, L-2-HG accumulation in an acidic pH environment has been reported to result in HIF-1α stabilization in normoxia91 (Fig. 4).”
From Glutamine reliance in cell metabolism (2020) · cites this paper as [91]
In the citing paper
“Malonate itself was also protective when added at reperfusion152,153.”
From Coupling Krebs cycle metabolites to signalling in immunity and cancer (2018) · cites this paper as [152]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules
Cornell, W. D., Cieplak, P., Bayly, C. I., Gould, I. R., Merz, K. M., Ferguson, D. M., Spellmeyer, D. C., Fox, T., Caldwell, J. W., & Kollman, P. A. (1995) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00124a002 · Cited by 13,111
Friesner, R. A., Banks, J. L., Murphy, R. B., Halgren, T. A., Klicic, J. J., Mainz, D. T., Repasky, M. P., Knoll, E. H., Shelley, M., Perry, J. K., et al. (2004) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm0306430 · Cited by 10,057
The emerging hallmarks of cancer metabolism
Pavlova, N. N., & Thompson, C. B. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.006 · Cited by 5,926
Self-citationHalgren, T. A., Murphy, R. B., Friesner, R. A., Beard, H. S., Frye, L. L., Pollard, W. T., & Banks, J. L. (2004) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm030644s · Cited by 5,340
Cancer-associated IDH1 mutations produce 2-hydroxyglutarate
Dang, L., White, D. W., Gross, S., Bennett, B. D., Bittinger, M. A., Driggers, E. M., Fantin, V. R., Jang, H. G., Jin, S., Keenan, M. C., et al. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08617 · Cited by 4,154
Self-citationJakalian, A., Jack, D. B., & Bayly, C. I. (2002) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.10128 · Cited by 3,428
Xu, W., Yang, H., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, P., Kim, S.-H., Ito, S., Yang, C., Wang, P., Xiao, M.-T., et al. (2011) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2010.12.014 · Cited by 2,875
Self-citationFigueroa, M. E., Abdel-Wahab, O., Lu, C., Ward, P. S., Patel, J., Shih, A., Li, Y., Bhagwat, N., Vasanthakumar, A., Fernandez, H. F., et al. (2010) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2010.11.015 · Cited by 2,766
Self-citationShelley, J. C., Cholleti, A., Frye, L. L., Greenwood, J. R., Timlin, M. R., & Uchimaya, M. (2007) · Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design · doi:10.1007/s10822-007-9133-z · Cited by 2,091
Oxygen sensing by HIF hydroxylases
Schofield, C. J., & Ratcliffe, P. J. (2004) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1366 · Cited by 2,068
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–268 of 268
Immunobiology and Metabolic Pathways of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Braun, D. A., & Chakraborty, A. A. (2023) · Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.hoc.2023.04.012 · Cited by 4
Lipoyl deglutarylation by ABHD11 regulates mitochondrial and T cell metabolism
Grice, G. L., Minogue, E., Coates, H. W., Debela, M., Stopforth, R. J., Wit, N., Li, Z., Crowley, J. P., Kaser, A., Kaneider-Kaser, N., et al. (2025) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/s41589-025-01965-6 · Cited by 5
Metabolic plasticity of cancer cells
Raudenská, M., Masařík, M., Peltanová, B., Hönigová, K., Navrátil, J., & Masařík, M. (2022) · Klinicka onkologie · doi:10.48095/ccko2022195 · Cited by 5
Hou, S., Kang, Z., Liu, Y., Lü, C., Wang, X., Wang, Q., Ma, C., Xu, P., & Gao, C. (2023) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2023.115740 · Cited by 4
Choate, K. A., Konickson, W., Moreno, Z., Brill, O. S., Cromell, B. C., Detienne, B. M., Jennings, M. J., Mann, P. B., Winn, R. J., Kamson, D. O., et al. (2025) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13877-8 · Cited by 5
Autophagic signaling promotes systems-wide remodeling in skeletal muscle upon oncometabolic stressPreprint
Karlstaedt, A., Vitrac, H., Salazar, R., Gould, B. D., Soedkamp, D., Spivia, W. R., Raedschelders, K., Dinh, A. Q., Guzman, A. G., Tan, L., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.10.13.338202 · Cited by 4
Rondeau, N. C., Raup-Collado, J., Kogan, H. V., Cho, R. M., Lovinger, N. L., Wague, F., Lopatkin, A. J., Texeira, N. G., Flores, M. E., Rovnyak, D., et al. (2025) · Insects · doi:10.3390/insects16030300 · Cited by 6
L-2-hydroxyglutarate regulates centromere and heterochromatin conformation in the male germline
Mayorek, N., Schlossberg, M., Mansour, Y., Pillar, N., Stein, I., Mushasha, F., Paz, G., Medvedev, E., Manevitch, Z., Menzel, J., et al. (2025) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1011785 · Cited by 6
A Citrate Synthase Splice Variant Rewires the TCA Cycle to Promote Colorectal Cancer Progression
Cheung, J. C. T., Ng, L. W., Zhu, Z., Chen, B., Li, S., Xu, M., Ding, X., Pu, D., Hu, Y., Ren, Y., et al. (2025) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-24-2355 · Cited by 3
Systemic metabolite kinetics mirror skeletal muscle energy metabolism during acute aerobic exercise
Walzik, D., Wenzel, C., Strotkötter, J. E., Hoenen, L., Chirino, T. Y. W., Trebing, S., McCann, A., Ueland, P. M., Zimmer, P., & Joisten, N. (2025) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00715.2025 · Cited by 3
Gu, W., Wang, X., Solmonson, A., Cai, L., Xiao, Y., Tasdogan, A., Franklin, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Westfall, A. K., et al. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci197010 · Cited by 3
Regulation of N 6 ‐methyladenosine modification in erythropoiesis and thalassemia
Zheng, Y., Lin, S., Chen, M., Xu, L., & Huang, H. (2024) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/cge.14518 · Cited by 3
Yeo, E. (2019) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-019-0257-8 · Cited by 3
Черкасова, О. П., Kuznetsov, S. A., Rybak, A. A., Konnikova, M. R., Utkin, D. E., & Nikolaev, N. A. (2025) · Optical and Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1007/s11082-025-08260-7 · Cited by 2
D’Alessandro, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19369-9_9-1 · Cited by 2
Rodríguez, S., Rodríguez-Jaime, M. F., & León-Prieto, C. (2024) · Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1615/critrevphysrehabilmed.2024052624 · Cited by 2
Zhang, M., Liu, Y. J., Lu, X., Du, L., He, N., Song, H., Wang, J., Gu, Y., Yang, M., Xu, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.31384 · Cited by 1
Roth, P., Capper, D., Calabrese, E., Halasz, L. M., & Jakola, A. S. (2024) · Neuro-Oncology Practice · doi:10.1093/nop/npae100 · Cited by 1
Metabolic regulation of development—Lessons from Drosophila melanogaster
Fleck, S. A., Tennessen, J. M., & Reis, T. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95424-2.00056-x · Cited by 1
Mitochondrial ABHD11 inhibition drives sterol metabolism to modulate T-cell effector function
Jenkins, B. J., Jenkins, Y. R., Ponce-Garcia, F. M., Moscrop, C., Perry, I. A., Hitchings, M. D., Uribe, A. H., Bernuzzi, F., Eastham, S., Cronin, J., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65417-4 · Cited by 2
Development of D2HG biosensors inspired by the molecular mechanism of D2HG regulation of DhdR
Wang, B., Luo, S., & Sun, P. (2025) · Cell chemical biology · doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2025.10.004 · Cited by 1
Self-citationPoly(amino acid)-based design principle for pH-responsive tumor delivery
Takemoto, H., Umeno, T., & Oba, M. (2026) · OpenNano · doi:10.1016/j.onano.2026.100301 · Cited by 1
Liu, Y., Du, W., & Deng, W. (2026) · International Reviews of Immunology · doi:10.1080/08830185.2026.2687543 · Cited by 1
Xi, C., Pang, J., Oliaeimotlagh, M., Mao, R., Zhi, W., Jones, K., Hu, T., Shi, H., Ande, S., Horuzsko, A., et al. (2026) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-026-09052-x · Cited by 1
Tong, Z., Li, Y.-H., Song, M., Sheng, Y.-N., Wu, Y., Shang, Y., Hu, B., Lu, B., Zhu, P., Wang, G.-Q., et al. (2026) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2026.156731 · Cited by 1
Taub, M. L. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.108992 · Cited by 1
Dowdy, T., & Larion, M. (2026) · Methods · doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2026.08.005 · Cited by 1
Advances and insights in cancer metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming
Zeng, Y., Wang, P., & Ye, D. (2025) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/tb-2024-1379 · Cited by 1
The UTX Tumor Suppressor Directly Senses Oxygen to Control Chromatin and Cell FatePreprint
Chakraborty, A. A., Laukka, T., Myllykoski, M., Ringel, A. E., Booker, M. A., Tolstorukov, M. Y., Meng, Y. J., Meier, S., Jennings, R. B., Creech, A. L., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/510479 · Cited by 1
Bailey, P. S. J., Ortmann, B. M., Houghton, J. W., Costa, A. S. H., Antrobus, R., Frezza, C., & Nathan, J. A. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.04.18.048082 · Cited by 1
Metabolic remodeling during murine early embryo developmentPreprint
Zhao, J., Yao, K., Yu, H., Zhang, L., Xu, Y., Hu, Z., Zhang, J., Chen, L., Sun, Z., Zhu, Y., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-623821/v1 · Cited by 1
ABHD11 mediated deglutarylation regulates the TCA cycle and T cell metabolismPreprint
Grice, G. L., Minogue, E., Coates, H. W., Debela, M., Kaneider-Kaser, N., Antrobus, R., Johnson, R. S., & Nathan, J. A. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.09.11.612392 · Cited by 1
Ghosh, S., Jarvis, A. F., Hintzen, J. C. J., McKnight, N. R., Costa‐Pinheiro, P., Nouhgton, N. H., Kim, Y., Jaccard, A., Leary, S. C., Cobine, P. A., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.20.726656 · Cited by 1
de Oliveira, J. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.9.2020.tde-25062021-153409
Aggiornamenti sulla prima fase di Capua
Johannowsky, W. (2025) · Annali di archeologia e storia antica · doi:10.6093/1127-7130/12031
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Control of endothelial quiescence by FOXO-regulated metabolites.
Chandel, N. S. (2021) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.739855328.793585428
Morgan, B. P. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.733535967.793564738
Renal Cell Carcinoma - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Applications
Chen, J. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.102246
Gupta, V. K., Sharma, N., Durden, B. C., Garrido, V. T., Kesh, K., Edwards, D., Wang, D., Myer, C., Mateo-Victoriano, B., Kollala, S. S., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.c.6513001.v1
Feng, S., Li, X., Huang, S., Jin, Y., Liang, T., Du, X., Zhuo, L., Shan, C., Zhang, W., Sun, W. Y., et al. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4492076
GOT1 primes the cellular response to hypoxia by supporting glycolysis and HIF1α stabilisationPreprint
Grimm, F., Asuaje, A., Jain, A., dos Santos, M. S., Kleinjung, J., Nunes, P. M., Gehrig, S. M., Fets, L., MacRae, J. I., & Anastasiou, D. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.09.06.556522
Levesque, I. R. (2024) · Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1002/jmri.29254
Branched chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signaling in vascular cellsPreprint
Xiao, W., Shrimali, N. M., Oldham, W. M., Clish, C. B., He, H., Wong, S. J., Wertheim, B. M., Arons, E., Haigis, M. C., Leopold, J. A., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.29.595538
Metabolic alterations drive inflammatory phenotypes in CHIP-associated heart failurePreprint
Mansouri, S., Hemmerling, I., Hesami, G., Cremer, S., Kirschbaum, K., Klatt, S., Ardakani, F. B., Schulz, M. H., Li, X., Scheller, M., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.07.30.605744
Kheyfets, V. O., Sweatt, A. J., Zhang, H., Nemkov, T. G., Aizin, M., Heerdt, P. M., Dzieciątkowska, M., Stephenson, D., LaCroix, I. S., D’Alessandro, A., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.12.17.24319117
Treatment of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Mutant Gliomas
Chernet, S., Kim, H., Bhatia, A., Horbinski, C., & Dixit, K. (2025) · Advances in Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.yao.2024.11.007
Jenkins, B., Jenkins, Y. R., Ponce-Garcia, F. M., Moscrop, C., Perry, I. A., Hitchings, M. D., Uribe, A. H., Bernuzzi, F., Eastham, S., Cronin, J., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.03.19.643996
McCain, R. S., Piroli, G. G., Smith, H. H., Sumal, A. S., Grimsrud, P. A., Cotham, W. E., Walla, M. D., & Frizzell, N. (2025) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5c00628
Jamburuthugoda, V. K., Berndsen, C., Zhang, J., Bell, J. K., Tung, W. C., Maskovsky, D., Kester, K., Abelson, T., Huynh, E., & Bell, J. E. (2025) · Protein Science · doi:10.1002/pro.70418
Processes and therapeutic perspectives of acylation modifications of lysine and cysteine in tumors
Jiang, J., Chen, J., Huang, S., Tian, Y., Liu, L., Yao, J., Zhang, Y., Jiang, C., Zhang, X., Han, N., et al. (2026) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-026-02707-4
Targeting the metabolic environment to modulate T cell effector function
Matias, M. I. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/0582ddaaze61dz4707z9cb1zdb8fe1d82653
Hétérogénéité métabolique des gliomes : apport de la spectroscopie RMN HRMAS
Bund, C. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/2f880f7az9a01z463fz9f4az0dcaad5fcf59
2-Hydroxyglutarate in onco-pathway: a metabolic driver of proto-oncogene activation
Thamim, M., Dhabal, D., Balamurali, M. M., & Thirumoorthy, K. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1791517
Heme-induced metabolic stress mediates ferroptosis response in sickle erythroblasts
Xi, C., Takezaki, M., Shi, H., Pace, B. S., & Zhu, X. (2026) · Blood Red Cells & Iron · doi:10.1016/j.brci.2026.100091
Acidosis Regulates Microtubule Dynamics via the β1 Integrin/RhoA/CRMP-2 Axis
Lachowski, D., Cortés, E., Mykuliak, V. V., la Torre, M. F.-D., Urkiza, A. B., Muñoz‐Barrutia, A., Garcia‐Gonzalez, D., Hytönen, V. P., & Hernandez, A. D. R. (2026) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.5c20041 · Cited by 1
The interplay of metabolism and epigenetics in cardiovascular diseases
Yuan, X., & Li, X. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-34186-1.00020-7
The diversity of terminal electron acceptors across eukaryotes
Midha, A. D., & Jain, I. H. (2026) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2026.07.009
Li, S., Xu, C., Chen, S., 殷国平, & Yang, D. (2026) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2026.1942597
Gao, H., Cheng, Z., Chen, X., Wu, W., Wang, W., Yu, Z., Cao, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.78309
Features of cancer cell metabolism linked to DNA repair mechanisms
Mikheeva, R., Leonov, P. A., Koryukov, M., Ruleva, E., Liu, X., & Андреевич, К. А. (2026) · DNA repair · doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2026.103969
Zhang, P., Fei, L., Chen, T., Yang, M., Liu, Y., Shan, C., Tang, F., Cai, W., & Zhang, Q. (2026) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms14112454
Huang, Q., Guo, Y., Yin, S., Gan, L., Liu, Z., Ru, W., Lu, Y., Di, S., Nie, F., Yao, S., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1959437
Metadata
- Authors
- Intlekofer, A. M., Wang, B., Liu, H., Shah, H., Carmona-Fontaine, C., Rustenburg, A. S., Salah, S., Gunner, M. R., Chodera, J. D., Cross, J. R., & Thompson, C. B.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- City College of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Thompson, Craig B
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Chemical Biology
- Published
- 2017-03-06
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 494-500
- ISSN
- 1552-4450 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4469
- PMC
- PMC5516644
- OpenAlex
- W2594191418
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 14
- FWCI
- 8.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Chemical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- CUNY Academic Works (City University of New York) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R00CA191021, K08CA201483, K99CA191021, R01CA177828, R01CA168802, P30CA008748)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (G12MD007603)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Keywords
- L-2-hydroxyglutarate, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, stereospecific reduction, alpha-ketoglutarate, low pH, protonation, substrate binding pocket, hypoxia, HIF-1α stabilization, IDH mutation, oxygen limitation, tumor microenvironment
- MeSH terms
- Glutarates, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Ketoglutaric Acids, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Malate Dehydrogenase, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Stereoisomerism, Molecular Structure, Biocatalysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review