The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The effectiveness of coral reefs for coastal hazard risk reduction and adaptation
Open accessAbstract
The world's coastal zones are experiencing rapid development and an increase in storms and flooding. These hazards put coastal communities at heightened risk, which may increase with habitat loss. Here we analyse globally the role and cost effectiveness of coral reefs in risk reduction. Meta-analyses reveal that coral reefs provide substantial protection against natural hazards by reducing wave energy by an average of 97%. Reef crests alone dissipate most of this energy (86%). There are 100 million or more people who may receive risk reduction benefits from reefs or bear hazard mitigation and adaptation costs if reefs are degraded. We show that coral reefs can provide comparable wave attenuation benefits to artificial defences such as breakwaters, and reef defences can be enhanced cost effectively. Reefs face growing threats yet there is opportunity to guide adaptation and hazard mitigation investments towards reef restoration to strengthen this first line of coastal defence.
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Cites
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009) · doi:10.1002/9780470743386 · Cited by 14,225
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119558378 · Cited by 9,799
Coral Reefs Under Rapid Climate Change and Ocean Acidification
Hoegh-Guldberg, O., Mumby, P. J., Hooten, A. J., Steneck, R. S., Greenfield, P., Gomez, E., Harvell, C. D., Sale, P. F., Edwards, A. J., Caldeira, K., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1152509 · Cited by 5,885
The meta-analysis of response ratios in experimental ecology
Hedges, L. V., Gurevitch, J., & Curtis, P. S. (1999) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[1150:tmaorr]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 4,704
Cited by
Marine defaunation: Animal loss in the global ocean
McCauley, D. J., Pinsky, M. L., Palumbi, S. R., Estes, J. A., Joyce, F. H., & Warner, R. R. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1255641 · Cited by 1,305
Weiskopf, S. R., Rubenstein, M. A., Crozier, L. G., Gaichas, S., Griffis, R., Halofsky, J. E., Hyde, K. J. W., Morelli, T. L., Morisette, J. T., Muñoz, R. C., et al. (2020) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137782 · Cited by 1,262
Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities
(2022) · The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate · doi:10.1017/9781009157964.012 · Cited by 831
The global flood protection savings provided by coral reefs
Beck, M. W., Losada, I. J., Menéndez, P., Reguero, B. G., Díaz-Simal, P., & Fernández, F. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04568-z · Cited by 786
Self-citationA framework for complex climate change risk assessment
Simpson, N. P., Mach, K. J., Constable, A., Hess, J., Hogarth, R., Howden, M., Lawrence, J., Lempert, R. J., Muccione, V., Mackey, B., et al. (2021) · One Earth · doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2021.03.005 · Cited by 722
Metadata
- Authors
- Ferrario, F., Beck, M. W., Storlazzi, C. D., Micheli, F., Shepard, C. C., & Airoldi, L.
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2014-05-13
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3794-3794
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2107960291
- Cited by
- 1,005
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 61.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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