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Cited by 411

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Work extraction and thermodynamics for individual quantum systems

Open access
Skrzypczyk, Paul, Short, Anthony J., Popescu, Sandu·2014·Nature Communications
DOI 10.1038/ncomms5185
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Abstract

Thermodynamics is traditionally concerned with systems comprised of a large number of particles. Here we present a framework for extending thermodynamics to individual quantum systems, including explicitly a thermal bath and work-storage device (essentially a ‘weight’ that can be raised or lowered). We prove that the second law of thermodynamics holds in our framework, and gives a simple protocol to extract the optimal amount of work from the system, equal to its change in free energy. Our results apply to any quantum system in an arbitrary initial state, in particular including non-equilibrium situations. The optimal protocol is essentially reversible, similar to classical Carnot cycles, and indeed, we show that it can be used to construct a quantum Carnot engine. Traditionally, thermodynamics deals with the study of macroscopic systems comprised of a large number of particles. Skrzypczyk et al. present a framework—including a thermal bath and work-storage device—to extract the optimal amount of work from individual quantum systems.

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Metadata

Authors
Skrzypczyk, P., Short, A. J., & Popescu, S.
Venue
Nature Communications
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2014-06-27
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
4185-4185
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1038/ncomms5185
OpenAlex
W1964570781
Cited by
411
References
48
FWCI
25.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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