Cited by 727Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical MechanicsQuantum Information and CryptographyQuantum Mechanics and Applications

Description of quantum coherence in thermodynamic processes requires constraints beyond free energy

Open access
Lostaglio, Matteo, Jennings, David, Rudolph, Terry·2015·Nature Communications

Abstract

Recent studies have developed fundamental limitations on nanoscale thermodynamics, in terms of a set of independent free energy relations. Here we show that free energy relations cannot properly describe quantum coherence in thermodynamic processes. By casting time-asymmetry as a quantifiable, fundamental resource of a quantum state, we arrive at an additional, independent set of thermodynamic constraints that naturally extend the existing ones. These asymmetry relations reveal that the traditional Szilárd engine argument does not extend automatically to quantum coherences, but instead only relational coherences in a multipartite scenario can contribute to thermodynamic work. We find that coherence transformations are always irreversible. Our results also reveal additional structural parallels between thermodynamics and the theory of entanglement.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ncomms7383

Cites

74 of 74 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Translationally invariant quantum operations are a proper subset of incoherent operations.

    “Thus, TI quantum operations are a proper subset of incoherent operations (See Fig. 1).”

    From Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

  • The states |0〉+|1〉 and |0〉+|N〉 (N>1) are equivalent resources under Baumgratz et al. coherence theory, so any measure of coherence takes the same value on them.

    “From the point of view of the resource theory of coherence proposed by Baumgratz et. al. [25], these states are equivalent resources, because they can be interconverted to each other by incoherent operations of the form (2.7), and therefore any measure of coherence takes the same value on them.”

    From Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

  • For any given observable H, all translationally invariant operations are incoherent operations in the sense of Baumgratz et al. relative to the eigenspaces of H.

    “Proposition 2 For any given observable H (in particular, the Hamiltonian), all TI operations are incoherent operations (in the sense defined by Baumgratz et al. [25], relative to the eigenspaces of H ).”

    From Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

  • The Wigner-Yanase skew information is not a measure of coherence according to the definition of Baumgratz et al., because it can increase under incoherent operations.

    “However, the latter claim is incorrect.”

    From Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

  • The relative entropy of coherence of Baumgratz et al. has been studied as a measure of asymmetry under the names G-asymmetry and relative entropy of asymmetry, and generalized to Holevo asymmetry measures.

    “the function called relative entropy of coherence by Baumgratz et. al. [25] has been extensively studied as a measure of asymmetry under the names of G-asymmetry and relative entropy of asymmetry [29, 32, 39, 41], and it has been generalized to a family of measures of asymmetry, called Holevo asymmetry measures [21, 26]”

    From Quantum speed limits, coherence, and asymmetry (2016) · cites this paper as [25]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Renyi A. in Fourth Berkeley Symp. Math. Statist. Probability. 547– 561 (University of California Press, (1961).
  2. Ahmadi M.. The WAY theorem and the quantum resource theory of asymmetry. New. J. Phys. 15, 013057 (2013).

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Lostaglio, M., Jennings, D., & Rudolph, T.
Affiliations
Imperial College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Lostaglio, Matteo
Venue
Nature Communications
Published
2015-03-10
Volume
6
Issue
1
Pages
6383-6383
ISSN
2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2059846772
Cited by
727
References
73
Citations by year
2026: 42 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 55 · 2019: 83 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 32
FWCI
53.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • Leverhulme Trust
  • Royal Society
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (MP1209, 1229180)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Keywords
quantum coherence, nanoscale thermodynamics, time asymmetry, Szilard engine, thermodynamic work, irreversibility, entanglement, thermodynamic constraints

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review