Cited by 108Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis TreatmentsNephrotoxicity and Medicinal PlantsParathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Oxalate in renal stone disease: the terminal metabolite that just won't go away

Marengo, Susan R, Romani, Andrea MP·2008·Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology

Abstract

The incidence of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in the US has been increasing throughout the past three decades. Biopsy studies show that both calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis probably occur by different mechanisms in different subsets of patients. Before more-effective medical therapies can be developed for these conditions, we must understand the mechanisms governing the transport and excretion of oxalate and the interactions of the ion in general and renal physiology. Blood oxalate derives from diet, degradation of ascorbate, and production by the liver and erythrocytes. In mammals, oxalate is a terminal metabolite that must be excreted or sequestered. The kidneys are the primary route of excretion and the site of oxalate's only known function. Oxalate stimulates the uptake of chloride, water, and sodium by the proximal tubule through the exchange of oxalate for sulfate or chloride via the solute carrier SLC26A6. Fecal excretion of oxalate is stimulated by hyperoxalemia in rodents, but no similar phenomenon has been observed in humans. Studies in which rats were treated with (14)C-oxalate have shown that less than 2% of a chronic oxalate load accumulates in the internal organs, plasma, and skeleton. These studies have also demonstrated that there is interindividual variability in the accumulation of oxalate, especially by the kidney. This Review summarizes the transport and function of oxalate in mammalian physiology and the ion's potential roles in nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/ncpneph0845

Cites

119 of 119 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • The primary sources of blood oxalate are diet-derived plant sources, vitamin C degradation, and endogenous synthesis in erythrocytes and liver.

    “The primary sources of blood oxalate are diet-derived plant sources, vitamin C (ascorbate) degradation, and endogenous synthesis pathways in erythrocytes and liver (27).”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 120 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Marengo, S. R., & Romani, A. M.
Affiliations
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Corresponding author
Marengo, Susan R
Venue
Nature Clinical Practice Nephrology
Published
2008-06-03
Volume
4
Issue
7
Pages
368-377
ISSN
  • 1745-8323 (ISSN-L)
  • 1745-8331
OpenAlex
W1985972696
Cited by
106
References
120
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Nephrology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01dk073730-03)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-18708, P01HL018708)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK073730)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Nephrotoxicity and Medicinal Plants
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
Keywords
oxalate, kidney stones, calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, SLC26A6, proximal tubule, oxalate excretion, oxalate accumulation, renal physiology, dietary oxalate
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Kidney, Kidney Calculi, Oxalates, Risk Factors, Ion Transport

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review