Cited by 594Estrogen and related hormone effectsAdrenal Hormones and DisordersReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

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Genomic and nongenomic effects of glucocorticoids

Stahn, Cindy, Buttgereit, Frank·2008·Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology

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Abstract

The strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids are mediated primarily by the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors. These receptors are members of the steroid hormone receptor family, a superfamily of ligand-inducible transcription factors, and exert genomic effects that can result in increased expression of regulatory-including anti-inflammatory-proteins (transactivation), or decreased production of proinflammatory proteins (transrepression). Transactivation is thought to be responsible for numerous adverse effects of glucocorticoids; transrepression is thought to be responsible for many of the clinically desirable anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids. Optimized glucocorticoids, such as selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists, are being developed to try to minimize the adverse effects many patients experience. Glucocorticoids also exert their effects via rapid, nongenomic mechanisms that can be classified as involving nonspecific interactions of glucocorticoids with cellular membranes, nongenomic effects that are mediated by cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors, or specific interactions with membrane-bound glucocorticoid receptors. Increased understanding of these mechanisms of glucocorticoid action could enable the development of novel drugs with which to treat patients with inflammatory and autoimmune disease.

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Background
Side Effects of Immunosuppressant Drugs After Liver Transplant
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Method
Steroid-Decorated Antibiotic Microparticles for Inhaled Anti-Infective Therapy
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BackgroundInfluential
Intravenous pulses of methylprednisolone to treat flares of immune-mediated diseases: how much, how long?
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Transcriptome and Methylome Analysis Reveal Complex Cross-Talks between Thyroid Hormone and Glucocorticoid Signaling at Xenopus Metamorphosis
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NO may prompt calcium leakage in dystrophic muscle
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Legionella pneumophila and Pneumocystis jirovecii Coinfection in an Infant Treated With Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for Infantile Spasm
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“Glucocorticosteroids act on the immune system by both suppressing and stimulating a large number of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediators affecting the innate and adaptive immune system.(11) The risk of infection is dependent on glucocorticosteroid dosing and timing, being highest with doses that exceed 0.”
Background
Anti-inflammatory activity of the sesquiterpene lactone diacethylpiptocarphol in dextransulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.
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“However, analysis of the average fEPSP amplitude at 60 min post-stimulation revealed a signiﬁcant effect of virus (virus; F [1,22] = 4.7, p = 0.04, ANOVA, Fig.”
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Regulation of Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling and the Diabetogenic Effects of Glucocorticoid Excess
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“In this regard, the relevant properties are the immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects that GCs exert on primary and secondary immune cells, tissues and organs (Stahn & Buttgereit, 2008), and the alleviation of the emesis associated with chemotherapy (Maranzano et al., 2005).”
Background
Oxytocin Signaling as a Target to Block Social Defeat-Induced Increases in Drug Abuse Reward
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Serum proteomics in giant cell arteritis in response to a three-day pulse of glucocorticoid followed by tocilizumab monotherapy (the GUSTO trial)
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“The high number reflects the combined genomic and non-genomic effects (17).”
Background
Short-term exposure to dexamethasone at environmentally relevant concentrations impairs embryonic development in Cyprinus carpio: Bioconcentration and alteration of oxidative stress-related gene expression patterns
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“A study analyzing the efficacy of oral MMF with GC administration in the experimental group vs. GC alone in the control group, in patients with moderate-to-severe TED, showed better improvement in clinical outcomes (reduction in the CAS score by ≥ 2 points; reduction in the lid width by ≥ 2 mm;…”
Background
Case Report: Management Approach and Use of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage After Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
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“We strongly consider the use of pulse dose glucocorticoids, methylprednisolone 15– 30 mg/kg/day or dexamethasone 4-5 mg/kg/day, for 2–3 days followed by a taper over 4–8 weeks to maximize the genomic and non-genomic anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids (13, 14).”
Background
Levels of inflammatory cytokines, adrenal steroids, and mRNA for GRα, GRβ and 11βHSD1 in TB pleurisy
D’Attilio, L., Díaz, A., Santucci, N. E., Bongiovanni, B., Gardeñez, W., Marchesini, M. M., Bogué, C., Dídoli, G., Bottasso, O. A., & Bay, M. L. (2013) · Tuberculosis · doi:10.1016/j.tube.2013.07.008 · Cited by 13
“, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IFNg and TNFa, and the mononuclear phagocyte system [10,11].”
Background
Treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: Immunomodulatory approaches
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The Electrical Stimulation of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Causes Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle of Rats
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“Recently, it has been presented that GCs may penetrate into the membrane and change functions of membrane proteins, thereby affecting lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability [5], protein carbonylation, and mitochondrial dysfunction [6, 7].”
Background

Authors: Stahn, C., & Buttgereit, F.
Affiliations: Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
Corresponding author: Buttgereit, Frank
ORCID: Buttgereit, Frank
Venue: Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2008-09-02
Volume: 4
Issue: 10
Pages: 525-533
ISSN: 1745-8382 (ISSN-L)
1745-8390
DOI: 10.1038/ncprheum0898
OpenAlex: W1968436319
Cited by: 594
References: 65
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 29
FWCI: 2.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords: glucocorticoids, glucocorticoid receptor, genomic mechanisms, transcriptional activation, transrepression, steroid hormone receptors, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists, adverse effects, anti-inflammatory activity, immunosuppression, rheumatic diseases
MeSH terms: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Cell Membrane, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Ligands, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Rheumatology, Transcriptional Activation, Genomics

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Genomic and nongenomic effects of glucocorticoids

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