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Function of C/EBPδ in a regulatory circuit that discriminates between transient and persistent TLR4-induced signals
Open accessAbstract
The innate immune system is like a double-edged sword: it is absolutely required for host defense against infection, but when uncontrolled, it can trigger a plethora of inflammatory diseases. Here we use systems-biology approaches to predict and confirm the existence of a gene-regulatory network involving dynamic interaction among the transcription factors NF-kappaB, C/EBPdelta and ATF3 that controls inflammatory responses. We mathematically modeled transcriptional regulation of the genes encoding interleukin 6 and C/EBPdelta and experimentally confirmed the prediction that the combination of an initiator (NF-kappaB), an amplifier (C/EBPdelta) and an attenuator (ATF3) forms a regulatory circuit that discriminates between transient and persistent Toll-like receptor 4-induced signals. Our results suggest a mechanism that enables the innate immune system to detect the duration of infection and to respond appropriately.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Litvak, V., Ramsey, S. A., Rust, A. G., Zak, D. E., Kennedy, K. A., Lampano, A. E., Nykter, M., Shmulevich, I., & Aderem, A.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Systems Biology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aderem, Alan
- Venue
- Nature Immunology
- Published
- 2009-03-08
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 437-443
- ISSN
- 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2916
- PMC
- PMC2780024
- OpenAlex
- W2036584139
- Cited by
- 295
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 15.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI032972, R01AI025032)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Keywords
- C/EBPδ, TLR4, NF-κB, ATF3, transcriptional regulatory networks, gene regulatory networks, innate immunity, interleukin-6, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bone Marrow Cells, Cells, Cultured, Escherichia coli Infections, Immunity, Innate, Lipopolysaccharides, Macrophages, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Models, Genetic, Interleukin-6, NF-kappa B, Mice, Knockout, Systems Biology, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Mice, Activating Transcription Factor 3, CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-delta, Gene Regulatory Networks
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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