The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sequence-specific activation of the DNA sensor cGAS by Y-form DNA structures as found in primary HIV-1 cDNA
Open accessAbstract
Cytosolic DNA that emerges during infection with a retrovirus or DNA virus triggers antiviral type I interferon responses. So far, only double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) over 40 base pairs (bp) in length has been considered immunostimulatory. Here we found that unpaired DNA nucleotides flanking short base-paired DNA stretches, as in stem-loop structures of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) derived from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), activated the type I interferon–inducing DNA sensor cGAS in a sequence-dependent manner. DNA structures containing unpaired guanosines flanking short (12- to 20-bp) dsDNA (Y-form DNA) were highly stimulatory and specifically enhanced the enzymatic activity of cGAS. Furthermore, we found that primary HIV-1 reverse transcripts represented the predominant viral cytosolic DNA species during early infection of macrophages and that these ssDNAs were highly immunostimulatory. Collectively, our study identifies unpaired guanosines in Y-form DNA as a highly active, minimal cGAS recognition motif that enables detection of HIV-1 ssDNA.
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Cites
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
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Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway
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CpG motifs in bacterial DNA trigger direct B-cell activation
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STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity
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AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC
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Self-citationCyclic GMP-AMP Is an Endogenous Second Messenger in Innate Immune Signaling by Cytosolic DNA
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AIM2 activates the inflammasome and cell death in response to cytoplasmic DNA
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DAI (DLM-1/ZBP1) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and an activator of innate immune response
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CGAS produces a 2′-5′-linked cyclic dinucleotide second messenger that activates STING.
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Self-citationIFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA
Unterholzner, L., Keating, S. E., Baran, M., Horan, K. A., Jensen, S. B., Sharma, S., Sirois, C. M., Jin, T., Latz, E., Xiao, T. S., et al. (2010) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1932 · Cited by 1,643
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Cited by
Regulation and function of the cGAS–STING pathway of cytosolic DNA sensing
Chen, Q., Sun, L., & Chen, Z. J. (2016) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.3558 · Cited by 2,333
Molecular mechanisms and cellular functions of cGAS–STING signalling
Hopfner, K.-P., & Hornung, V. (2020) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-020-0244-x · Cited by 2,052
Self-citationSTING: infection, inflammation and cancer.
Barber, G. N. (2015) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3921 · Cited by 1,313
The cGAS–cGAMP–STING pathway connects DNA damage to inflammation, senescence, and cancer
Li, T., & Chen, Z. J. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20180139 · Cited by 1,293
Discriminating self from non-self in nucleic acid sensing
Schlee, M., & Hartmann, G. (2016) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2016.78 · Cited by 593
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Metadata
- Authors
- Herzner, A.-M., Hagmann, C. A., Goldeck, M., Wolter, S., Kübler, K., Wittmann, S., Gramberg, T., Andreeva, L., Hopfner, K.-P., Mertens, C., Zillinger, T., Jin, T., Xiao, T. S., Bartok, E., Coch, C., Ackermann, D., Hornung, V., Ludwig, J., Barchet, W., Hartmann, G., & Schlee, M.
- Venue
- Nature Immunology
- Published
- 2015-09-07
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1025-1033
- ISSN
- 1529-2908 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2916
- OpenAlex
- W2139936109
- Cited by
- 256
- References
- 55
- FWCI
- 11.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Herzner, A.-M., Hagmann, C. A., Goldeck, M., Wolter, S., Kübler, K., Wittmann, S., Gramberg, T., Andreeva, L., Hopfner, K.-P., Mertens, C., Zillinger, T., Jin, T., Xiao, T. S., Bartok, E., Coch, C., Ackermann, D., Hornung, V., Ludwig, J., Barchet, W., . . . Schlee, M. (2015). Sequence-specific activation of the DNA sensor cGAS by Y-form DNA structures as found in primary HIV-1 cDNA. Nature Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.3267
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