The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ultrastrong coupling of a single artificial atom to an electromagnetic continuum in the nonperturbative regime
Open accessAbstract
A superconducting artificial atom coupled to a 1D waveguide tests the limits of light–matter interaction in an unexplored coupling regime, which may enable new perspectives for quantum technologies. The study of light–matter interaction has led to important advances in quantum optics and enabled numerous technologies. Over recent decades, progress has been made in increasing the strength of this interaction at the single-photon level. More recently, a major achievement has been the demonstration of the so-called strong coupling regime1,2, a key advancement enabling progress in quantum information science. Here, we demonstrate light–matter interaction over an order of magnitude stronger than previously reported, reaching the nonperturbative regime of ultrastrong coupling (USC). We achieve this using a superconducting artificial atom tunably coupled to the electromagnetic continuum of a one-dimensional waveguide. For the largest coupling, the spontaneous emission rate of the atom exceeds its transition frequency. In this USC regime, the description of atom and light as distinct entities breaks down, and a new description in terms of hybrid states is required3,4. Beyond light–matter interaction itself, the tunability of our system makes it a promising tool to study a number of important physical systems, such as the well-known spin-boson5 and Kondo models6.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kimble, H. J. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07127 · Cited by 6,023
Gammaitoni, L., Hänggi, P., Jung, P., & Marchesoni, F. (1998) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.70.223 · Cited by 5,443
Dynamics of the dissipative two-state system
Leggett, A. J., Chakravarty, S., Dorsey, A. T., Fisher, M. P. A., Garg, A., & Zwerger, W. (1987) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.59.1 · Cited by 5,109
Strong coupling of a single photon to a superconducting qubit using circuit quantum electrodynamics
Wallraff, A., Schuster, D. I., Blais, A., Frunzio, L., Huang, R. S., Majer, J., Kumar, S., Girvin, S. M., & Schoelkopf, R. J. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02851 · Cited by 3,796
Quantum tunnelling in a dissipative system
Caldeira, A. O., & Leggett, A. J. (1983) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(83)90202-6 · Cited by 3,647
Stochastic Resonance: From Suprathreshold Stochastic Resonance to Stochastic Signal Quantization
McDonnell, M. D., Stocks, N. G., Pearce, C. E. M., & Abbott, D. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535239 · Cited by 2,403
Haroche, S., & Raimond, J.-M. (2006) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198509141.001.0001 · Cited by 1,702
Josephson Persistent-Current Qubit
Mooij, J. E., Orlando, T. P., Levitov, L., Tian, L., van der Wal, C. H., & Lloyd, S. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.285.5430.1036 · Cited by 1,373
Circuit quantum electrodynamics in the ultrastrong-coupling regime
Niemczyk, T., Deppe, F., Huebl, H., Menzel, E. P., Hocke, F., Schwarz, M. J., Garcia-Ripoll, J. J., Zueco, D., Hümmer, T., Solano, E., et al. (2010) · Nature Physics · doi:10.1038/nphys1730 · Cited by 1,324
Forn-Díaz, P., Lisenfeld, J., Marcos, D., García-Ripoll, J. J., Solano, E., Harmans, C. J. P. M., & Mooij, J. E. (2010) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.105.237001 · Cited by 729
Self-citation
Cited by
Superconducting Qubits: Current State of Play
Kjaergaard, M., Schwartz, M. E., Braumüller, J., Krantz, P., Wang, J. I.-J., Gustavsson, S., & Oliver, W. D. (2020) · Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics · doi:10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050605 · Cited by 1,544
Microwave photonics with superconducting quantum circuits
Gu, X., Kockum, A. F., Miranowicz, A., Liu, Y.-X., & Nori, F. (2017) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2017.10.002 · Cited by 1,307
Scalable quantum computer with superconducting circuits in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Stassi, R., Cirio, M., & Nori, F. (2020) · npj Quantum Information · doi:10.1038/s41534-020-00294-x · Cited by 80
Quantum Information and Computation for Chemistry
Olson, J., Cao, Y., Romero, J., Johnson, P., Dallaire-Demers, P.-L., Sawaya, N., Narang, P., Kivlichan, I., Wasielewski, M., & Aspuru-Guzik, A. (2017) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1706.05413 · Cited by 15
“On the other hand, conventional methods from quantum optics typically explore the quantum electromagnetic field in great detail (Forn-Diaz et al., 2016), but ignore the ‘matter’ component (it is mostly described by simplified models restricted to only a few-energy levels).”
BackgroundEfficient protocol for exploring the quantum interference and entanglement of Dirac particles
Qiu, Y., Yan, K.-X., Lin, J.-H., Song, J., Chen, Y.-H., & Xia, Y. (2025) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/adf76f · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Forn-Díaz, P., García-Ripoll, J. J., Peropadre, B., Orgiazzi, J.-L., Yurtalan, M. A., Belyansky, R., Wilson, C. M., & Lupascu, A.
- Venue
- Nature Physics
- Published
- 2016-10-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 39-43
- ISSN
- 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-2481
- OpenAlex
- W2267224454
- Cited by
- 478
- References
- 35
- FWCI
- 30.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ultrastrong coupling of a single artificial atom to an electromagnetic continuum in the nonperturbative regime. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nphys3905
- The paper
- Forn-Díaz, P., García-Ripoll, J. J., Peropadre, B., Orgiazzi, J.-L., Yurtalan, M. A., Belyansky, R., Wilson, C. M., & Lupascu, A. (2017). Ultrastrong coupling of a single artificial atom to an electromagnetic continuum in the nonperturbative regime. Nature Physics. https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys3905
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
