Shift current bulk photovoltaic effect in polar materials—hybrid and oxide perovskites and beyond
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The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) refers to the generation of a steady photocurrent and above-bandgap photovoltage in a single-phase homogeneous material lacking inversion symmetry. The mechanism of BPVE is decidedly different from the typical p–n junction-based photovoltaic mechanism in heterogeneous materials. Recently, there has been renewed interest in ferroelectric materials for solar energy conversion, inspired by the discovery of above-bandgap photovoltages in ferroelectrics, the invention of low bandgap ferroelectric materials and the rapidly improving power conversion efficiency of metal halide perovskites. However, as long as the nature of the BPVE and its dependence on composition and structure remain poorly understood, materials engineering and the realisation of its true potential will be hampered. In this review article, we survey the history, development and recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of BPVE, with a focus on the shift current mechanism, an intrinsic BPVE that is universal to all materials lacking inversion symmetry. In addition to explaining the theory of shift current, materials design opportunities and challenges will be discussed for future applications of the BPVE.
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Shift and injection currents together make up the bulk photovoltaic effect, which represents a new pathway for solar energy conversion beyond traditional p-n junction photovoltaics.
“Two other important contributions to are the shift and injection currents, together making up the so-called bulk photovoltaic effect39,40, which represents a new pathway for solar energy conversion beyond traditional p–n junction photovoltaics41.”
From Ultrafast terahertz emission from emerging symmetry-broken materials (2023) · cites this paper as [41]
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Young, S. M. Theory of the Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in Oxides, and First-Principles Computational Design of Materials with Bulk Dirac Points. PhD Dissertation, 1-220 (University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons, 2011).
- Grekov, A. A., Malitskaya, M. A., Spitsnya, V. D. & Fridkin, V. M. Photoferroelectric effects in ferroelectric semiconductors of the A V B VI C VII type with low- temperature phase changes. Sov. Phys. Crystallogr. 15, 500 (1970).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Colossal mid-infrared bulk photovoltaic effect in a type-I Weyl semimetal
Osterhoudt, G. B., Diebel, L. K., Gray, M. J., Yang, X., Stanco, J., Huang, X., Shen, B., Ni, N., Moll, P. J. W., Ran, Y., et al. (2019) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/s41563-019-0297-4 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Recent progress in the theory of bulk photovoltaic effect
Dai, Z., & Rappe, A. M. (2023) · Chemical Physics Reviews · doi:10.1063/5.0101513 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationSpectral dynamics of shift current in ferroelectric semiconductor SbSI
Sotome, M., Nakamura, M., Fujioka, J., Ogino, M., Kaneko, Y., Morimoto, T., Zhang, Y., Kawasaki, M., Nagaosa, N., Tokura, Y., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1802427116 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Ultrafast terahertz emission from emerging symmetry-broken materials
Pettine, J., Padmanabhan, P., Sirica, N., Prasankumar, R. P., Taylor, A. J., & Chen, H.-T. (2023) · Light: Science & Applications · doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01163-w · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Unconventional Photocurrents from Surface Fermi Arcs in Topological Chiral Semimetals
Chang, G., Yin, J.-X., Neupert, T., Sanchez, D. S., Belopolski, I., Zhang, S. S., Cochran, T. A., Chéng, Z., Hsu, M.-C., Huang, S.-M., et al. (2020) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.124.166404 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Light-Induced Currents at Domain Walls in Multiferroic BiFeO<sub>3</sub>
Guzelturk, B., Mei, A. B., Zhang, L., Tan, L. Z., Donahue, C. M., Singh, A. G., Schlom, D. G., Martin, L. W., & Lindenberg, A. M. (2020) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03484 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Tan, L. Z., Zheng, F., Young, S. M., Wang, F., Liu, S., & Rappe, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- United States Naval Research Laboratory (US)
- Carnegie Institution for Science (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Liang Z
- Venue
- npj Computational Materials
- Published
- 2016-08-26
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2057-3960 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2515434963
- Cited by
- 393
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 14
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- npj Computational Materials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DEFG0207ER46431, DE‐FG02‐, FG02-07ER46431)
- Carnegie Institution of Washington
- Carnegie Institution for Science
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
- Office of Naval Research
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Multiferroics and related materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Keywords
- bulk photovoltaic effect, shift current, ferroelectric materials, polar materials, inversion symmetry breaking, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, halide perovskites, photocurrent generation, materials design
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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