The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Contributions of risk factors and medical care to cardiovascular mortality trends
Open accessAbstract
Ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) lead to 17.5 million deaths worldwide per year. Taking into account population ageing, CVD death rates are decreasing steadily both in regions with reliable trend data and globally. The declines in high-income countries and some Latin American countries have been ongoing for decades without slowing. These positive trends have broadly coincided with, and benefited from, declines in smoking and physiological risk factors, such as blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels. These declines have also coincided with, and benefited from, improvements in medical care, including primary prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of acute CVDs, as well as post-hospital care, especially in the past 40 years. These variables, however, explain neither why the decline began when it did, nor the similarities and differences in the start time and rate of the decline between countries and sexes. In Russia and some other former Soviet countries, changes in volume and patterns of alcohol consumption have caused sharp rises in CVD mortality since the early 1990s. An important challenge in reaching firm conclusions about the drivers of these remarkable international trends is the paucity of time-trend data on CVD incidence, risk factors throughout the life-course, and clinical care.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
RETRACTED: Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease with a Mediterranean Diet
Estruch, R., Ros, E., Salas-Salvadó, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Arós, F., Gómez-Gracia, E., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V., Fiol, M., Lapetra, J., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1200303 · Cited by 4,257
RetractedReduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
(2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa012512 · Cited by 19,011
Lozano, R., Naghavi, M., Foreman, K., Lim, S., Shibuya, K., Aboyans, V., Abraham, J., Adair, T., Aggarwal, R., Ahn, S. Y., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61728-0 · Cited by 14,070
Self-citationChobanian, A. V., Bakris, G. L., Black, H. R., Cushman, W. C., Green, L. A., Izzo, J. L., Jones, D. W., Materson, B. J., Oparil, S., Wright, J. T., et al. (2003) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000107251.49515.c2 · Cited by 13,271
10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Holman, R. R., Paul, S. K., Bethel, M. A., Matthews, D. R., & Neil, H. A. W. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0806470 · Cited by 7,751
Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism
Tremaroli, V., & Bäckhed, F. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11552 · Cited by 4,387
Finucane, M. M., Stevens, G. A., Cowan, M. J., Danaei, G., Lin, J. K., Paciorek, C. J., Singh, G. M., Gutierrez, H. R., Lu, Y., Bahalim, A. N., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(10)62037-5 · Cited by 4,050
Self-citationFeigin, V. L., Forouzanfar, M. H., Krishnamurthi, R., Mensah, G. A., Connor, M., Bennett, D. A., Moran, A. E., Sacco, R. L., Anderson, L., Truelsen, T., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61953-4 · Cited by 3,899
Self-citationTreatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older
Beckett, N. S., Peters, R., Fletcher, A. E., Staessen, J. A., Liu, L., Dumitrascu, D., Stoyanovsky, V., Antikainen, R. L., Nikitin, Y., Anderson, C., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0801369 · Cited by 3,092
Cited by
(2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30054-x · Cited by 5,212
“…at the population level, the eff ect of rising BMI on the course of mortality reduction has so far been somewhat small in high-income countries, 35,36 possibly because pharma cological treatment has helped reduce blood pressure and serum cholesterol and manage diabetes com plications, which…”
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases for 10 Causes, 1990 to 2015
Roth, G. A., Johnson, C., Abajobir, A., Abd-Allah, F., Abera, S. F., Abyu, G., Ahmed, M., Aksut, B., Alam, T., Alam, K., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.052 · Cited by 3,791
Zhou, B., Bentham, J., Di Cesare, M., Bixby, H., Danaei, G., Cowan, M. J., Paciorek, C. J., Singh, G., Hajifathalian, K., Bennett, J. E., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31919-5 · Cited by 2,579
Self-citationBennett, J. E., Stevens, G. A., Mathers, C. D., Bonita, R., Rehm, J., Kruk, M. E., Riley, L. M., Dain, K., Kengne, A. P., Chalkidou, K., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31992-5 · Cited by 1,336
Self-citationEffects of stress on the development and progression of cardiovascular disease
Kivimäki, M., & Steptoe, A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2017.189 · Cited by 1,197
Metadata
- Authors
- Ezzati, M., Obermeyer, Z., Tzoulaki, I., Mayosi, B. M., Elliott, P., & Leon, D. A.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Cardiology
- Published
- 2015-06-16
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 508-530
- ISSN
- 1759-5002 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5010
- OpenAlex
- W2127689336
- Cited by
- 338
- References
- 53
- FWCI
- 5.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Contributions of risk factors and medical care to cardiovascular mortality trends. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nrcardio.2015.82
- The paper
- Ezzati, M., Obermeyer, Z., Tzoulaki, I., Mayosi, B. M., Elliott, P., & Leon, D. A. (2015). Contributions of risk factors and medical care to cardiovascular mortality trends. Nature Reviews Cardiology. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrcardio.2015.82
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
