The DOI matches its Crossref record; 130 of the 131 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs.
Abstract
Antipsychotic medications can induce cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities (such as obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome) that are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Controversy remains about the contribution of individual antipsychotic drugs to this increased risk and whether they cause sudden cardiac death through prolongation of the corrected QT interval. Although some drug receptor-binding affinities correlate with specific cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, the exact pharmacological mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. Antipsychotic agents with prominent metabolic adverse effects might cause abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism via both obesity-related and obesity-unrelated molecular mechanisms. Despite existing guidelines and recommendations, many antipsychotic-drug-treated patients are not assessed for even the most easily measurable metabolic and cardiac risk factors, such as obesity and blood pressure. Subsequently, concerns have been raised over the use of these medications, especially pronounced in vulnerable pediatric patients, among whom their use has increased markedly in the past decade and seems to have especially orexigenic effects. This Review outlines the metabolic and cardiovascular risks of various antipsychotic medications in adults and children, defines the disparities in health care and finally makes recommendations for screening and monitoring of patients taking these agents.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Profound metabolic side effects, including weight gain, increased chance of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and high blood pressure, are also common with risperidone and aripiprazole [139–141].”
From Pharmacological treatment in autism: a proposal for guidelines on common co-occurring psychiatric symptoms (2025) · cites this paper as [141]
In the citing paper
“In SCZ, APs add significantly to this risk of metabolic dysregulation, with clozapine and olanzapine carrying the greatest metabolic liability98,99.”
From Autonomic nervous system dysfunction in schizophrenia: impact on cognitive and metabolic health (2021) · cites this paper as [99]
In the citing paper
“Both antipsychotic (De Hert et al., 2012) and antidepressant (Anderson et al., 2012) medications are associated with numerous adverse side effects that range from more common and less severe symptoms like headaches or nausea, to less common but more severe symptoms like cardiovascular or metabolic dysfunction.”
From Aerobic Exercise as a Tool to Improve Hippocampal Plasticity and Function in Humans: Practical Implications for Mental Health Treatment (2016) · cites this paper as De Hert et al., 2012
Citations
Cites
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944
Chobanian, A. V. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560 · Cited by 25,386
Alberti, K. G. M. M., Eckel, R. H., Grundy, S. M., Zimmet, P. Z., Cleeman, J. I., Donato, K. A., Fruchart, J.-C., James, W. P. T., Loria, C. M., & Smith, S. C. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.192644 · Cited by 14,860
Effectiveness of Antipsychotic Drugs in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia
Lieberman, J. A., Stroup, T. S., McEvoy, J. P., Swartz, M. S., Rosenheck, R. A., Perkins, D. O., Keefe, R. S. E., Davis, S. M., Davis, C. E., Lebowitz, B. D., et al. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa051688 · Cited by 5,892
Yatham, L. N., & Malhi, G. S. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199562305.001.0001 · Cited by 3,515
International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1c assay in the diagnosis of diabetes
The International Expert Committee (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-9033 · Cited by 3,185
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Gillies, A. (2019) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315377315-19 · Cited by 2,876
DE HERT, M., CORRELL, C. U., BOBES, J., CETKOVICH‐BAKMAS, M., COHEN, D., ASAI, I., DETRAUX, J., GAUTAM, S., MÖLLER, H., NDETEI, D. M., et al. (2011) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x · Cited by 2,488
Christakis, D., Richards, J. A., Zimmerman, F. J., Garrison, M. M., Xu, D., & Yapanel, U. H. (2009) · Cited by 2,290
Zipes, D. P., Camm, A. J., Borggrefe, M., Buxton, A. E., CHAITMAN, B. R., FROMER, M. A., Gregoratos, G., Klein, G. J., Myerburg, R. J., Quiñones, M. A., et al. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.07.010 · Cited by 1,975
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Citrome, L. Risk–benefit analysis of available treatments for schizophrenia. Psychiatric Times 1, 27–30 (2007).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Leucht, S., Cipriani, A., Spineli, L., Mavridis, D., Örey, D., Richter, F., Samara, M., Barbui, C., Engel, R. R., Geddes, J. R., et al. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60733-3 · Cited by 2,561
Correll, C. U., Solmi, M., Veronese, N., Bortolato, B., Rosson, S., Santonastaso, P., Thapa‐Chhetri, N., Fornaro, M., Gallicchio, D., Collantoni, E., et al. (2017) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20420 · Cited by 1,729
Vancampfort, D., Stubbs, B., Mitchell, A. J., De Hert, M., Wampers, M., Ward, P. B., Rosenbaum, S., & Correll, C. U. (2015) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20252 · Cited by 1,271
Self-citationKahn, R. S., Sommer, I. E., Murray, R. M., Meyer‐Lindenberg, A., Weinberger, D. R., Cannon, T. D., O’Donovan, M. C., Correll, C. U., Kane, J. M., van Os, J., et al. (2015) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.67 · Cited by 1,163
A review of depression and suicide risk assessment using speech analysis
Cummins, N., Scherer, S. J., Krajewski, J., Schnieder, S., Epps, J., & Quatieri, T. F. (2015) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/j.specom.2015.03.004 · Cited by 1,051
Metadata
- Authors
- De Hert, M., Detraux, J., van Winkel, R., Yu, W., & Correll, C. U.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Zucker Hillside Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology
- Published
- 2011-10-18
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 114-126
- ISSN
- 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5037
- OpenAlex
- W2014026290
- Cited by
- 1,145
- References
- 131
- Citations by year
- 2026: 85 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 99 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 73 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 75 · 2014: 65 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 6.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Keywords
- antipsychotic drugs, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic side effects, obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, QT prolongation, sudden cardiac death, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, health care disparities, screening and monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Antipsychotic Agents, Weight Gain, Death, Sudden, Cardiac
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
