Mechanisms of clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Open accessAbstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a key process in vesicular trafficking that transports a wide range of cargo molecules from the cell surface to the interior. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was first described over 5 decades ago. Since its discovery, over 50 proteins have been shown to be part of the molecular machinery that generates the clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles. These proteins and the different steps of the endocytic process that they mediate have been studied in detail. However, we still lack a good understanding of how all these different components work together in a highly coordinated manner to drive vesicle formation. Nevertheless, studies in recent years have provided several important insights into how endocytic vesicles are built, starting from initiation, cargo loading and the mechanisms governing membrane bending to membrane scission and the release of the vesicle into the cytoplasm.
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Endocytosis typically requires force generation by active actin polymerization at the maturing endocytic pit.
“Endocytosis typically requires force generation by active actin polymerization at the maturing endocytic pit52–57.”
From Membrane compression by synaptic vesicle exocytosis triggers ultrafast endocytosis (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
In much softer animal cell membranes, the role of actin polymerization in endocytosis is controversial.
“However, in the case of much softer animal cell membranes, the role of actin polymerization in endocytosis is controversial55.”
From Membrane compression by synaptic vesicle exocytosis triggers ultrafast endocytosis (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
CME requires the AP2 complex to recruit cargo proteins to endocytic vesicles.
“To recruit cargo proteins to endocytic vesicles, CME requires the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex AP2 complex that acts as an adaptor between cargo proteins and clathrin coats (5, 15–18).”
From Regulation of cargo exocytosis by a Reps1-Ralbp1-RalA module (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Kaksonen, M., & Roux, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Kaksonen, Marko
- Roux, Aurélien
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2018-02-07
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 313-326
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- OpenAlex
- W2793567263
- Cited by
- 1,698
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 199 · 2025: 240 · 2024: 214 · 2023: 228 · 2022: 251 · 2021: 222 · 2020: 171 · 2019: 122 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 15.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- clathrin-mediated endocytosis, clathrin-coated vesicles, vesicle budding, cargo loading, membrane bending, membrane fission, vesicle release, vesicle trafficking
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Transport, Cell Membrane, Clathrin, Endocytosis, Humans, Transport Vesicles, Clathrin-Coated Vesicles
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